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"The present doctoral dissertation contributes to the analysis of glass panels subjected to blast load, concentrating on monolithic and laminated glass prior to glass fracture. A straightforward graphical solution for monolithic glass is presented to identify maximum deformation and maximum principal stress for small and large deformations for static and idealized blast load without software. On the basis of experimental tests, load duration factors kmod for impact and blast load design for annealed glass, heat strengthened glass and fully tempered glass are proposed and design strength values for impact and blast design based on the European and German standards are suggested. As a result, blast pressure capacity charts for monolithic fully tempered glass plates subjected to idealized blast load are presented. Moreover, design temperatures of interlayer in blast design situation based on empirical data in accordance with Eurocode are determined for vertical double glazed and triple glazed units for Germany, showing that laminated glass should not be regarded with monolithic glass approach in general."

"ABSTRAKPerforma bangunan beton bertulang dengan sistem dinding geser khusus dengan rangka penahan momen khusus (sistem ganda) yang didesain sesuai ASCE 7-16, dievaluasi dengan Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) sesuai ASCE 41-17, berdasarkan variasi konfigurasi bentang struktur, jumlah lantai, konfigurasi dinding geser, dan geometri bangunan. Dalam tata cara perencanaan, perilaku inelastis struktur disederhanakan dalam bentuk modifikasi respons gempa R, yang bergantung hanya pada sistem struktur. Kontribusi konfigurasi struktur terhadap perilaku inelastis aktual tidak diketahui. Non-Linear Time History Analysis menggunakan 11 pasang ground motion yang terskalakan terhadap respons spektra ASCE 7-16, digunakan untuk menilai potensi performa tata cara perencanaan. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan jumlah bentang struktur dan penggunaan faktor redundansi, dapat meningkatkan performa dan redundansi struktur. Peningkatan jumlah lantai, konfigurasi dinding geser asimetris, torsi tak terduga dan pengarahan ground motion pada sumbu utama struktur dapat menurunkan performa dan redundansi struktur. Prediksi kebutuhan dapat dengan mudah melampaui kapasitas rotasi inelastis balok dan kolom pada bangunan dengan SRPMK, sedangkan prediksi kebutuhan dapat dengan mudah melebihi kapasitas kuat geser dinding geser pada bangunan dengan sistem ganda. Secara keseluruhan, bangunan yang sudah didesain menurut ASCE 7 tidak terjamin dapat mencapai tujuan target kinerja menurut ASCE 41.

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ABSTRACTPerformance of special reinforced concrete shear walls with special moment frame (dual systems) buildings designed in accordance with ASCE 7-16, are evaluated with Performance-Based Seismic Design (PBSD) in accordance with ASCE 41-17, based on variations in structure bays configuration, number of levels, shear walls configuration, and building geometry. In prescriptive code, structure inelastic behaviour is simplified in forms of seismic response modification R, which depends solely on structural system. Contribution of structure configuration, to actual structure inelastic behavior remains unknown. Non-Linear Time History Analysis using 11 pairs of ground motions matched to ASCE 7-16 response spectrum is used to assess the potential performance of prescriptive code. Evaluation results show that increasing amount of structure bays and usage of redundancy factor, may increase structure performance and redundancy. Increasing number of levels, asymmetric shear walls configuration, accidental torsion and ground motions directionality may reduce structure performance and redundancy. Predicted demands may easily exceed beams' and columns' inelastic rotation capacity in buildings with SMF, while predicted demands may easily exceed shear walls' shear strength capacities in buildings with dual systems. Thus in overall, the buildings designed as per ASCE 7 are not guaranteed may achieve expected target performance objective by ASCE 41."

"Kenyamanan termal merupakan aspek yang penting dalam sebuah ruangan. Dengan kenyamanan tersebut, penghuni suatu ruangan dapat merasa nyaman dan memperoleh kepuasan untuk beraktivitas di dalamnya. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut, kelancaran dalam beraktivitas di sebuah ruangan juga perlu didukung oleh pencahayaan yang baik. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah memanfaatkan bukaan jendela. Akan tetapi, bukaan jendela tersebut juga dapat memberi dampak pada kenyamanan termal akibat solar gain. Oleh karena itu, penulisan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi bagaimana kondisi kenyamanan termal dan pencahayaan alami dalam ruang studio arsitektur dengan melakukan pengukuran lapangan, simulasi, dan optimasi dengan pendekatan multi-objective optimization (MOO). Optimasi yang dilakukan menggunakan parameter window-to-wall ratio (WWR) ini bertujuan untuk menemukan nilai WWR optimal yang dapat meningkatkan kenyamanan termal sekaligus menjaga ketersediaan pencahayaan alami dalam ruang studio arsitektur. Hasil performa kenyamanan termal dan pencahayaan alami yang diperoleh pada kondisi WWR optimal didapatkan sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan, lebih baik dibandingkan dengan hasil analisis pada kondisi WWR eksisting.

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Thermal comfort is a crucial aspect of a room. With thermal comfort, the occupants of a room can feel at ease and gain satisfaction in carrying out their activities within the room. In relation to this, a proper illumination is needed to maintain an uninterrupted set of activities. One of the efforts that can be made is to utilize window glazings. However, window glazings can also have impact on indoor thermal comfort due to solar gain. Therefore, the main goal of this thesis is to investigate the thermal comfort state and daylighting within the architectural studio room by conducting field measurements, simulations, and optimization with multi-objective optimization (MOO) approach. The optimization performed using the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) parameter aims to identify the optimal WWR value that is able to enhance the thermal comfort state while maintaining sufficient amount of daylighting within the architectural studio room. The results of the thermal comfort and daylighting performance achieved under the optimal WWR configurations resulted in compliance to standards, much better compared to the analyses results under the existing WWR conditions."