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"Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana gambaran mengenai budaya melayu dalam novel Dwilogi Padang Bulan karya Andrea Hirata dengan menggunakan konsepsikonsepsi dari Unsur Kebudayaan dan Metode Analisi Isi Kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di dalam novel masyarakat melayu digambarkan sebagai masyarakat yang reijius tetapi masih menganut faham dinamisme, menjunjung tinggi sopan santun, budaya lisan lebih dominan dibandingkan budaya tulisan, pekerja keras, dan gigih dalam bekerja. Lebih jauh, masyarakat melayu digambarkan sebagai masyarakat yang memiliki organisasi sosial yang mapan, tidak begitu bersimpati dengan kinerja pemerintah, mengganggap pendidikan adalah sesuatu hal yang penting, patriarkis, dan menggunakan sastra yakni puisi dan pantun sebagai media untuk menyampaikan pesan dan pandangan hidup.

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This Study looked at how the idea of the Malay culture in Andrea Hirata's Work Dwilogi Padang Bulan by using the conceptions of the Elements of Culture and Qualitative Content Analysis Methods. The results show that the Malay community in the novel described as a religious society but still adhered to understand dynamism, upholds manners, oral culture more dominant than writing, hardworking and persistent in their work. Furthermore, the Malay community depicted as community who have established social organization, not sympathetic to the performance of the government, considers education is important, patriarchal, use the literary and poems as a medium for conveying messages and views."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini membahas mengenai analisis penerjemahan idiom bahasa Indonesia dalam novel Laskar Pelangi karya Andrea Hirata ke bahasa Jerman dalam novel Die Regenbogentruppe. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif. Rumusan permasalahan dalam penelitan ini adalah kesepadanan makna terjemahan idiom bahasa Indonesia ke dalam bahasa Jerman serta teknik penerjemahan yang digunakan untuk memeroleh hasil terjemahan yang sepadan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan terjemahan idiom bahasa indonesia kategori nonanggota tubuh yang frekuensi kemunculannya lebih dari satu kali. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari 20 hasil terjemahan, sebelas terjemahan mengandung kesepadanan makna, dua terjemahan tidak sepadan dan tujuh idiom tidak diterjemahkan.

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ABSTRACTThe focus of this research is analysis of Indonesian languages idiom translation within Laskar Pelangi by Andrea Hirata into German within Die Regenbogentruppe. This research is qualitative descriptive. The problem of this research are meaning equivalence of Indonesian languages idiom translation into German and translation technique which used to attain equivalent translation. The purpose of this research is to compare Indonesian languages idiom translation non body parts category which appear more than one time. The result of this research are from 20 translations, 11 contain meaning equivalent, two are inequivalence and seven idioms are not translated."

"Tesis ini adalah kritik atas terjemahan novel Laskar Pelangi ke bahasa Inggris. Kritik disusun menggunakan model analisis teks dan pencapaian skopos sebagai kriteria penilaian atas penggunaan strategi penerjemahan. Langkah pertama yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis faktor ekstratekstual dan intratekstual teks sumber (TSu) dan teks sasaran (TSa) untuk menentukan skopos. Untuk menilai ketercapaian skopos, analisis sampel data dilakukan dengan melihat penggunaan strategi penerjemahan. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa TSa diproduksi dengan motif komunikasi yang berbeda dengan TSu. TSu diproduksi sebagai persembahan untuk kedua guru dan sahabat yang paling dicintai pengarang novel itu, sedangkan TSa diproduksi untuk memenuhi ekspektasi pembaca. Penambahan dan penghilangan sebagai strategi utama yang digunakan berhasil membantu penerjemah menyiasati kesenjangan itu dan menghasilkan terjemahan yang sejalan dengan skopos. Akan tetapi, karena ditemukan banyak penambahan dan penghilangan, TSa dianggap tidak akurat. Menurut sudut pandang aliran fungsional akurasi tidak menjadi prioritas utama karena TSu adalah novel populer. Yang menjadi prioritas utama adalah selera dan kenyamanan pembaca TSa. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kerjasama yang baik antara penerjemah, pengarang, penyunting, dan penerbit dapat menghasilkan terjemahan berkualitas yang mampu memenuhi fungsi komunikatif dalam situasi komunikasi yang baru.

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This thesis is a criticism on the English version of Laskar Pelangi. The criticism is based on a model of text analysis using skopos fulfilment as the main criterion for successful application of translation strategies. The first step taken in this research is analysis of extratextual factors along with intratextual factors of both the source text (ST) and the target text (TT) to determine the skopos. The sample data are analyzed by identifying translation strategies to assess the fulfillment of skopos.

The finding of this research shows that TT is produced for different motive from ST. ST is produced as a tribute to the writer's most beloved teachers and best friends, while TT is produced to fulfill the reader?s expectation. The mainly used translation strategies, reduction and amplification, are successful in helping the translator to bridge the motive gap between TT and ST and produce a translation which is adequate to the skopos. Due to a lot of addition and omission, TT is deemed inaccurate.

According to the functional theory of translation, accuracy is not a main concern since ST is a popular fiction. What should be the main concern in the translation of popular fiction are target text readers' taste and comfort. This research has proved that a good cooperation among translator, ST writer, editor, and publisher can result in a high quality translation which can fulfill its communicative function in a new communicative situation."

"Textbook models which will empower thinking skills mainly include three elements, learning element, and readability element. The level of depth and breadth of materials developing knowledge containing in the textbooks is insufficient...."

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini merupakan penelitian mengenai representasi ketokohan Hasan Saleh danketokohan Daud Beureueh di dalam novel Napoleon dari Tanah Rencong dan teksteksnonsastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan narasi ketokohanHasan Saleh dan ketokohan Daud Beureueh dalam novel maupun teks-teks nonsastra.Landasan pemikiran yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini menggunakan perspektif newhistoricism. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketokohan Hasan Saleh danketokohan Daud Beureueh dalam teks novel direpresentasikan berbeda dengan teksteksnonsastra yang menjadi sumber dalam penelitian ini. Dalam teks novel,ketokohan Hasan Saleh direpresentasikan sebagai seorang yang memiliki peran besardalam berjuang, membela, dan mempertahankan hingga menyatukan kembali Acehdengan Indonesia. Akan tetapi dalam teks-teks non-sastra tersebut, nama Hasan Salehsangat sedikit dimunculkan dan banyak dikenal sebagai Pemberontak. Sebaliknya,tokoh Daud Beureueh yang nama dan riwayat hidupnya banyak dibicarakan di dalamteks-teks nonsatra, dalam novel ini direpresentasikan berbeda dengan teks-teksnonsastra tersebut. Dengan demikian, Novel Napoleon dari Tanah Rencongmerupakan novel historis yang mengungkapkan, menginformasikan, danmempertanyakan kembali kebenaran peristiwa sosial politik yang terjadi di Acehantara tahun 1942 sampai dengan tahun 1962. Sikap mengungkapkan,menginformasikan, dan mempertanyakan kembali kebenaran sejarah sesuai denganperspektif new historicism yang memahami setiap segi realitas tertuang dalam teksdan struktur sosial ditentukan oleh ?praktik diskursif? yang dominan, sehingga harusdipertanyakan lagi kebenarannya.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis is a study on the representation of Hasan saleh and Daud Beureuehin the Napoleon dari Tanah Rencong. This study aims to reveal the figure of HasanSaleh and Daud Beureueh in the novel as literary text and also in the non-literarytexts (history texts). The frame of reference used is new historicism perspective. Theresult showed that the representation of Hasan Saleh and Daud Beureueh is revealeddifferently in both of the text. The name of Hasan Saleh as a fighter that has big partto preserve the Independence of Indonesia, is not more appeared in non-literary work(history texts). The name of Hasan Saleh in most non-literary work onlysynchronized as a rebel. On the other hand, Daud Beureueh, whose name andbiography is mentioned over and over in the most of non-literary texts, in the novel,is represented differently. Thus, this novel is a historical trying to prove, to tellinformation and to question the truth of history regarding to the history of socialpolitical events taking place in Aceh from 1942 up to 1962. The way of trying toprove, to tell information, and to question the truth of history appropriate with newhistoricism perspective that appreciate the fact in texts and social structure is basedon dominant ?discursive practice? that have to be questionable;This thesis is a study on the representation of Hasan saleh and Daud Beureuehin the Napoleon dari Tanah Rencong. This study aims to reveal the figure of HasanSaleh and Daud Beureueh in the novel as literary text and also in the non-literarytexts (history texts). The frame of reference used is new historicism perspective. Theresult showed that the representation of Hasan Saleh and Daud Beureueh is revealeddifferently in both of the text. The name of Hasan Saleh as a fighter that has big partto preserve the Independence of Indonesia, is not more appeared in non-literary work(history texts). The name of Hasan Saleh in most non-literary work onlysynchronized as a rebel. On the other hand, Daud Beureueh, whose name andbiography is mentioned over and over in the most of non-literary texts, in the novel,is represented differently. Thus, this novel is a historical trying to prove, to tellinformation and to question the truth of history regarding to the history of socialpolitical events taking place in Aceh from 1942 up to 1962. The way of trying toprove, to tell information, and to question the truth of history appropriate with newhistoricism perspective that appreciate the fact in texts and social structure is basedon dominant ?discursive practice? that have to be questionable;This thesis is a study on the representation of Hasan saleh and Daud Beureuehin the Napoleon dari Tanah Rencong. This study aims to reveal the figure of HasanSaleh and Daud Beureueh in the novel as literary text and also in the non-literarytexts (history texts). The frame of reference used is new historicism perspective. Theresult showed that the representation of Hasan Saleh and Daud Beureueh is revealeddifferently in both of the text. The name of Hasan Saleh as a fighter that has big partto preserve the Independence of Indonesia, is not more appeared in non-literary work(history texts). The name of Hasan Saleh in most non-literary work onlysynchronized as a rebel. On the other hand, Daud Beureueh, whose name andbiography is mentioned over and over in the most of non-literary texts, in the novel,is represented differently. Thus, this novel is a historical trying to prove, to tellinformation and to question the truth of history regarding to the history of socialpolitical events taking place in Aceh from 1942 up to 1962. The way of trying toprove, to tell information, and to question the truth of history appropriate with newhistoricism perspective that appreciate the fact in texts and social structure is basedon dominant ‘discursive practice’ that have to be questionable;This thesis is a study on the representation of Hasan saleh and Daud Beureuehin the Napoleon dari Tanah Rencong. This study aims to reveal the figure of HasanSaleh and Daud Beureueh in the novel as literary text and also in the non-literarytexts (history texts). The frame of reference used is new historicism perspective. Theresult showed that the representation of Hasan Saleh and Daud Beureueh is revealeddifferently in both of the text. The name of Hasan Saleh as a fighter that has big partto preserve the Independence of Indonesia, is not more appeared in non-literary work(history texts). The name of Hasan Saleh in most non-literary work onlysynchronized as a rebel. On the other hand, Daud Beureueh, whose name andbiography is mentioned over and over in the most of non-literary texts, in the novel,is represented differently. Thus, this novel is a historical trying to prove, to tellinformation and to question the truth of history regarding to the history of socialpolitical events taking place in Aceh from 1942 up to 1962. The way of trying toprove, to tell information, and to question the truth of history appropriate with newhistoricism perspective that appreciate the fact in texts and social structure is basedon dominant ‘discursive practice’ that have to be questionable, This thesis is a study on the representation of Hasan saleh and Daud Beureuehin the Napoleon dari Tanah Rencong. This study aims to reveal the figure of HasanSaleh and Daud Beureueh in the novel as literary text and also in the non-literarytexts (history texts). The frame of reference used is new historicism perspective. Theresult showed that the representation of Hasan Saleh and Daud Beureueh is revealeddifferently in both of the text. The name of Hasan Saleh as a fighter that has big partto preserve the Independence of Indonesia, is not more appeared in non-literary work(history texts). The name of Hasan Saleh in most non-literary work onlysynchronized as a rebel. On the other hand, Daud Beureueh, whose name andbiography is mentioned over and over in the most of non-literary texts, in the novel,is represented differently. Thus, this novel is a historical trying to prove, to tellinformation and to question the truth of history regarding to the history of socialpolitical events taking place in Aceh from 1942 up to 1962. The way of trying toprove, to tell information, and to question the truth of history appropriate with newhistoricism perspective that appreciate the fact in texts and social structure is basedon dominant ‘discursive practice’ that have to be questionable]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Ayah karya Andrea Hirata. Novel Ayah sebagai sumber data penelitian dan kutipan teks berbentuk narasi yang mengandung nilai pendidikan sebagai data. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik dokumentasi, baca, dan catat. Tahapan teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara reduksi data, penyajian data, serta penyimpulan dan verifikasi hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) temuan nilai-nilai pendidikan karakter dalam novel Ayah karya Andrea Hirata terdiri dari lima belas nilai yakni: religius, jujur, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, cinta tanah air, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat/komunikatif, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli sosial, dan tanggung jawab (2) kontribusi novel Ayah karya Andrea Hirata terhadap pengajaran Sastra Indonesia adalah pemanfaatan novel sebagai bahan untuk pengembangan nilai pendidikan karakter di sekolah terutama dalam pengajaran Sastra Indonesia khususnya teks novel."

"Tesis ini berjudul Representasi Tokoh Timur Dalam Novel Gai-Jin Karya James Clavell. Tujuan tesis ini adalah melihat bagaimana tokoh-tokoh Timur direpresentasikan dalam sebuah novel yang ditulis oleh pengarang Barat, serta mencari ideologi yang ada dalam representasi tersebut. Caranya adalah dengan memilih tokoh-tokoh Barat dan Timur dari semua tokoh yang ada dalam Gai-Jin. Tokoh-tokoh ini kemudian dikelompokkan dan dibahas satu persatu dalam kaitannya dengan representasi tokoh Timur, dan dicari ideologi apa yang beroperasi di balik representasi itu.Kesimpulan yang dapat diambil adalah bahwa dalam representasi tokoh Timur pada novel Gai-Jin superioritas Barat atas Timur lebih dominan. Dominasi ini ditunjukkan dengan halus dan dengan berbagai cara oleh pengarang.

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How Oriental Characters Are Represented in James Clavell's Gai-JinThe title of this thesis is Representasi Tokoh Timur Dalam Novel Gai-Jin Karya James Clavell, or How Oriental Characters Are Represented in James Clavell's Gai-Jin. The purpose of the thesis is to examine the wary Oriental characters are represented in a novel written by an Occidental author, and to pinpoint the ideology working within the representation. In order to do so, a number of both Occidental and Oriental characters have been chosen out of all the characters in Gai-Jin. These characters are then categorized and analyzed in relation to how Oriental characters are represented, in search of the ideology operating behind the representation.The conclusion is that in Gai-Jin Occidental superiority over the Orient can be seen through the representation of the Oriental characters. The author in subtle and various ways shows the superiority."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis representasi Muhammad dalam novel The Satanic Verses karya Salman Rusdhie. Analisis dilakukan dengan dua cara, yaitu: (1) memeriksa bagaimana sejarah Muhammad direpresentakan dalam teks novel, (2) memeriksa posisi pengarang dalam menciptakan representasi tersebut. Penelitian tidak hanya dilakukan terhadap representasi sosok Muhammad lewat tokoh Mahound, tetapi juga berkembang kepada representasi penggunaan nama istri-istri Nabi sebagai pelacur, representasi ayat-ayat suci, dan representasi tokoh Imam (yang dianggap mempunyai kemiripan dengan Ayatullah Khomeini), dan penggunaan nama Ayesha bagi nama dua tokoh perempuan jahat yaitu qesh-Ayesha dan Indian-Ayesha.Analis dilakukan dengan bantuan perangkat teori representasi oleh Stuart Hall dan olth Foucault. Analisis secara keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa teks ini menawarkan wacana `keraguan' sebagai sebuah alternatif terhadap agama yang dianggap memaksakan wacana tunggal kebenaran.Wacana 'keraguan' dalam prakteknya muncul dalam teks melalui pelampauan oposisi biner. Teks menunjukkan besarnya kekuasaan pengarang dalam tindakan representasi.

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This research aims to analyse the representation of Muhammad in The Satanic Verses by Salman Rusdhie. The analysis is done by two ways; first, how the history of Muhammad is represented in the text, second, the position of the author in creating the representation. The analysis not only focuses on Mahound who represents Muhammad, but also on the representation of the use of the prophet's wives names as whores, the satanic verses, the character of imam (who is considered bearing the resemblance with Ayatollah Khomeini), and the use of the name Ayesha in two devilish female characters, Desh-Ayesha and Indian-Ayesha.

This analysis uses the theory of representation by Stuart Hall and Foucault. At the end, analysis shows that the text offers a discourse of `doubt' as alternatives to religion, which is considered as the sole truth. In practice, the discourse emerges beyond binary opposition. The text shows how the author has absolute control over representation."