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"Kayu dari hutan rakyat Indonesia mempunyai daya saing di pasar internasional. Namun, petani hutan rakyat masih kesulitan mendapatkan pembiayaan dari bank syariah. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai profitabilitas dan keunggulan komparatif pada usahatani hutan rakyat pola pertanaman sengon, dihitung dengan menggunakan metode PAM dimana parameter-parameter analisisnya menunjukkan hasil baik. Bagi bank syariah, hasil tersebut mengindikasikan jika pembiayaan pada usahatani hutan rakyat tersebut akan menguntungkan. Aplikasi pembiayaan yang coba diterapkan adalah dengan menggunakan akad Bai? Salam. Lebih jauh penelitian ini juga merancang pola aplikasi pembiayaan yang diharap dapat menguntungkan bagi bank syariah dan petani hutan rakyat.

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Wood which is produced from the community forest of Indonesia has competitiveness in the international market. Nevertheless, community forest farmers still have problems in getting funding from the syaria bank. This research discusses about the profitability and comparative superiority in community forest farming with sengon cropping pattern. It is analyzed with PAM method where the parameters of the analysis show good results. For the syaria bank, it indicates that the funding for community forest farming can be advantageous. Bai? Salam contract is tried to be applied for this kind of funding. Furthermore, this research also designs the pattern of application for the funding which is expected to be beneficial for both the syaria bank and community forest farmers."

"Perkembangan teknologi digital belakangan ini telah membawa banyak manfaat bagi kehidupan sehari-hari. Salah satu perkembangan tersebut adalah tumbuh berkembangnya e-commerce, e-banking, serta produk nonprofit seperti layanan daring penggalangan dana. Di Indonesia, pertumbuhan platform digital penggalangan dana berbasis internet cukup pesat. Mayoritas penggalangan dana daring di Indonesia merupakan penggalangan dana di bidang kemanusiaan, walau begitu terdapat juga situs web penggalangan dana untuk lingkungan seperti Lindungi Hutan LH . Pada saat penelitian ini dikembangkan, situs web LH masih memiliki tingkat adopsi yang rendah dengan jumlah pengunjung 3.700 kunjungan dan 23 orang berdonasi dalam periode 5 bulan. Dari survei yang dilaksanakan, sekitar 46.88 responden belum tertarik untuk berdonasi karena kurang memahami cara berdonasi. Hal ini menunjukkan website Lindungi Hutan masih belum menawarkan user Experience UX yang memadai untuk menarik donatur. Beberapa penelitian menemukan faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi kemauan orang untuk memberi dana, seperti sumber daya yang dimiliki dan faktor lingkungan di mana orang dapat berdonasi dengan mudah, cepat, dan nyaman. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan apa saja yang perlu dilakukan dari segi usability untuk beberapa fitur website donasi LH. Dengan partisipasi 28 responden yang merupakan pengguna baru website LH, dilakukan usability testing dan postsession questionnaire menggunakan QUIS. Hasil pengujian pengguna website menunjukkan beberapa strategi peningkatan yang dapat dilakukan pada website Lindungi Hutan yang kemudian diperingkat menggunakan TOPSIS. Diantaranya adalah meningkatkan kemudahan mengakses informasi, menggunakan gambar atau logo yang representatif, serta konsistensi dalam penggunaan bahasa pada website.

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The recent development of digital technology has brought many benefits to everyday life. One such development is the growth of e commerce, e banking, and nonprofit products such as online fundraising services. In Indonesia, the growth of digital fund based fundraising platform is quite rapid. The majority of online fundraising in Indonesia is fundraising in the humanitarian field, though there are also environmental fundraising websites such as Protect Forest LH . At the time this study was developed, the LH website still had a low adoption rate with a total of 3,700 visitors and 23 donors in a 5 month period. From the survey conducted, approximately 46.88 of respondents have not been interested to donate because they do not understand how to donate. This shows the Protect Forest website still not offering sufficient user Experience UX to attract donors. Several studies have found factors that can influence people to provide funds, such as resources and environmental factors in which people can donate easily, quickly, and comfortably. Therefore, this study was conducted to find out what improvement needs to be done in terms of usability for some features of LH donation website. With the participation of 28 respondents who are new users of LH website, usability testing and postsession questionnaire using QUIS were done. The test results of website users show some improvement strategies that can be implemented on the website Lindungi Hutan which was rated using TOPSIS. Some of the strategies are accommodate easier access to information, using a representative image or logo, as well as consistency in the use of language on the website. "

"ABSTRAKAfter four years of implementation of the Village Fund Program, although there were concrete results from the implementation of programs such as the establishment of various basic infrastructures in many villages, the number of cases of misuse of village funds by village heads showed that there were still serious problems in the governance of program implementation and accountability. In many cases, this is due to the ineffective participation of the village community in implementing the program. There is no community participation at all, or even if the community participate, their inability to support the weak village governments in managing village funds properly has resulted in the ineffective implementation of programs and uncontrolled corruption. In this regard, there is a strong correlation of the level of competence and public education with the effectiveness of community participation. A better level of community knowledge will not only increase the level of community participation in the process of policymaking and the implementation of the program but also the quality of the policies made and the results of programs that affect the community. To implement the Village Fund Program effectively and to derive better results through more effective community participation, the Indonesian Government must focus its efforts on increasing communitys capacity to participate in program implementation both through formal and informal education or enhance the role of Non Governmental Organizations in community empowerment. "

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku donasi dan potensi filantropiwarga Nahdhatul Ulama dalam menyalurkan donasi zakat, infak, dan sedekah sertapersepsi mereka tentang keputusan memilih untuk mendonasikan dana ZIS diLembaga Amil Zakat Infak dan Shadaqah (Lazisnu). Penelitian ini menggunakanpendekatan kuantitatif, yang berlokasikan di 15 kota dan kabupaten di Indonesia.Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan non-probabilitysampling, dengan salah satu metode yang digunakan adalah convenience sampling.Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan Structural Equation Modeling(SEM) menggunakan aplikasi AMOS versi 23. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwawarga Nahdhatul Ulama memiliki perilaku donasi dan potensi filantropi yang baik,hal tersebut tergambar dari nilai signfikansi setiap variabel eksogen yaitu pelayanandengan nilai p = 0,003, promosi dengan nilai p= 0,040, lokasi dengan nilai p = 0,012,religiusitas dengan nilai p = 0,024, preferensi dengan nilai p = 0,021, dan lingkungandengan nilai p = 0,29. Keseluruhan variabel memiliki pengaruh positif terhadapvariabel endogen yaitu keputusan memilih warga Nahdhatul Ulama pada lazisnusebagai tempat penyaluran donasi zakat, infak, dan sedekah.

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the behavior of donations and philanthropic potential ofNahdhatul Ulama residents in channeling donations of zakah, infaq and shadaqa aswell as their perceptions about choosing a decision to donate ZIS funds in Lazisnu.This study uses a quantitative approach, which is located in 15 cities and districts inIndonesia. The sampling technique in this study used non-probability sampling, withone method used was convenience sampling. The data obtained were then analyzedby Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the AMOS application version 23. Theresults showed that Nahdhatul Ulama residents had good donation behavior andphilanthropic potential, this was illustrated by the significance value of eachexogenous variable namely service with a value of p = 0.003, promotion with a valueof p = 0.040, location with a value of p = 0.012, religiosity with a value of p = 0.024,preference with a value of p = 0.021, and an environment with a value of p = 0.29.The entire variable has a positive influence on endogenous variables, namely theintention of the Nahdhatul Ulama residents to choose Lazisnu as a place to channelcharity donations, infaq, and shadaqa.

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"The new paradigm of agricultural development placed Agricultural -demand-led-industrialization (ADLI) strategy as an industraliaziation strategy emphasizing agriculture development program and setting the agriculture sector as a prime mover of industry and other sectors...."

"Pendapatan rata-rata masyarakat Hutan Desa Pattaneteang dan Hutan Desa Campaga masih belum ideal. Kondisi ini di duga menjadi pemicu masyarakat Hutan Desa Pattaneteang dan Hutan Desa Campaga untuk memanfaatkan lahan di dalam Hutan Desa yang berada pada kawasan hutan. Oleh karena itu, perlu diketahui pengaruh pendapatan masyarakat Hutan Desa Pattaneteang dan Hutan Desa Campaga dari luar dari dalam Hutan Desa pada lahan kelola masyarakat sebagai salah satu indikator kelestarian kawasan hutan lindung. Pendekatan kuantatif digunakan dalam riset ini dipergunakan untuk menganalisis data hasil lapangan dan data sekunder sebagai data pembanding. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan masyarakat Hutan Desa Pattaneteang lebih besar dari luar Hutan Desa Pattaneteang sebesar Rp. 14.060.500/KK/tahun sedangkan dari dalam Hutan Desa sebesar Rp. 3.338.000/KK/tahun. Pendapatan masyarakat Hutan Desa Campaga lebih besar dari luar Hutan Desa sebesar Rp. 14.567.000/KK/tahun sedangkan dari dalam Hutan Desa Campaga sebesar Rp. 7.682.750/KK/tahun. Pendapatan tersebut berpengaruh pada lahan kelola masyarakat sebagai indikator kondisi kelestarian kawasan hutan lindung di kedua desa.

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Average income of Pattaneteang and Campaga rural community aren rsquo t ideal. This condition is resulting land utilization of rural forest in preserved forest area to increase their income and threats the forest sustainability in both rural community. Therefore, it is necessary to note the influence from both rural community income either from inside nor outside the rural forest on community management land as one of the indicators of to preserved forest sustainability. The quantitative approach used in this research is used to analyze field and secondary data as comparative data. From the research it is know, the biggest Pattaneteang income is gain by using land outside the rural forest worth Rp. 14.060.500 Family Year, while using land inside rural forest only worth Rp. 3.338.000 Family Year. For the Campaga income is gain by using land outside the rural forest worth Rp. 14.567.000 Family Year, while using land inside rural forest only worth Rp. 7.682.750 Family Year. This income affects the community management land as an indicator of the condition of preservation of protected forest areas in both of the rural.Keyword rural community income, rural forest, income from outside rural forest, income from inside rural forest, and sustainability of preserved forest area."

"[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan wholesale funding terhadap penyaluran pinjaman bank pada periode krisis. Penelitian ini menggunakan data laporan keuangan triwulanan dari bank umum yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2007-2010. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan wholesale funding selama periode krisis secara signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap penyaluran pinjaman bank. Hal ini menandakan bank yang mengandalkan atau bergantung pada wholesale funding ketika krisis mengalami penurunan pinjaman lebih besar dibandingkan bank yang lebih sedikit menggunakan wholesale funding., This study aims to analyse the effect of wholesale funding use on bank lending activity during crisis. This study uses the data from financial statements of commercial banks which are listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2007 to 2010. The result shows that wholesale funding use during crisis significantly gives negative impact on bank lending. The result suggests that banks that rely heavily on wholesale funding during crisis contract lending more severely compared to banks that use less wholesale funding.]"

"Pemenuhan kebutuhan pangan adalah salah satu masalah dunia termasuk Indonesia. Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk menyebabkan meningkatnya kebutuhan pangan yang membuat produksi yang ada tidak mencukupi lagi. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk mencukupi kebutuhan pangan adalah dengan meningkatkan produksi melalui program intensifikasi, yaitu dengan penggunaan benih unggul, pupuk dan pestisida kimia sintetis, dan sistem pertanaman monokultur. Pada awalnya usaha tersebut mendatangkan hasil, yaitu dengan tercapainya swasembada beras, namun hal itu temyata hanya berjalan lima tahun. Setelah itu produktivitas menurun kembali dan malah kemudian timbul dampak yang disebabkan oleh penggunaan pupuk dan pestisida kimia yang berlebihan. Hal tersebut juga berpengaruh terhadap keamanan pangan dan kesehatan lingkungan.Berdasarkan keprihatinan pada hal tersebut di atas, ditambah lagi dengan berkembangnya gaya hidup sehat maka timbulah gerakan untuk menerapkan kembali pertanian organik.Pertanian organik adalah pertanian yang tidak menggunakan input yang berbahan kimia, serta menerapkan manajemen yang berupaya memelihara ekosistem untuk mencapai produktivitas yang berkelanjutan. Teknologi yang digunakan dalam pertanian organik adalah pertanian yang sesuai dengan kaidah alam, seperti pendaurulangan limbah pertanian, rotasi tanaman, pembuatan guludan, terasering, pengendalian hama secara mekanis dan biologis, dan lain-lain.Melalui teknologi seperti tersebut diatas, membuat pertanian organik dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, meningkatkan keanekaragaman hayati, meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan hidup dan menghasilkan produk yang aman untuk dikonsumsi.Meskipun pertanian organik mempunyai banyak kegunaan, akan tetapi penerapannya di Indonesia masih sangat sedikit (1%). Hal inilah yang menimbulkan pertanyaan.Berdasarkan hal tersebut di atas maka secara umum tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan informasi tenting pertanian organik, manfaat serta biayanya, kelayakannya serta hambatan-hambatan dalam penerapannya untuk kemudian dicarikan jalan keluamya berupa strategi pengembangan pertanian organik. Untuk itu tujuan khusus penelitian adalah (1) mendeskripsikan penerapan pertanian organik pada lahan sawah, (2) rnelihat perbandingan manfaat biaya ants a pertanian organik dengan pertanian anorganik, (3) menganalisis kelayakan penggunaan pertanian organik berdasarkan manfaat dan biayanya, (4) mengapaiisis faktor-faktor yang menghambat penerapan pertanian organik oleh petani, (5) menganalisis Iangkah-langkah dalam upaya mengembangkan pertanian organik.Penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan with and without, berlokasi di Desa Patoman sebagai lokasi penerap pertanian organik, dan Desa Panutan, Bumi Ratu dan Tugusari sebagai lokasi pertanian anorganik. Semua berlokasi di Kecamatan Pagelaran, Propinsi Lampung.Penelitian bersifat deskriptif analitis, sedangkan dilihat dari kejadiannya maka metode yang digunakan adalah metode ex post facto. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui studi literartur, observasi langsung dan wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner.Analisis data dilakukan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis kualitatif yang dilakukan digunakan untuk tujuan pertama dari penelitian ini. Analisis kuantitatif yang digunakan antara lain analisis usahatani, Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (BJC Rasio), analisis sensitivitas, analisis SWOT.Kesimpulan penelitian yang diperoleh sebagai berikut (1) penerapan pertanian organik di Desa Patoman belum sepenuhnya mengacu pada pedoman umum pertanian organik yang dikeluarkan oleh Departemen Pertanian, sehingga belum bisa dikatakan sebagai penerap pertanian organik secara murni, (2) selain manfaat secara langsung, ada manfaat lain yang dperoleh dari penerapan pertanian organik, yaitu manfaat tidak langsung berupa peningkatan kesuburan tanah, kesehatan lingkungan kerja, serta manfaat lainnya seperti manfaat pilihan yang berupa meningkatnya keanekaragaman hayati, (3) berdasarkan analisis finansial yang dilaksanakan dengan periode waktu 5 tahun dan suku bunga 15% diperoleh hasil bahwa pertanian anorganik lebih Iayak dilaksanakan daripada pertanian organik, namun jika berdasarkan analisis ekonomi dan lingkungan terpadu diperoleh hasil bahwa pertanian organik lebih layak dilaksanakan daripada pertanian anorganik (4) hambatan-hambatan yang dialami dalam pengembangan organik adalah: ketersediaan pupuk dan pestisida organik; terbatasnya informasi mengenai teknologi terapan, pembuatan pupuk dan pestisida organik yang praktis dan cepat; status kepemilikan lahan; prosesnya dianggap kurang praktis; terjadi penurunan produksi pada awal penerapannya; tidak adanya perbedaan harga antara produk organik dengan anorganik dan kurangnya dukungan pemerintah (5) strategi kebijakan yang dapat ditempuh dalam pengembangan pertanian organik adalah mengatasi adanya penurunan produksi pada awal penerapannya dengan memanfaatkan sifat pertanian organik yang dapat menyuburkan tanah; mengatasi adanya hambatan informasi baik dalam hal teknologi, pasar maupun harga serta memperbaiki jaringan pemasaran dengan memberdayakan program pemerintah dan LSM-LSM yang peduli pada pertanian organik; Melengkapi kurangnya sarana dan prasarana pertanian organik;Berdasarkan hasil penelitian di atas maka disarankan sebagai berikut: (1) pertanian organik perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut mengingat dalam jangka panjang lebih Iayak dilaksanakan dan dapat membuat keberlanjutan pertanian (2) dalam pengembangan pertanian organik diperlukan dukungan yang nyata dari berbagai pihak terutama pemerintah, lembaga penelitian, LSM dan mayarakat; perlu adanya suatu pedoman penerapan perianian organik yang praktis dan mudah dilakukan serta mudah diperoleh oleh masyarakat luas; diperlukan adanya penelitian-penelitian lebih lanjut dan memadai tentang pertanian organik (3) untuk memasyarakatkan kembali pertanian organik dapat dilakukan dengan penyuluhan pada para petani dan sosialisasi pada masyarakat tentang produk organik.Daftar Kepustakaan 43, (1971-2004)

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One of the issues that the world, and Indonesia, is facing is to meet human population's demand for food. The rapid population growth result in the increasing demand for food which cannot be fulfilled sustained by the prevailing production system food production. Thus far to increase food production has been met through agricultural intensification. This Programmed includes the use of high-yielding seed, synthetic chemicals fertilizers and pesticides, and monoculture. In the beginning, the programmed seemed to be successful when Indonesia achieved rice self-sufficiency. However, the success only lasted five years, and rice productivity has been declining since. Furthermore, adverse impact have emerged as result of the excessive use chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

The decline in productivity is caused by the decreasing fertility of agricultural land as due to the overuse of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides. This overuse of synthetic chemicals also affects food safety and environmental health.

Based on these concern along with the need for more healthy public lifestyle, a movement to return to organic farming emerged.

Organic farming is a type of farming, which excludes chemical inputs, and practices management that protects ecosystems achieve sustainable productivity. Technologies in organic farming support an agricultural system suitable with the principles of nature, such as recycling of agricultural wastes, plant rotations, the making of guludan, terasering, mechanical and biological pest control.

By using these technologies, organic farming raises soil fertility, biological diversity, environmental quality, and produce products that are safe for human consumption.

Despite the various benefits of organic farming, its application in Indonesia remains low (1 percent), which then raises an important issue of why.

The objective of this research is to obtain information about organic farming, its benefits as well as its costs, its feasibility, and the obstacles in applying it. This information is used to formulate a strategy of organic farming development. The specific objectives of this research are (1) to describe the application of organic farming on rice field, (2) to draw benefit-cost comparison between organic farming and anorganic farming, (3) to analyze the feasibility of the application of organic farming based on its benefits and cost, (4) to analyze factors that restrain the application of organic farming by farmers, and (5) to analyze the needed measures to develop organic farming.

This research uses a 'with' and `without' approach, in Patoman Village with organic farming, and Panutan village, Bumi Ratu and Tugu Sari without organic farming. The research area is located in Pagelaran District, Lampung Province.

The research is descriptive-analytical, and use the ex-post facto method. Data collection has been carried out through interviews using questionnaire, direct observation and literature study.

Data analysis is conducted qualitatively and quantitatively. The qualitative analysis is used to meet the first objective of this research. The quantitative analysis includes farming business analysis (analsis usahatani), Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit Cost Ratio (WC Ratio), Sensitivity analysis, and SWOT analysis.

The results of this research are as follows: (1) the application of organic farming in Patoman Village has not completely been in accordance with the general guidelines of organic farming issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture, and hence does not meet the tuff requirements of organic farming; (2) besides the direct benefits, there are other benefits from organic farming, such as increased soil fertility, increased health condition of the work environment, and increase of biological diversity. In terms of the cost, there is a reduction of cost if organic farming Is implemented; (3) the financial analysis of the application of organic farming within a five-year period, using an interest rate of 5 percent, proves anorganic farming is more feasible than organic farming; however based on the integrated economic and environmental analysis, it proves that organic farming is more feasible than anorganic farming; (4) the obstacles in developing organic farming include the provision of organic fertilizers and pesticides; the limited information of applied technology for a practical and fast production of organic fertilizers and pesticides; land tenure status; the impracticality of the process; the decline of production at the initial stage of the application; the absence of price differences between organic and anorganic products, and the minimum support from the government; (5) the policy strategy which can be implemented in developing organic farming is to overcome the production decline at the initial stage of the application by taking advantage of the nature of the organic farming that can increase soil fertility; to overcome information bafflers regarding technology, market and price; to improve the marketing network by making efficient use of government programs as well as non-governmental organizations that support organic farming; and to equip farmers with adequate facilities for organic farming.

Based on results of this research, it is recommended that: (1) organic farming needs to be further developed knowing that in the long run it is more feasible than anorganic fanning to create sustainable agriculture; (2) to develop an organic farming, significant support is needed from different parties, particularly from, the government, research institutions, non-governmental organizations, and the public as producers and consumers,; it is also necessary to develop practical and easily obtainable guidelines in organic farming. Further appropriate research on organic farming is needed (3) to promote organic farming, educating and training the farmers as well as socialization to the public are necessary.

References 43, (1971-2004)"