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ABSTRAKSintesis Zeolit NaY menggunakan sumber alam alumina dan silika memiliki banyak
tantangan. Berfokus pada pengurangan bahan sintetis, dalam penelitian ini, sintesis telah
dilakukan menggunakan kaolin alam Bangka Belitung sebagai sumber silika dan
alumina. Pre-treatment pada kaolin diperlukan melalui proses aktivasi, pemurnian, dan
kalsinasi. Selanjutnya, zeolit NaY juga disintesis menggunakan kaolin alami sebagai
sumber silika dan alumina dengan beberapa jenis benih yang dibuat dari sumber silika
yang berbeda, yaitu Ludox HS40, Na-silikat, dan NaY komersil dari Wako. Semua
material kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, FTIR, dan SEM-EDX. Dapat
dilihat bahwa seed dari Ludox HS40 memberikan NaY terbaik. Tapi, zeolite NaP
menjadi pengotor utama. Rasio Si/Al NaY zeolit adalah ~1.78 dengan bentuk pola
difraksi mirip dengan yang ada dalam literatur. Sehingga disimpulkan, sintesis NaY
menggunakan aluminasilika alam sebagai sumber silika dan alumina cukup berhasil.
Hasil uji perengkahan memperlihatkan jika katalis dengan material sintetik (HY
sintetik) memiliki persen konversi, yield dan selektivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan
dengan katalis dengan campuran bahan alam (HY MKSE dan HY SE). Namun, setiap
katalis memiliki persen yield dan selektivitas lebih tinggi terhadap produk C5
dibandingkan dengan produk lainnya.
ABSTRACT Synthesis of sodium Y zeolite (NaY Zeolite) using natural sources of alumina and silica
is interesting yet challenging. Focused on reducing synthetic material, in this research,
synthesis has been carried out using Bangka natural Kaolin as silica and alumina
sources. Pretreatment on kaolin was needed through the process of activation,
purification, and calcination. The purpose of activation process is to remove the polar
impurities, free oxides in the surface that cover up the pores, and release the water that
trapped in the pores of the materials. The purification was conducted using Na-acetate
buffer solution with ratio 1:3 (w/v). The calcination process was required because Si-O
and Al-O structures in Kaolin are inactive and inert. Synthesis of NaY zeolite was
conducted with the addition seed gel using hydrothermal method with 24 hours at the
temperature 100 oC for crystallization. Furthermore, NaY zeolites were also synthesized
using natural kaolin as silica and alumina sources with several types of seeds made from
different silica sources, i.e Ludox HS40, Na-silicate, and NaY zeolite from Wako . All
materials then were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. It can be seen that
seed from Ludox HS40 gives the best NaY. But, NaP zeolite becomes the main
impurities. The Si/Al ratio of NaY zeolite is ~1.78 but the shape of the crystals is
similar to that in literature. To conclude, synthesis of NaY using natural
aluminasilicates as source is considerably successful. The cracking test results show if
the catalyst with synthetic material (HY synthetic) has a higher percent conversion,
yield and selectivity compared to a catalyst with a mixture of natural materials (HY
MKSE and HY SE). However, each catalyst has a higher percent yield and selectivity
for C5 products compared to other products."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2018
