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"Using information on household expenditure from the l994Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (l 994 lDl?lS). it is found that thereis substantial variation in the level and distribution of household expenditurein indonesia. Most households in Indonesia spend more money each month forfood than non-food items. In addition. poorer provinces (as measured by totalmonthly household expenditure levels) tend to have greater inequality in thedistribution of wealth. However, in general Indonesia's is not typified by majorregional variations in the equality of household expenditure. Households withhigh expenditure levels are more likely to use contraception than householdswith low expenditure levels. In terms of individual methods, women residingin wealthier households are more likely to be using injectables and femalesterilization, which suggest that poor accessibility and the cost of thesemethods may be discouraging use among poorer women. However, implantprevalence is greater in households with lower spending levels: while pills.lUDs, condoms, and male sterilization do not have clear patterns ofassociation with household expenditure levels. As has been noted in previousstudies, poorer households rely more on public sector reproductive healthservices (family planning, prenatal and delivery services). Households withhigh expenditure levels rely more upon private hospitals. pharmacy/drugstores, private doctors and private family planning' clinics for their familyplanning care. Households with the lowest expenditure levels rely primarilyupon fieldworkers/PKLB, mobile units, traditional healers/dukuns,government health centers (puskesmas), and government health posts(posyandu). It is important to note that private sector social marketingprograms designed to offer methods through commercial outlets have beenless readilv utilized by Indonesia 's poorer households. Continuing efforts areneeded to ensure that poorer households are able to gain access to familyplanning services. primarily through lower cost public sector providers andsegmented commercial distribution systems."

"Jaminan Persalinan (Jampersal) merupakan salah satu upaya terobosan untuk memberikan kemudahan bagi masyarakat dalam hal ini ibu hamil untuk memperoleh pembiayaan persalinan, sehingga masyarakat terutama ibu hamil dapat terakses seluruhnya oleh persalinan yang aman dan sehat. Dengan Jaminan persalinan ini diharapkan AKI dan AKB dan dapat diturunkan. Indikator keberhasilan Jampersal adalah adanya peningkatan cakupan pelayanan KIA dan KB. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil pencapaian pelayanan KIA dan KB sebagai indikator keberhasilan Jampersal. Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif terhadap data-data sekunder hasil pencapaian pelayanan KIA dan KB. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan sampel yang diambil adalah semua pelayanan KIA dan KB. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan evaluasi summatif, karena hanya melakukan penelitian terhadap data-data hasil akhir dari suatu program. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil pencapaian pelayanan KIA dan KB sebelum dan sesudah adanya kebijakan Jampersal di Kecamatan Cisaat Kabupaten Sukabumi pada tahun 2010 dan 2011. Sedangkan pencapaian pelayanan Jampersal belum bisa mendongkrak terhadap hasil peningkatan pencapaian pelayanan KIA dan KB di Kecamatan Cisaat Kabupaten Sukabumi. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi terhadap peningkatan hasil pencapaian pelayanan KIA dan KB di Kecamatan Cisaat Kabupaten Sukabumi.

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Delivery Assurance (Jampersal) is one of the groundbreaking effort to provide convenience to the public in this case pregnant women to obtain financing labor, so that people, especially pregnant women can be accessed entirely by the delivery of safe and healthy. With this delivery guarantee is expected to MMR and IMR and can be derived. Jampersal success indicator is the presence of increasing coverage of MCH services and family planning.

The research was conducted to determine the increase in the achievement of MCH and family planning as an indicator of success Jampersal. This study is a descriptive study of secondary data achievement MCH and family planning. The study design uses a quantitative approach to the samples taken are all MCH and family planning services. This type of research is the evaluation summatif, because just doing research on outcomes data from a program.

The analysis showed that there was an increase in the achievement of MCH and family planning services before and after the policy in the District Cisaat Jampersal Sukabumi district in 2010 and 2011. While the achievement of service have not been able to boost Jampersal against the resulting increase in the achievement of MCH and family planning services in the District Cisaat Sukabumi district. Many factors influence the achievement of improved MCH and family planning in Sub Cisaat Sukabumi district."

"Kebutuhan Keluarga Berencana (KB) yang tidak terpenuhi (unmet need) masih menjadi kendala utama KB di banyak negara dan juga Indonesia. Permasalahan yang dihadapi Indonesia antara lain tingginya angka kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi serta adanya disparitas antar wilayah karena belum meratanya pelaksanaan program KB dan kesehatan reproduksi. Misalnya, angka kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi di kawasan Indonesia timur cenderung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kawasan Indonesia barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan determinan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi di kedua kawasan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder pemutakhiran pendataan keluarga dari BKKBN tahun 2022. Sebanyak 337.623 Pasangan Usia Subur (PUS) di kawasan Indonesia timur dan 1.564.437 PUS di kawasan Indonesia barat merupakan sampel pada penelitian ini. Regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk menentukan hubungan antara umur istri, pekerjaan istri, pendidikan istri, pendidikan suami, jumlah anak hidup, kepesertaan JKN/asuransi kesehatan, keterpaparan informasi dari petugas, keterpaparan informasi dari media, dan jumlah anak ideal. Kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi sebanyak 17,7% di kawasan Indonesia timur dan 13,3% di kawasan Indonesia barat. Di kedua daerah, umur istri, pendidikan istri, pendidikan suami, jumlah anak hidup, kepesertaan JKN/asuransi kesehatan, keterpaparan informasi dari petugas, keterpaparan informasi dari media, dan jumlah anak ideal berhubungan dengan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi. Sedangkan untuk kawasan Indonesia barat, status pekerjaan istri juga berhubungan dengan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi. Determinan kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi di kawasan Indonesia timur dan barat hampir seluruhnya sama sehingga program-program untuk mengatasi kebutuhan KB yang tidak terpenuhi tidak perlu berbeda.

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Unmet need for family planning is still a major obstacle to family planning in many countries, including Indonesia. Problems faced by Indonesia include high rates of unmet need for family planning and disparities between regions due to uneven implementation of family planning and reproductive health programmes. For example, the unmet need for family planning in eastern Indonesia tends to be higher than in western Indonesia. This study aims to determine the differences in the determinants of unmet need for family planning in the two regions. The study used secondary data from the family data record update from BKKBN in 2022. A total of 337,623 fertile ages couples in eastern Indonesia and 1,564,437 fertile ages couples in western Indonesia were sampled. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the association between wife's age, wife's occupation, wife's education, husband's education, number of living children, JKN/health insurance participation, exposure to information from staff, exposure to information from the media, and ideal number of children. Unmet need for family planning was 17.7% in eastern Indonesia and 13.3% in western Indonesia. In both regions, wife's age, wife's education, husband's education, number of living children, JKN/health insurance participation, exposure to information from staff, exposure to information from the media, and ideal number of children were associated with unmet need for family planning. For western Indonesia, wife's employment status was also associated with unmet need for family planning. The determinants of unmet need for family planning in eastern and western Indonesia are almost entirely the same, so programmes to address unmet need for family planning do not need to be different."

"Wanita di Indonesia yang tidak menggunakan alat kontrasepsi cenderung mengalami peningkatan. Wanita yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi dapat mengakibatkan kehamilan tidak diinginkan dan peningkatan kejadian unmet need. Angka kejadian unmet need di Indonesia masih tinggi dan ditahun 2017 masih berada diatas target nasional yaitu 10,6%. Kejadian unmet need banyak terjadi pada wanita kawin usia 15-29 tahun untuk menjarangkan kehamilan. Terjadinya unmet need dapat dipengaruhi kurang optimalnya pemberian informasi keluarga berencana dalam pelayanan yang diberikan penyedia layanan keluarga berencana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan pelayanan keluarga berencana dengan kejadian unmet need. Desain studi yang digunakan yaitu cross-sectional dilakukan dengan menganalisis data SDKI tahun 2017. Pengujian yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji chi-square dan regresi logistik. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pelayanan keluarga berencana dengan kejadian unmet need setelah dikontrol oleh variabel usia, tingkat pendidikan, status ekonomi, dan diskusi ber-KB dengan pasangan. Wanita yang mendapatkan pelayanan keluarga berencana yang buruk memiliki peluang 5,71 kali untuk mengalami kejadian unmet need dibandingkan wanita yang mendapatkan pelayanan KB yang baik. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan peningkatan kualitas pelayanan keluarga berencana pada seluruh fasilitas kesehatan untuk meningkatkan penggunaan kontrasepsi.

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Women in Indonesia who do not use contraception tend to increase. Women who do not use contraception can result in unwanted pregnancies and an increased incidence of unmet need. The incidence of unmet need in Indonesia is still high and in 2017 it was still above the national target of 10.6%. The incidence of unmet need is common among married women aged 15-29 years to space out pregnancies. The occurrence of unmet need can be influenced by the less than optimal provision of family planning information in the services provided by family planning service providers. This study aims to analyze the relationship between family planning services and the incidence of unmet need. The study design used is a cross-sectional study conducted by analyzing the 2017 IDHS data. The tests carried out in this study were the chi-square test and logistic regression.This study found that there was a significant relationship between family planning services and the incidence of unmet need after controlling for variables of age, education level, economic status, and family planning discussions with partners. Women who received poor family planning services had a 5.71 times chance of experiencing unmet need events compared to women who received good family planning services. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of family planning services in all health facilities to increase the use of contraception.

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"Unmet need KB adalah salah satu isu yang menjadi perhatian khusus di Indonesia khususnya Jawa Barat dikarenakan masih belum mencapai target dan capaiannya di tahun 2019 mengalami peningkatan dibandingkan pada tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Unmet need merupakan persentase wanita kawin yang aktif secara seksual dan tidak ingin memiliki anak atau ingin menunda kelahiran anak berikutnya tetapi tidak menggunakan metode kontrasepsi apapun. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian unmet need KB di Jawa Barat berdasarkan data SKAP KKBPK 2019. Desain penelitian cross sectional dengan sampel penelitian adalah wanita kawin berusia 15-49 tahun di Jawa Barat sebanyak 9544 wanita yang dianalisis menggunakan uji chi square dan regresi logistik ganda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa 14,8% unmet need KB di Jawa Barat, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan adalah usia OR=0,552, tingkat ekonomi OR=0,730, jumlah anak masih hidup OR=1,651, tempat tinggal OR=1,295, paparan media massa OR=0,856, dan paparan petugas kesehatan OR=1,162. Faktor yang paling berhubungan dengan unmet need KB di Jawa Barat adalah jumlah anak masih hidup. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pemberian informasi dan akses layanan KB yang sensitif jender melalui petugas kesehatan dan media massa serta meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat agar menjadi perpanjangan tangan program KB sehingga pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang metode kontrasepsi semakin meningkat.

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The unmet need for family planning is one of the issues of special concern in Indonesia, especially in West Java because it still has not reached the targets and the percentage of unmet needs in 2019 has increased depends on previous years. Unmet need is defined as the percentage of currently married women who are sexually active and do not wanting any more children or wanting to delay the next child but are not using any method of contraception. This study aims to determine factors affecting the unmet need for family planning in West Java based on data analysis of SKAP KKBPK 2019. The study design is cross-sectional with the research sample being married women aged 15-49 years in West Java as many as 9544 women, this study was analyzed using the chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. The results showed that 14.8% of unmet need for family planning in West Java, factors related to unmet need for family planning were age OR = 0.552, economic level OR = 0.730, the number of children still living OR = 1.651, place of residence OR = 1.295, exposure of mass media OR=0.856, and exposure to health workers OR=1,162. The most related factor of unmet need for family planning in West Java is the number of children still living. Therefore, it is necessary to provide information and access to gender-sensitive family planning services through health workers and mass media with an emphasis on social media and increase community participation to become an extension of the family planning program so that knowledge and awareness society about contraceptive methods is increasing."