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"Background : Alternative complementary health service by health workers is one of the alternative treatment that can contribute to improve the health of adults and is demand by the public. implementation of complementary alternative medicine baesd on MOH regulation No. 1109/MOH/ 2007. aseessment of complementary alternative medicine policy implementation and its impact on the licencing of health workers was conducted to determine the impact on the implementation and licencing of health workers who practice complementary alternative medicine. Methods: The assessment was based on qualitative appoach in 3 provinces: Bali (Denpasar and Tabanan), West Java (Bandung District) and Central Java (Semarang and Kendal). The data collection by in depath interview and round table discussion (RTD). Health wrokers who perform complementary alternative care, SDK Head of Provincial Health Office and District/ City as well as associations or professional organizations as information resources. data analysing was done by triangulasi and and content analysis. Result: The result shown MOH regulation no. 1190 in the year 2007, interpreted differently by provinial Health Office. In the most provinces have not even been implemented. The Professional organization did not have any college to access the competence of its members, health personnel licensing requirenment more difficult than traditional healers. In adition, many professional organizations which have not been officially recognized standart of competence and have not had, and still there are associations that have not been accredited. So that the recommendations given in the framework of the licensing of health workers accountable difficult. Recomendation: Minister Regulation No. 1076 of 2003 needs to be revised to be able to distinguish clearly the competence and authority of traditional healers and health workers who practice acupunture. In addition, people can asily distinguish the difference between traditional health and complementary alternatives, including the capabilities of both. "

"Pelayanan kesehatan tenaga kesehatan merupakan salah satu alternatif meningkatkan pengobatan yang dapat berkontribusi derajat kesehatan dan dewasa ini banyak diminati oleh masyarakat. alternatif diatur dalam Permenkes Penyelenggaraan pengobatan komplementer no 1109 tahun 2007. Kajian ini dilakukan untuk implementasi dan dampaknya terhadap mengetahui perizinan tenaga kesehatan yang melakukan praktek pengobatan alternatif. Desain komplementer penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan pendekatan kualitatif, di 3 Provinsi yaitu Bali(Kota Denpasar dan Kabupaten Tabanan), Jawa Barat(Kota Bandung dan Kabupaten Bandung) dan Jawa Tengah(Kota Semarang dan Kabupaten Kendal). Pengumpulan data dengan wawancara mendalam dan round table discussion (RTD). Informan penelitian adalah tenaga kesehatan yang melakukan pelayanan komplementer alternatif, Kepala Bidang Sumber Daya Kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi dan Kabupaten/Kota serta asosiasi atau organisasi profesi. Analisis dan interpretasi data dengan triangulasi dan analisis Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perijinan tenaga kesehatan dalam pengobatan komplementer alternatif pelayanan kesehatan ditafsirkan berbeda oleh Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi. Di sebagian provinsi bahkan belum terimplementasikan. Penafsiran pasal 12 Permenkes No pendidikan terstruktur ayat 1 tentang persyaratan ditafsirkan berbeda oleh Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi. Di samping itu, organisasi profesi dan rekomendasi profesi pada pasal 13 masih belum jelas karena organisasi profesi belum mempunyai kolegium untuk menilai kompetensi anggotanya. Persyaratan perijinan tenaga kesehatan lebih sulit dibandingkan pengobat tradisional. Selain itu, banyak organisasi profesi yang belum diakui secara resmi dan belum memiliki standar kompetensi serta masih ada asosiasi yang belum terakreditasi. Saran perlu dilakukan revisi pada Permenkes no 1076 tahun 2003, sehingga dapat membedakan dengan jelas kompetensi dan kewenangan pengobatan tradisional akupuntur dan tenaga kesehatannya."

"ABSTRAKKeberhasilan Pemerintah dalam pembangunan, khususnya pembangunan kesehatan tidak diragukan lagi, hal ini terlihat dari semakin meratanya pelayanan kesehatan, dimana pada setiap kecamatan minimal ada 1 Puskesmas.Namun disamping itu ada hal yang menarik dalam pelayanan kesehatan, yaitu pengobatan tradisional sampai saat ini masih diakui keberadaannya oleh masyarakat. Hasil Survai Kesehatan Rumah Tangga (SKRT) menunjukkan data tentang masih adanya masyarakat yang menggunakan pengobatan tradisional, baik itu dilakukan sendiri dengan ramuan-ramuan ataupun dengan pertolongan pengobat tradisional.Kebijaksanaan Pemerintah tentang pengobatan tradisional telah digariskan dengan jelas dalam GBHN 1993, yaitu pengobatan tradisional yang secara medis dapat dipertanggung jawabkan perlu terus dibina untuk perluasan dan pemerataan pelayanan kesehatan. Disamping itu dalam Sistem Kesehatan Nasional (SKN) juga dinyatakan bahwa terhadap pengobatan tradisional yang terbukti berhasil guna dan berdaya guna terus dilakukan pembinaan dan bimbingan, sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meningkatkan pemerataan pelayanan kesehatan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran tentang bagaimana hubungan tingkat Sosial-Ekonomi masyarakat dengan pemanfaatan pengobatan tradisional di Kabupaten Subang, Pandeglang dan Kotmadya Bandung, Jawa Barat. Penelitian dilakukan ditempat-tempat ini oleh karena data-data menunjukkan bahwa masyarakatnya cukup banyak yang memanfaatkan pengobatan tradisional.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik, dan data diambil secara "Kros seksional" dengan kepala keluarga sebagai responden. Jumlah sampel 301 yang dipilih secara random dari 10 desa di 5 Kecamatan. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah : Tingkat Sosial-Ekonomi yang meliputi pendidikan, penghasilan dan jenis pekerjaan mempunyai hubungan negatip dengan pemanfaatan pengobatan tradisional, hubungan ini juga dipengaruhi oleh faktor jarak dari rumah ke tempat pelayanan kesehatan modern, umur, ketersediaan biaya kesehatan dan derajat sakit.Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa adanya hubungan negatip antara tingkat Sosial-Ekonomi dengan pemanfaatan pengobatan tradisional, dari hasil uji Chi-square didapatkan nilai p = 0.0481 untuk variabel pendidikan, p = 0.0036 untuk variabel penghasilan dan p = 0.0029 (nilai a = 0.05); hasil analisa logistik regresi juga menunjukkan bahwa hubungan negatip antara tingkat Sosial-Ekonomi dengan pemanfaatan pengobatan tradisional semakin lemah dengan semain dekatnya sarana pelayanan pengobatan modern dan semakin ringannya penyakit.

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ABSTRACT

There have been so many development in health, resulted in the availability of health services, where in every sub district there is at least one "Public Health Center". However, according to a household surveys on health (SKRT) in 1988 and 1992, some people still use the traditional treatment to overcome their health problems.

In this research, we want to know the relationship between economic and social status (education, income, job) and the use of traditional treatment. Furthermore, we also want to see how the distance of modern health services, age, degree of illness and cash availability affect the use of traditional treatment.

This research was done in two districts of Subang and Pandeglang, and in one municipality of Bandung in West Java. It was a descriptive and analytical research using "cross sectional " data where the respondent was the head of the household. We take 301 respondents randomly from, .10 villages in 5 sub district.

The hypothesis in this research is that social-economic factor, they are income, education and job have negative relationship with the use of traditional treatment. And the sub hypothesis is that the negative relationship will be weaker as the distance of modern health services becomes less, the degree of illness becomes higher, more money is available an the age becomes younger.

Statistic analysis we use to prove this hypothesis was Chi-Square, we selected influential variables in traditional treatment by looking at "p" value. If "p" value is less than 0.05 the independent variables is significant. From the Chi-Square we get p value of education = 0.0481, p value of income = 0.0036 and p value of job = 0.0029. The regression logistic analysis we get different OR value before and after interaction with distances of modern health services and degree of illness, from that different value are proved that the distances of modern health services and degree of illness are influence the relationship between social-economic degree and the using of traditional treatment.

From the result of analysis, hypothesis and sub hypothesis are proved, that the social-economic degree has a negative relationship with the using of traditional treatment and this relationship will be weaker as the distance of modern health services becomes less and the degree of illness becomes higher."

"The self medication is an effort conducted by the community to cure their selves using medicine, traditional medicine or others without health proffesional advice. The aims of this study are to know healthy - illness concept, to know local language, symptoms, prevention and curation of headache, fever, cough and common cold and the self-medication practice on the village community.This study using qualitative design and data was collected by depth interviewing from 12 key informants at Ciwalen village, Warungkondang sub-district, Cianjur district, West Java in 1998. Key information are the chief of RT, the chief of RW, the teachers of elementary school, the health cadres and the housewives. Data were analyzed using triangulation methode and confirmating the interview result to the key informans. The conclussion of this study are: The healthy-illness concept does not only physical aspect, but also social culture aspect. The light illness - heavy illness concept depends on the physical condition of patient, the daily activity and the medication.The community use generally local language nyeri sirah for headache, muriang fot he fever, gohgoy for cpught and salesma for the common cold. The cause of illness is commonly their physical environment, include bacteria for the cought. The prevention of illness is generally conducted by avoiding its cause. The self medication practice generally use the medicine that were bought from the retail at their village, some of them use the traditional medicine.Reason of self-medication practice are light illnesss, inexpensive, time eficiency and as a first aid before going to the health proffesional or health center. The self-medication practice is improperly done, because the community mostly bought a small amount of medicine, so that the brochure of the medicine can not be read."

"The self-medication is an effort conducted by the community to cure theirselves using medicine, traditional medicine or others without health proffesional advice. The aims of this study are to know healthy ? illness concept, to know local language,symptoms, cause, prevention and curation of headache, fever, cough and commoncold, and the self- medication practice on the village community.This study using qualitative design and data was collected by depth interviewing from 12 key informans at Ciwalen village, Warungkondang sub-district, Cianjur district, West Java, in 1998. Key informans are the chief of RT, the chief of RW, the teachers of elementary school, the health cadres, and the housewives. Data were analyzedusing triangulation methode and confirmating the interview result to the key informans. The conclussion of this study are : The healthy-illness concept does not only physical aspect, but also social cultureaspect. The light illness - heavy illness concept depends on the physical condition of patient, the daily activity and the medication.The community use generally local language nyeri sirah for the headache, muriang for the fever, gohgoy for the cought and salesma for the common cold. The cause of illness is commonly their physical environment, include bacteria for the cought. The prevention of illness is generally conducted by avoiding its cause. The self medication practice generally use the medicine that were bought from the retail at their village, some of them use the traditional medicine. Reason of self-medication practice are light illness, inexpensive, time eficiency, and as a first aid before going to the health proffesional or health center. The selfmedication practice is improperly done, because the community mostly bought a small amount of medicine, so that the brochure of the medicine can not be read."