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"[ABSTRAKAlasan klien gangguan jiwa masuk rumah sakit karena adanya perilaku nyata yang maladaptif, seperti mencederai diri sendiri, orang lain atau lingkungan, sehingga membutuhkan perawatan segera, yaitu dengan mengontrol perilaku klien yang mengganggu. Terapi perilaku merupakan terapi yang digunakan untuk memodifikasi perilaku maladaptif. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan terapi perilaku pada klien halusinasi dan risiko perilaku kekerasan. Analisa ini dilakukan pada 10 klien yang mendapatkan terapi perilaku dengan diagnosa keperawatan halusinasi dan risiko perilaku kekerasan. Hasil analisa menunjukkan ada perubahan tanda gejala serta kemampuan antara sebelum dan sesudah diberikan terapi perilaku. Terapi perilaku dapat dilakukan bukan hanya pada klien defisit perawatan diri, namun pada setiap klien yang mempunyai perilaku maladptif, baik halusinasi, perilaku kekerasan atau perilaku lain. Terapi perilaku tepat digunakan bagi klien di ruang akut yang memperlihatkan perilaku maladaptif.

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ABSTRACTClients with mental disorder usually admited to the hospital because of their maladaptive behavior, such as hurting themselves, other people or destroying environment. This condition need immediate treatment by controling client?disruptive behaviors. Behavior therapy is a therapy used to modify maladaptive behavior becomes adaptive. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of behavior therapy for hallucination and violent risked behavior clients. The analysis of this paper consisted of 10 clients with hallucination and violent risked behavior who were the subjects of behavior therapy. The results showed that there were alteration of signs and symptoms, and ability of clients. Behavior therapy can be used not only for clients with self care deficit but also for clients with hallucinations and violent risked behavior. Behavior therapy appropriately used for acute inpatients with maladaptive behavior.;Clients with mental disorder usually admited to the hospital because of their maladaptive behavior, such as hurting themselves, other people or destroying environment. This condition need immediate treatment by controling client?disruptive behaviors. Behavior therapy is a therapy used to modify maladaptive behavior becomes adaptive. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of behavior therapy for hallucination and violent risked behavior clients. The analysis of this paper consisted of 10 clients with hallucination and violent risked behavior who were the subjects of behavior therapy. The results showed that there were alteration of signs and symptoms, and ability of clients. Behavior therapy can be used not only for clients with self care deficit but also for clients with hallucinations and violent risked behavior. Behavior therapy appropriately used for acute inpatients with maladaptive behavior., Clients with mental disorder usually admited to the hospital because of their maladaptive behavior, such as hurting themselves, other people or destroying environment. This condition need immediate treatment by controling client’disruptive behaviors. Behavior therapy is a therapy used to modify maladaptive behavior becomes adaptive. The purpose of this study was to determine the application of behavior therapy for hallucination and violent risked behavior clients. The analysis of this paper consisted of 10 clients with hallucination and violent risked behavior who were the subjects of behavior therapy. The results showed that there were alteration of signs and symptoms, and ability of clients. Behavior therapy can be used not only for clients with self care deficit but also for clients with hallucinations and violent risked behavior. Behavior therapy appropriately used for acute inpatients with maladaptive behavior.]"

"[ABSTRAKSkizophrenia paranoid memperlihatkan tanda dan gejala perilaku kekerasan yang berisiko cedera bagi klien dan lingkungan. Tujuan Karya Ilmiah ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi generalis, latihan asertif, psikoedukasi keluarga terhadap tanda dan gejala, kemampuan klien, keluarga. Metode yang digunakan deskriptif analitik dengan memberikan terapi generalis, latihan asertif, pada 20 klien dan selanjutnya pada 7 klien diberikan psikoedukasi pada keluarga. Pemberian terapi generalis, latihan asertif pada 13 klien menunjukkan penurunan tanda, gejala, peningkatan kemampuan klien. Pemberian terapi generalis, latihan asertif, psikoedukasi keluarga pada 7 klien dan keluarganya menunjukkan penurunan tanda dan gejala, peningkatan kemampuan yang lebih besar daripada pemberian terapi generalis, latihan asertif. Direkomendasikan kombinasi terapi generalis, latihan asertif, psikoedukasi keluarga pada klien resiko perilaku kekerasan.

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ABSTRACTSkizophrenia paranoid shows signs, symptoms of aggressive behavior are at risk of injury for the client, the environment. The purpose of this scientific masterpiece to know influence of generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation against the mark, the symptoms, the capabilities of the client, family. Analitic descriptive method used by providing a generalist therapy, assertiveness training, on 20 asertif the client and client's given on 7 psikoeducation in the family. Generalist therapy, assertiveness training, on 13 clients shows a decrease in signs and symptoms, increased the ability of the client. Generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation in 7 clients, and family shows a decrease in signs, symptoms, and improved skills an increase greater than on the giving of generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation. Recommended combination generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation on the client's risk of aggressive behavior., Skizophrenia paranoid shows signs, symptoms of aggressive behavior are at risk of injury for the client, the environment. The purpose of this scientific masterpiece to know influence of generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation against the mark, the symptoms, the capabilities of the client, family. Analitic descriptive method used by providing a generalist therapy, assertiveness training, on 20 asertif the client and client's given on 7 psikoeducation in the family. Generalist therapy, assertiveness training, on 13 clients shows a decrease in signs and symptoms, increased the ability of the client. Generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation in 7 clients, and family shows a decrease in signs, symptoms, and improved skills an increase greater than on the giving of generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation. Recommended combination generalist therapy, assertiveness training, family psychoeducation on the client's risk of aggressive behavior.]"

"[ABSTRAKPerilaku kekerasan merupakan perilaku atau tindakan seseorang ketika tidak mampu mengatasi stressor yang dialaminya, ditunjukkan dengan perilaku aktual berupa kekerasan baik pada diri sendiri, orang lain, maupun lingkungan baik secara verbal maupun non verbal (Stuart, 2013). Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah akhir ini adalah menggambarkan penerapan assertiveness training dan terapi kelompok suportif menggunakan Teori Stres Adaptasi Stuart dan Teori Adaptasi Roy pada klien risiko perilaku kekerasan di Rumah Sakit Marzoeki Mahdi Bogor. Intervensi keperawatan yang dilakukan adalah assertiveness training pada 6 klien dan kombinasi terapi assertiveness training dan terapi kelompok suportif pada 12 orang klien dalam kurun waktu 16 Februari - 17 April 2015 di ruang Dewi Amba. Hasil pelaksanaan assertiveness training dan terapi kelompok suportif dapat menurunkan tanda dan gejala perilaku kekerasan pada aspek kogitif, afektif, fisiologis, perilaku, dan sosial serta meningkatkan kemampuan adaptif dalam menghadapi peristiwa yang menimbulkan perilaku kekerasan. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah assertiveness training dan terapi kelompok suportif dapat dijadikan standar terapi spesialis keperawatan jiwa.

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ABSTRACTViolent behavior occurs when a person is not capable of responding to stressors. This behavior can be manifested by hurting oneself, others, or environment verbally or non verbally (Stuart, 2013). The purpose of this scientific paper was to report the application of assertiveness training and supportive group therapy utilizing the Stuart?s Stress-Adaptation Theory and Roy?s Adaptation Theory towards the clients with potential risk violent behavior who were hospitalized at Marzoeki Mahdi Hospital in Bogor. Assertiveness training was conducted to six clients and combination of assertiveness training and supportive group therapy to twelve clients during a period of 16 February ? 17 April 2015 at Dewi Amba Ward. The result of assertiveness training and supportive group therapy depicted that there were decreased signs and symptoms of violent behaviors at all aspects of cognitive, affective, physiological, behavior, and social as well as improvement of ability of clients to be more adaptive in responding to the any stressful situation that can stimuli violent behaviors. It is recommended that assertiveness training and supportive group therapy can be used as a standard of mental healthpsychiatric nursing specialized therapy., Violent behavior occurs when a person is not capable of responding to stressors. This behavior can be manifested by hurting oneself, others, or environment verbally or non verbally (Stuart, 2013). The purpose of this scientific paper was to report the application of assertiveness training and supportive group therapy utilizing the Stuart’s Stress-Adaptation Theory and Roy’s Adaptation Theory towards the clients with potential risk violent behavior who were hospitalized at Marzoeki Mahdi Hospital in Bogor. Assertiveness training was conducted to six clients and combination of assertiveness training and supportive group therapy to twelve clients during a period of 16 February – 17 April 2015 at Dewi Amba Ward. The result of assertiveness training and supportive group therapy depicted that there were decreased signs and symptoms of violent behaviors at all aspects of cognitive, affective, physiological, behavior, and social as well as improvement of ability of clients to be more adaptive in responding to the any stressful situation that can stimuli violent behaviors. It is recommended that assertiveness training and supportive group therapy can be used as a standard of mental healthpsychiatric nursing specialized therapy.]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas tiga jenis program intervensi, yaitu Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), iklan dengan tampilan humor (iklan positif), dan iklan dengan tampilan menakutkan (iklan negatif) dalam menurunkan perilaku menge mudi secara agresif. Partisipan terdiri atas 196 pengemudi yang tergolong dalam kelompok usia dewasa muda (usia 18?35 tahun), yaitu usia dimana individu berisiko untuk menampilkan perilaku mengemudi secara agresif. Kepada partisipan dilakukan pengukuran de ngan menggunakan empat macam inventori lapor diri, yaitu inventori untuk mengukur persepsi mengenai kondisi lalu lintas, derajat frustrasi, emosi marah, dan perilaku mengemudi. Analisis dengan menggunakan desain mix-faktorial menunjukkan bahwa program intervensi CBT lebih efektif dibandingkan program intervensi iklan, khususnya dalam menurunkan derajat frustrasi dan emosi marah. Sedangkan antara iklan dengan tampilan humor dan iklan dengan tampilan menakutkan tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan dalam menurunkan derajat frustrasi dan emosi marah. Baik program CBT maupun kedua jenis program intervensi iklan tidak cukup efektif untuk menurunkan perilaku mengemudi secara agresif. Mengacu pada Teori A-B-C tentang ketergugahan emosi yang dikemukakan oleh Ellis, maka hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sasaran akhir yaitu perilaku mengemudi secara aman (faktor C) pada pengemudi usia dewasa muda tidak dapat tercapai walaupun keyakinan dan emosi mereka (faktor B) berhasil diubah menjadi lebih positif. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa untuk sampai terjadinya perubahan perilaku mengemudi secara aman diperlukan teknik modifikasi perilaku yang lain, misalnya pemberian sangsi yang kuat dari pihak otoritas yaitu polisi.

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This study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of three intervention programs, i.e. CBT (Cognitive Behavior Therapy), humor appeal advertisements (positive ads), and fear appeal advertisements (negative ads) in reducing aggressive driving behavior. 196 young adults age between 18?35 years old, who are considered to be at risk in performing aggressive driving behavior had completed four self report inventories. The four inventories measures perception on traffic conditions, degree of frustration, anger emotion, and driving behavior. Analysis of mix factorial desigm shows that CBT intervention program is more effec tive than the advertising intervention program, particularly in reducing the degree of frustration and emotional upset. However, no significant difference between humor appeal and fear appeal advertisements in reducing the level of frustration and anger emotion. Moreover, CBT program as well as the other two advertising intervention programs is not sufficient enough to reduce driving behavior. Based on the A-B-C Theory of Emotonal Arousal proposed by Ellis, this result indicates that safety driving behavior (factor C) among young drivers cannot be achieved through these intervention programs, although their belief and emotion (factor B) has been changed. This study implies that other modification behavior technique, i.e. strong penalty from the authority (police) is needed to encourage safer driving behavior of Indonesian young driver."

"[ABSTRAKIsolasi sosial merupakan suatu pengalaman menyendiri dan kesepian dari seseorang dan perasaan segan terhadap orang lain sebagai sesuatu yang negatif atau keadaan yang mengancam. Tujuan Karya Ilmiah Akhir ini untuk memberikan gambaran tentang manajemen kasus spesialis keperawatan jiwa pada klien isolasi sosial terhadap penurunan tanda dan gejala isolasi sosial serta peningkatan kemampuan klien dalam ketrampilan sosial dengan pendekatan Model Hubungan Interpersonal Peplau dan Model Stres Adaptasi Stuart. Terapi spesialis keperawatan yang diberikan adalah Social Skill Training (SST), Cognitive Behavior Social Skill Training (CBSST) dan Family Psychoeducation (FPE). SST diberikan pada 21 klien, SST+CBSST diberikan pada 7 klien dan FPE diberikan pada 12 keluarga. Hasil yang ditemukan SST dan CBSST efektif dalam menurunkan tanda dan gejala isolasi sosial yang ditunjukkan melalui respon kognitif, afektif, fisiologis, perilaku dan sosial serta meningkatkan kemampuan klien dalam ketrampilan sosial. FPE terbukti meningkatkan kemampuan keluarga dalam merawat klien isolasi sosial. SST, CBSST, dan FPE direkomendasikan sebagai terapi spesialis keperawatan pada klien isolasi sosial.

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ABSTRACTSocial isolation is an experience of solitude and loneliness of someone and feeling disinclined toward others as something negative or threatening circumstances. Final Scientific Paper aims to provide an overview of nursing case management specialist at the client's life social isolation of the signs and symptoms as well as the ability of clients to approach Peplau Model Theory of Interpersonal Relations and Stress Adaptation Model Stuart. Social Skills Training (SST) given to 21 clients, SST+Cognitive Behavior Social Skill Training (CBSST) given on 7 client and Family psychoeducation (FPE) given to 12 families. Results found CBSST SST and effective in reducing the signs and symptoms of social isolation indicated by the response of cognitive, affective, physiological, behavioral and social as well as improve the ability of clients in social skills. FPE proven to increase the ability of families in caring for clients of social isolation. SST, CBSST, and FPE recommended as therapy nursing specialists at the client's social isolation., Social isolation is an experience of solitude and loneliness of someone and feeling disinclined toward others as something negative or threatening circumstances. Final Scientific Paper aims to provide an overview of nursing case management specialist at the client's life social isolation of the signs and symptoms as well as the ability of clients to approach Peplau Model Theory of Interpersonal Relations and Stress Adaptation Model Stuart. Social Skills Training (SST) given to 21 clients, SST+Cognitive Behavior Social Skill Training (CBSST) given on 7 client and Family psychoeducation (FPE) given to 12 families. Results found CBSST SST and effective in reducing the signs and symptoms of social isolation indicated by the response of cognitive, affective, physiological, behavioral and social as well as improve the ability of clients in social skills. FPE proven to increase the ability of families in caring for clients of social isolation. SST, CBSST, and FPE recommended as therapy nursing specialists at the client's social isolation.]"

"ABSTRAKPenurunan jumlah aktivitas pada lansia biasa dikaitkan dengan pengalaman tidak menyenangkan seperti tidak memiliki teman, perasaan hampa dan kesepian. Pengalaman tersebut didefinisikan sebagai loneliness yang sifatnya subjektif dan mempengaruhi kualitas hidup serta kesehatan individu. Loneliness ditemukan dapat mempengaruhi tekanan darah sistolik pada lansia yang mengarahkan lansia pada gangguan hipertensi.Fenomena terkait loneliness dapat ditemukan pada para lansia di Depok. Peneliti memberikan Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) pada 3 (tiga) orang lansia untuk menurunkan tingkat loneliness yang dialaminya. Jika loneliness telah menurun, maka peneliti juga mengharapkan tekanan darah lansia dapat turun dan stabil. Penelitian dijalankan dengan menggunakan desain single-subject repeated measures dengan melakukan tiga kali pengukuran di awal, pertengahan dan akhir rangkaian intervensi untuk melihat pengaruh pemberian terapi terhadap loneliness yang dialami partisipan.Hasil dari penelitian adalah ketiga partisipan mengalami penurunan loneliness yang terlihat dari wawancara, observasi, dan pengukuran menggunakan The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, dan Personal Definitions of Loneliness. Seluruh partisipan juga mengalami penurunan tekanan darah menurut hasil pemeriksaan menggunakan tensi meter digital. Penurunan loneliness diperkirakan terjadi karena ketaatan partisipan dalam menjalani terapi terutama dalam melakukan perubahan perilaku serta adanya motivasi yang tinggi dalam pelaksanaan terapi. Penurunan loneliness akan lebih signifikan jika partisipan memiliki dukungan sosial untuk mempertahankan perilaku positif serta kemampuan bahasa yang lebih baik. Selain itu, Partisipan telah mampu mempraktikkan teknik-teknik yang diberikan dalam terapi seperti mengenali loneliness yang dialami, relaksasi, pemecahan masalah, dan melawan pikiran buruk.

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ABSTRACT

In older adults, reduced activities often related to unpleasant experiences, such as having no friends, feeling of emptiness and loneliness. Feeling of loneliness is subjective to individuals and affects their health and quality of life. It is found that loneliness can have impact on systolic blood pressure among older adults and result in hypertension.

Phenomena related to loneliness happen among older adults in Depok. This study evaluated the efficacy of Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) in reducing level of loneliness among older adults, so that their blood pressure would get lower and stay in a stable condition. Design of the study was single-subject repeated measures with three participants, and three times measurement (initial, middle, final).

Results of the study suggest that all three participants' level of loneliness reduced, which can be seen from interview, observation, and scores of quantitative inventories (The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale, The De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale, and Personal Definitions of Loneliness). Participants' blood pressure also reduced. Participants' compliance to therapy processes, such as high motivation and changes in behavior, contributed to the reduced level of loneliness. It is assumed that loneliness scores would be reduced more significantly if participants had better social support, maintained positive behaviors, and had better verbal capacity. Despite of lack of verbal capacity, participants were able to practice some techniques, such as identifying loneliness, relaxation, problem solving, and countering negative thoughts."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian menunjukkan bahwa di kota Depok, Jawa Barat terdapat 71% dari 229 remaja SMA yang mengalami depresi. Depresi terjadi karena berbagai faktor salah satunya adalah efikasi diri yang rendah. Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) merupakan terapi yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan efikasi diri dan mengatasi depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan efikasi diri dan depresi setelah mendapat CBT. Metode penelitian: quasi eksperimen dengan pre-post test with control group pada penerapan CBT yang dilakukan secara berkelompok. Analisis yang digunakan adalah dependen dan independent sample t-Test, chi-square dan pearson product moment. Responden penelitian ini adalah remaja kelas VIII SMPN Kota Bogor. Populasi target penelitian ini adalah 222 remaja yang memiliki efikasi diri rendah dan depresi dengan sampel sebesar 72 remaja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan efikasi diri remaja yang mendapat CBT lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibanding remaja yang tidak mendapat CBT, depresi remaja yang mendapat CBT lebih rendah secara bermakna dibandingkan penurunan depresi pada remaja yang tidak mendapat CBT. Peningkatan efikasi diri mempunyai hubungan yang kuat dalam menurunkan depresi pada remaja dengan arah hubungan negatif. Terapi CBT direkomendasikan pada remaja dengan efikasi diri rendah dan depresi.

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ABSTRACTResearch shows that in Depok City West Java, 71 % of 229 high school teenagers experience depression. Depression occurs because of various factors, one of them is low self-efficacy. Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) is a therapy performed to improve self-efficacy and counteract depression. This study aimed to determine the alteration of self-efficacy and depression after receiving a CBT. This research applied a quasi experiment method with pre-post test with control groups in the CBT performed in groups. Data were analyzed using dependent and independent sample t-Test, chi-square and pearson product moment. Respondents of this research were teenagers of class VII at a Junior High School in Bogor. The target population of this research was 222 teenagers who had low self-efficacy and depression with 72 teenagers as the samples. The result showed that the improvement of self-efficacy of teenagers who received CBT was significantly higher than the teenagers who didn’t get CBT, and the depression of teenagers who accept CBT was significantly lower than the depression of teenagers who didn’t get CBT. The improvement of self-efficacy had a strong correlation with the decline of teenagers’ depression in a negative direction. CBT therapy is recommended for teenagers with low self- efficacy and depression. "