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"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh orientasi dominansi sosial SDO dan otoritarianisme sayap kanan RWA terhadap kesadaran kelas atau derajat sejauh mana individu memahami posisi mereka dan menempatkan diri mereka dalam hubungan antarkelas. Pengukuran kesadaran kelas pada penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur Multidimensional Class Consciousness Scale MCCS. Orientasi dominansi sosial ialah derajat sejauh mana individu menginginkan kelompok mereka untuk mendominasi dan menjadi lebih unggul dari kelompok lainnya, dan diukur dengan alat ukur Social Dominance Orientation Scale SDO6. Otoritarianisme sayap kanan ialah derajat sejauh mana seseorang percaya untuk tunduk terhadap otoritas yang ada dan norma-norma sosial yang didukung oleh otoritas ini, dan diukur dengan Short Version Right-Wing Authoritarianism Scale SV-RWA. Partisipan penelitian ini ialah 129 mahasiswa S1 Universitas Indonesia usia 17 hingga 27 tahun. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa orientasi dominansi sosial dan otoritarianisme sayap kanan memprediksi kesadaran kelas yang rendah pada mahasiswa S1.

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The present study aims to investigate the effects of social dominance orientation SDO and right wing authoritarianism RWA on class consciousness or the extent to which individuals acknowledge and situate themselves within class relations. Class consciousness is measured with the Multidimensional Class Consciousness Scale MCCS. Social dominance orientation is the extent to which one desires that one 39 s ingroup dominate and be superior to outgroups and it is measured with the Social Dominance Orientation Scale SDO6. Right wing authoritarianism is the extent to which an individual believe strongly in submission to established authorities and the social norms these authorities endorse and it is measured with the Short Version Right Wing Authoritarianism Scale SV RWA. The study participants are 129 undergraduate students aged 17 to 27 enrolled in Universitas Indonesia. The result of this research shows that social dominance orientation and right wing authoritarianism predict lower class consciousness in college students."

"Tesis ini membahas tentang strategi Brian Jackson (tokoh utama), seorang mahasiswa berlatarbelakang kelas pekerja, untuk dapat diterima di ruang sosial kelas menengah di universitas ?elite? di Inggris pada novel Starter for Ten (2007) karya David Nicholls. Tesis ini juga membahas tentang perspektif pengarang (David Nicholls) terhadap sistem elite pendidikan tinggi di Inggris yang tercermin di dalam novel ini. Teori unsur intrinsik dalam novel dan Teori Arena dari Pierre Bourdieu yang meliputi arena, kapital, habitus, dan strategi digunakan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian ini. Analisis dari data menunjukkan bahwa Brian melakukan beberapa strategi untuk dapat diterima di ruang sosial kelas menengah tersebut. Peningkatan tingkat intelektualitas dan peniruan attitude dari temantemannya yang berasal dari kelas menengah seperti gaya hidup dan perbaikan penampilan fisik dilakukan untuk meraih kapital budaya dan sosial. Mengikuti dan memenangkan kuis University Challenge menjadi strategi penting yang Brian lakukan dalam meraih kapital simbolik di universitas. Dinamika strategi yang ia lakukan membuatnya memiliki rintangan dan mengalami penerimaan yang berbeda dari teman-temannya. Narasi dari novel ini menunjukkan kritik Nicholls terhadap sistem ?elite? pendidikan tinggi di universitas. Ia menggambarkan sebuah fakta bahwa kompetensi intelektualitas tidak menjadi satu-satunya syarat bagi mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan posisi di arena universitas. Sebuah kepemilikan atttitude dari kelas sosial yang lebih tinggi menjadi faktor dominan bagi seorang mahasiswa untuk mendapatkan posisi dan bertahan di arena universitas.

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The thesis discusses the strategy of Brian Jackson (main character), a working-class student, who is trying to fit in the social space of middle-class society in a Britain elite university in the novel Starter for Ten (2007) by David Nicholls. The thesis also discusses the perspective toward system of education in an elite university in Britain reflected in the novel. The framework of basic elements of a novel and concept by Pierre Bourdieu which consists of field, capital, habitus, and strategy are employed to answer the research questions. The findings reveals that Brian conducts several strategies in order to have a position among his middle-class friends. Brian does lots of efforts in improving his intelligence and also imitating the attitude of middle-class students to have cultural as well as social capital. Furthermore, the involvement of Brian in the University Challenge show makes him gain the symbolic power. The dynamism of the strategies brings Brian to the various responses frompeople around him. The narattion in this novel shows Nicholls? criticism about the essence of education in a university. Having a great intelligence is not the only factor in determining someone?s success in a university. The legitimate attitude from a higher social class is needed for a student to have a position in a university."

"This book analyses social change in Russia, in particular the development of a middle class, one of the most important social and political projects of Putin’s administration.Using unique survey data collected in 1998, 2007 and 2015, the authors make extensive and theoretically justified analyses of the changing social distinctions in Russia over the past 20 years. Offering a sophisticated analysis of classes and class they acknowledge that in class analysis there are different phases, requiring different concepts. The first phase is the analysis of class positions; the second is the study of the work and reproduction situations of class groups and the final step is the analysis of class interests. While acknowledging that there are a number Russian-specific factors that seriously complicate traditional class analysis, the authors maintain that the basic tenets of class analysis still hold true.The book will be of interest to students and scholars of sociology, political science, transition studies, social policy and Russian studies and anyone who wants to understand the internal divisions and organization of the middle class in Russia."

""A history of the class system in America from the colonial era to the present illuminates the crucial legacy of the underprivileged white demographic, citing the pivotal contributions of lower-class white workers in wartime, social policy, and the rise of the Republican Party,"--"