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"Mecca of Revolution examines the history of anticolonial internationalism, or Third Worldism, through the prism of Algerias decolonization and the international relations of independent Algeria. It argues that the Third World movement evolved from a subversive transnational phenomenon in the late-colonial era into a diplomatic collaboration among postcolonial elites to exalt state sovereignty and national authority. Its examination of international affairs places equal, or even greater, emphasis on South-South relations than the more typical North-South perspective. New evidence from the archives of Algeria, Yugoslavia, and numerous other countries demystifies the Third Worldist phenomenon. The book looks past the rhetoric of Bandung, nonalignment, and Afro-Asianism to analyze the nascent geopolitics of postcolonial Africa, the Middle East, and the Southern Hemisphere as a whole. Refuting the notion that the Third World project ended in failure, Mecca of Revolution reveals the development of a Third Worldist normative framework that shapes global affairs in the early twenty-first century, its import felt in matters as diverse as the Arab Spring revolutions, nuclear proliferation, and global trade negotiations. It also argues that the most important effect of the Cold War in the Southern Hemisphere was to push the process of decolonization toward its eventual state-centric outcome. In that regard, the Algerian case shows that the industrialized worlds new methods of political mobilization (such as Wilsonian diplomacy and Marxist-Leninist revolution) were much more influential in the postcolonial world than were the underlying ideologies that informed those methods."

"Bahasa dalam proses nation-building dan dekolonisasi sebuah bangsa merupakan aspek yang sangat penting, karena bahasa dapat mempengaruhi aspek-aspek lainnya, seperti ekonomi, politik, budaya, dan pendidikan. Tulisan ini fokus pada kajian mengenai pengaruh bahasa terhadap proses nation-building dalam kaitannya dengan dekolonisasiTimor-Leste sebagai sebuah bangsa. Kompleksitas sejarah menyebabkan masyarakat Timor-Leste terbagi menjadi beberapa kelompok generasi dengan penguasaan bahasa yang berbeda. Berangkat dari praktik berbahasa sehari-hari yang dibedakan menjadi ranah formal dan nonformal, diketahui bahwa bahasa memiliki peranan penting dalampembentukan identitas bangsa. Tuntutan untuk menguasai setidaknya empat bahasa: Tetum, Portugis, Inggris, dan Indonesia memiliki konsekuensi dan membuat bahasa kemudian menjadi tantangan bagi proses nation-building dan dekolonisasi Timor-Leste. Pendidikan selalu menjadi salah satu cara yang digunakan pemerintah untuk mengonstruksi identitas masyarakatnya dan bahasa adalah alat yang mendukungnya. Namun, hal yang seringkali luput dari perhatian adalah bahwa praktik berbahasa pada ranah formal dan nonformal sama sekali berbeda. Artinya, kekuatan dan kontrol terhadap proses nation-building dan dekolonisasi juga berbeda.Language is a crucial aspect in the process of nation-building and decolonization of a nation by means of its power to influence other aspects, such as economic, politic, culture, and education. This paper focuses on the influence of language towards the nation-building process in the decolonization of Timor-Leste as a nation. The consequences of historical complexity construct several generation groups of Timorese with distinct language proficiency. Drawing from language practice in everyday life which is distinguished to formal and nonformal sphere, known that language has a significant role in the formation of national identity. The demand to be proficient at thevery least in four language: Tetum, Portuguese, English, and Indonesian leads to the consequences and language subsequently becomes the challenge for nation-building and decolonization process of Timor-Leste. Education has always been used by the state to construct national identity and language is an instrument to promote the process.However, the discrepancy between formal and nonformal sphere of practicing language usually unrecognize. By which it means, the power and control towards the process is also distinctive."