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"Skripsi ini mengaji pengambilalihan peran pengambilan keputusan pengelolaan budi daya tanam padi dari tangan petani oleh pemerintah di lahan garapan individual petani. Fenomena itu terjadi pada saat Program “top-down” Inpari 13 berlangsung di Polanharjo. Penerapan Program Inpari 13 secara “top-down” menjadi fokus kajian karena peran pemerintah sebagai penentu kebijakan memiliki kekuasaan yang hegemonik dalam permasalahan pembangunan pertanian dalam hal ini menyangkut komoditas pangan. Program secara “top- down” diterapkan sebagai respons pemerintah Jawa Tengah dalam rangka mengamankan produksi beras karena adanya “bencana” akibat ledakan Wereng Batang Coklat (WBC) yang tidak tertanggulangi oleh keputusan individual petani. Program ini diterapkan di tengah kondisi petani yang telah mandiri dalam pengambilan keputusan. Dalam mengaji keberhasilan penerapan kebijakan Program “top-down” Inpari 13 itu , peneliti harus memerhatikan aktor-aktor yang berperan dalam proses pengambilan keputusan dan cara berbagai aktor itu mewujudkan program itu dari jajaran pemerintah di tingkat propinsi hingga tingkat petani. Skripsi ini juga memaparkan hasil evaluasi dan interpretasi yang dilakukan para pengambil kebijakan serta petani mengenai program Inpari 13.

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This thesis examines in the taking over the roles in decision making at agricultural management from farmers by government in their individual rice field. That phenomenen occured when the top down inpari 13 programme held on Polanharjo district. The implementation of the top down Inpari 13 programme was the main focus because the government's role as decision maker had the hegemonic power in the agricultural building issue in food commodity. The top down programme implemented as the response from the Central Java Government in case of saving the rice stock production because the "disaster" effect from the outbreak of brown planthopper that not overcome by farmers individual decision. This programme implemented in the middle of independent farmers in making some decisions. In examining the successful implementation policy of top down inpari 13 programme, researcher should watch the actors who had roles in the decision making process and in various ways of many actor to actualize that program from provincial government level into farmers level. This thesis also exposes the evaluation and interpretation from the policy decision maker and the farmer about the inpari 13 programme. "

"ABSTRAKBerdasarkan penelitian dengan metode deskriptif terhadap polen lima jenis Eugenia yang ada di Indonesia yaitu: Eugenia aromatica (L.) Baillon, Eugenia aquea Burm. f., Eugenia malaccensis L., Eugenia jambos L., dan Eugenia cumini (L.) Druce, ternyata memperlihatkan perbedaan ciri-ciri baik dari segi ukuran, tipe apertura, kerangka polen (ambit) dan tipe permukaan dinding polennya. Kesimpulan yang dapat dirumuskan dari hasil penelitian ini ialah: (1) Ciri umum kelima jenis butir polen Eugenia adalah isopolar, simetni radial, goniotreme, tricolporate dan syncolporate. (2). Klasifikasi model butir polen tersebut adalah prolate kecuali pada Eugenia cumini yaitu subprolate dan klasifikasi ukurannya adalah minuta (kecil) kecuali padaEugenia jambos yaitu media (sedang). Tipe permukaan dinding terluar butir polen adalah verrucate pada Eugenia jambos dan Eugenia aromatica, granulate pada Eugenia cumini dan Eugenia malaccensis, sampai dengan rugulate pada Eugenia aquea. (3) Penyerbukan kelima jenis Eugenia dilakukan serangga tertentu berdasarkan tipe permukaan butir polen yang terbentuk."

"Penelitian eksperimental untuk menguji aktivitas antifeedant ekstrak kasar Holothuria atra dan Bohadschia marmorata terhadap ikan karang telah dilakukan di perairan Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Konsentrasi ekstrak H. atra dan B. marmorata yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah konsentrasi alaminya yakni sebesar 8 mg/ml dan 3,4 mg/ml. Analisis data hasil pengujian antifeedant selama 7 hari menggunakan uji jumlah-jenjang Wilcoxon menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar H. atra dan B. marmorata memiliki aktivitas antifeedant terhadap ikan karang, meliputi Neopomacentrus sp., Pomacentrus sp., Halichoeres sp., Siganus sp., dan Pentapodus sp.

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Field experiment was conducted to investigate the antifeedant activity of crude extract from sea cucumber Holothuria atra and Bohadschia marmorata against reef fishes at Pramuka Island Waters, Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta. The concentration of crude extract of H. atra and B. marmorata used in the assay were 8 mg/ml and 3,4 mg/ml respectively. Data analysis using Wilcoxon‟s rank-sum test showed that crude extract of H. atra and B. marmorata has antifeedant activity against reef fishes, including Neopomacentrus sp., Pomacentrus sp., Halichoeres sp., Siganus sp., and Pentapodus sp."

"Skripsi ini mengaji munculnya variasi respons petani terhadap Program Inpari 13 di Desa Kahuman, Kecamatan Polanharjo. Variasi respons individu menjadi fokus kajian karena dari kondisi yang memang mengandalkan pada keputusan individual dalam bercocok tanam padi, secara khusus ada Program Inpari 13 yang menyeragamkan pola tanam, varietas yang ditanam, dan pengendalian hama melalui penyemprotan massal. Program secara 'top-down' diterapkan sebagai respons pemerintah Jawa Tengah dalam rangka mengamankan produksi beras karena adanya 'bencana' akibat ledakan Wereng Batang Coklat (WBC) yang tidak tertanggulangi oleh keputusan individual petani. Dalam mengaji variasi respons, peneliti harus memerhatikan faktor-faktor kontekstual dari munculnya variasi tersebut. Skripsi ini juga memaparkan kemungkinan evaluasi oleh petani karena adanya keragaman praktik budi daya tanaman padi. Selanjutnya, evaluasi melalui mekanisme belajar yang dialami petani akan mengumpan balik pada pengetahuan yang dimilikinya.

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This thesis examines the emergence of variation in the farmer's responses toward the Inpari 13 Program in Kahuman village, Polanharjo district in Klaten Regency of Central Java. The variation of individual responses become the focus of study in this thesis because of the condition that relies on individual decisions in rice farming, in particular there was an Inpari 13 Program that uniformed the cropping patterns, varieties grown, and pest control through the mass-spraying. The program that though spraying pesticides implemented in a 'top-down' way was the response of Central Java's government in securing produced rice because of the 'hazard' due to by the outbreaks of Brown Plant Hopper that was unresolved by the farmer's individual decisions. In studying the variation of responses, we should consider the contextual factors in the emergence of such variations. I also present in this thesis that the diversity of paddy's cultivation practices enabled the farmers to do evaluation of the result of their strategies. The evaluation enriched their knowledge of cultivation strategies."

"The genus Huperzia is an epiphitic fern of the family lycopodiaceae which has potential value as an ornamental plant. However, information on its usage, cultivation, and conservation aspects are still limited. Bogor Botanic Garden as an ex-situ conservation institution plays an important role in conserving the genus. Exploration activities have been done in many places in Indonesia. Until now, Bogor Botanic Garden has collected several specimens from North and West Sumatra and Maluku."

"ABSTRACTLitter productivity of forests within Cibodas Botanical Gardens area was 9510.04 ton/ha/year with the largest litter composition derived from leaves and then followed by stems and twigs, barks, fine litter, fruits and flowers respectively. There were totally 89 species of leaf litter consisting trees, shrubs, herbs, epiphytes, ferns and mosses found in Cibodas Botanical Garden forests. Leaf Utter was dominated by Altingia excelsa and then followed by Ficus involucrata, Villebrunea rubescens and Neonauclea lanceolata respectively. Flowers and fruits litter productivity data were representation of plant phenology."

"ABSTRACTInventory of plant species was conducted in area surrounding Wamena Biologi Botanic Gardens in 2013. Observation and interview, completed with literature study was carried out to enrich our understanding about these species utilisation by local community. This study found 28 species grew in the surrounding area of Wamena Biologi Botanic Garden was utilized by local community in Wamena as foods, fuel, crafts and daily tools, house and fence construction, traditional medicines and antiseptics as well as ornamental plants."

"This book offers a comprehensive analysis of irons’ various roles in the plant-microbial associations. The introductory chapter stresses the essentiality of iron in biological systems. The second chapter surveys the abundance of information on iron’s pivotal role in microbial plant pathogenesis and defence. Finally, the third chapter reviews the advances in our understanding of iron metabolism in the rhizobia, soil bacteria able to establish a symbiotic association with legumes and carry out nitrogen fixation. "