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"Gagal jantung menjadi masalah utama dalam bidang kardiologi karena bertambahnya jumlah penderita dan seringnya rawat ulang serta kematian dan kecacatan. Penyebab meningkatnya masalah gagal jantung adalah: (1) Keberhasilan penanganan serangan akut miokard infark yang berhasil menyelamatkan nyawa namun kecacatannya menyebabkan gagal jantung. (2) Bertambahnya jumlah orang yang mencapai usia lanjut sedangkan pada usia lanjut akan terjadi gagal jantung karena perjalanan usia. (3) Masih tingginya kejadian infeksi di Indonesia yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit jantung reumatik pasca infeksi Streptococcus beta hemolitikus, infeksi virus yang menyebabkan miokarditis, infeksi yang menyebabkan endokarditis serta tuberkulosis yang menyebabkan pericarditis tuberkulosa. (4) Masih seringnya ditemukan faktor faktor risiko penyakit jantung koroner seperti banyaknya perokok, diabetes, hiperkolesterolemia, hipertensi dan obesitas. Indonesia ikut dalam pendataan international multi senter pada tahun 2006. Acute Decompensated HEart failure REgistry adalah suatu pendataan international menggunakan web yang mendata pasien dengan acute decompensated heart failure yang masuk dan dirawat di unit gawat darurat. Dari data di 5 rumah sakit besar di pulau Jawa dan Bali yang ikut dalam pendataan ini didapatkan bahwa usia gagal jantung lebih muda, pasien datang lebih parah dan terlambat, lama rawat rata rata 7 hari, dan angka kematian di rumah sakit 6,7%. Makalah ini bertujuan memberikan ringkasan hal hal yang penting dalam diagnosis dan tata laksana gagal jantung. Tiga D (diagnosis cepat tepat, drugs yang berbasis bukti dan devices baru) adalah penting pada gagal jantung, selain itu apa yang harus dikerjakan dan jangan dikerjakan dalam menghadapi gagal jantung juga harus diperhatikan.

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AbstractHeart failure becomes main problem in cardiology because of increasing of heart failure patients, rehospitalization rate, morbidity, and mortality rate. The main causes of increasing heart failure problems are: (1) Successful treatment of acute myocardial infarction can be life saving, but its sequelae can cause heart failure. (2) Increasing life expectancy rate grows along with incidences of ageing related heart failure. (3) High prevalence of infection in Indonesia can cause rheumatic heart disease post Streptococcal beta hemolyticus infection, viral myocarditis, infective endocartitis, and tuberculoid pericarditis. (4) Many risk factors for coronary heart disease are often found in heart failure patients, for examples smoking, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and obesity. Indonesia joined international multicentered registry in 2006. Acute Decompensated HEart failure REgistry is a web based international registry to record patient with acute decompensated heart failure treated in emergency room. It was found that heart failure patients in 5 big hospitals in Java and Bali island that joined this registry are younger, sicker and late to seek treatment. The median hospital length of stay was 7 days and in hospital mortality rate was 6.7%. The aim of this article is to give summary about essential things in diagnosing and treating heart failure patients. 3D (accurate diagnoses, evidence based drugs, and new devices) are the most important but what to do and what not to do in dealing with heart failure is also useful for your daily practice."

"Evidence based herbal drugs are on hi-acceptance day by day due to health friendly nature compared to synthetic drugs. The active ingredients in herbal drugs are different chemical classes, e.g. alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenols, steroids, terpenes etc., are identified at molecular level using current analytical practices, which are unique characteristic, as finger, so known as fingerprints. The fingerprints are used for assessment of quality consistency and stability by visible observation and comparison of the standardized fingerprint pattern, have scientific potential to decipher the claims made on these drugs for authenticity and reliability of chemical constituents, with total traceability, which starts from the proper identification, season and area of collection, storage, their processing, stability during processing, and rationalizing the combinational in case of polyherbal drugs. These quality oriented documents have ample scientific logics so well accepted globally by regulatory authorities and industries, to determine intentional/ unintentional contamination, adulteration, pollutants, stability, quality, etc. parameters. Based on geo-climatic factors, a same plant species has different pharmacological properties due to different ingredients; such regional and morphological variations are identified by fingerprints, at the time of collection of the medicinal herb. The chromatographic (TLC, HPTLC, HPLC, GC,) and spectral (UV-Vis., FTIR, MNR, MS, LC-MS, GC-MS etc.) techniques have world-wide strong scientific approval as validated methods to generate the fingerprints of different chemical classes of active ingredients of herbal drugs. Presently there is a need for a book having all the fingerprinting techniques for herbal drugs at a place with theory, case studies and art to discover patentable forms. "

"Presents information on every drug class used to treat cardiovascular disease. This title features dosages, interactions, indications and contraindications, side effects, and more at your fingertips, equipping you to make effective clinical decisions on behalf of your patients"

"A pocket-sized guide to the complexities of modern cardiovascular drug therapy. This revised edition provides up-to-date coverage of all aapects of late-1990s cardiac drug usage."

"A distinguished physician from the Harvard Medical School offers a cutting-edge program for preventing heart disease without the use of drugs or surgery and gives authoritative advice about antioxidants, fiber, alcohol, aspirin, and other topics. "

"Tesis ini disusun untuk menilai pengaruh latihan erobik intensitas sedang selama 8 minggu terhadap kapasitas fungsional pasien gagal jantung kronis stabil dengan metode evidence based case report (EBCR). Metode penelitian EBCR adalah metode pelaporan sebuah masalah klinis dengan pendekatan berbasis bukti. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada pusat data Cochrane, Pubmed, Scopus dan Science Direct sesuai dengan pertanyaan klinis. Seleksi judul dan abstrak berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, penyaringan ganda dan pembacaan jurnal secara menyeluruh menghasilkan satu buah artikel yang sesuai. Analisis dilakukan pada jurnal tersebut dengan menilai kualitasnya berdasarkan validitas, kepentingan dan aplikabilitasnya. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa latihan aerobik intensitas sedang pada pasien gagal jantung kronis stabil selama 8 minggu dapat meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional pasien sebesar 2% ambilan oksigen puncak (VO2Peak) dan 6% jarak uji jalan 6 menit (6mwt). Hal ini lebih rendah dibanding dengan latihan erobik intensitas tinggi secara interval selama 8 minggu yaitu 27% untuk VO2Peak dan 12% untuk jarak 6mwt. Hasil analisis subgroup didapatkan bahwa latihan erobik intensitas sedang selama 8 minggu dapat menurunkan skala kecemasan dan depresi yang dinilai menggunakan hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS).Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah latihan erobik intensitas sedang selama 8 minggu belum dapat meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional pasien gagal jantung kronis stabil secara signifikan.

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This thesis was designed to assess the effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise for 8 weeks on the functional capacity of stable chronic heart failure patients using the evidence-based case report (EBCR) method. The EBCR research method is a method of reporting a clinical problem with an evidence-based approach. Literature searches were performed in the Cochrane, Pubmed, Scopus and Science Direct database based on clinical questions. Selection of titles and abstracts based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, multiple screening and thorough reading of the journal resulted in one suitable article. The analysis was carried out on the journal by assessing its quality based on its validity, importance and applicability. The results of the analysis stated that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in patients with stable chronic heart failure for 8 weeks could increase the patient's functional capacity by 2% peak oxygen uptake (VO2Peak) and 6% walking distance of 6 minutes (6mwt). This is lower than high-intensity interval exercise at intervals for 8 weeks, namely 27% for VO2Peak and 12% for a distance of 6mwt. The results of the subgroup analysis found that moderate intensity aerobic exercise for 8 weeks can reduce anxiety and depression scales assessed using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS). The conclusion of this study is that moderate intensity aerobic exercise for 8 weeks has not been able to significantly increase the functional capacity of stable chronic heart failure patients."

"Echocardiography in Heart Failure - a volume in the exciting new Practical Echocardiography Series edited by Dr. Catherine M. Otto - provides practical, how-to guidance on effectively applying echocardiography to evaluate heart failure, make therapeutic decisions, and monitor therapy. Definitive, expert instruction from Drs. Martin St. John Sutton and Denise Wiegers is presented in a highly visual, case-based approach that facilitates understanding and equips you to accurately apply this technique while avoiding any potential pitfalls. Access the full text online at www.expertconsult.com al."

"The kidney in heart failure focuses on the changes that occur in kidney physiology as a function of a failing heart. This comprehensive resource covers epidemiology, pathophysiology, management of kidney disorders and advances in nephropathy management. In addition, the latest therapies, common heart failure dilemmas and kidney disease markers are included. Each chapter is co-authored by a Nephrologist and Cardiologist, offering a unified perspective to these chronic conditions. This indispensible volume provides the reader with the depth-of-knowledge needed for assessing and treating the cardio renal patient."

"Apoteker adalah profesi yang memberikan pelayanan farmasi klinik dengan berorientasi pada pasien, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil terapi obat dan mengurangi risiko efek samping. Dalam praktiknya, apoteker sebagai decision maker pada konsep 10-star pharmacist, diharapkan untuk mengambil keputusan yang baik, dimana hal tersebut dapat dicapai dengan pendekatan pengobatan berbasis bukti atau evidence-based medicine (EBM). Penggunaan bukti yang dapat diandalkan sangat penting dalam membuat keputusan terhadap terapi untuk pasien. Contohnya adalah pasien dengan penyakit kardiovaskular di Indonesia yang semakin berkembang, sedangkan tiap pasien memiliki kondisi unik yang mungkin memerlukan penanganan yang berbeda-beda. Keputusan penggunaan obat selalu mempertimbangkan kemanan dan khasiat, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dengan risiko yang minimal. Dalam laporan ini, jurnal tentang efek obat kardiovaskular oleh Ma et al., (2021) ditelaah secara kritis berdasarkan EBM, dan jurnal oleh Adesuyan et al., (2022) dirangkum. Telaah kritis jurnal tentang efek obat kardiovaskular yang mengacu pada appraisal tools oleh Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). Hasil dari telaah kritis jurnal oleh Ma et al., (2021) menegaskan keandalan data studi, namun diperlukan penelusuran lebih lanjut untuk memastikan keamanan penggunaan 4-5 obat kombinasi untuk mengatasi stroke iskemik dan serangan iskemik transien pada populasi Indonesia. Ringkasan tinjauan sistematis dari Adesuyan et al., (2022) menunjukkan bahwa obat antihipertensi golongan angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) dapat secara signifikan mengurangi risiko Alzheimer's disease, dengan analisis sensitivitas dan heterogenitas yang tinggi sebagai penegasnya.

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A pharmacist is a profession who provides patient-oriented clinical pharmacy services, aiming to improve the results of drug therapy and reduce the risk of side effects. In practice, pharmacists as decision-makers in the 10-star pharmacist concept, are expected to make good decisions, which can be achieved through an evidence-based medicine (EBM) approach. The use of reliable evidence is essential in making therapeutic decisions for patients. For example, with the increasing prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Indonesia, each patient may have unique conditions that require individualized treatment. Decisions regarding drug use always consider safety and efficacy to enhance the patient's quality of life with minimal risk. In this report, a journal about the effects of cardiovascular drugs by Ma et al., (2021) is critically appraised based on EBM, and a journal by Adesuyan et al., (2022) is summarized. Critical appraisal of journal on the effects of cardiovascular drugs referring to appraisal tools by the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). The results of a critical appraisal of the journal by Ma et al., (2021) confirm the reliability of the study data, but further investigation is needed to ensure the safety of using 4-5 combination drugs to treat ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attacks in Indonesian population. The systematic review journal summary from Adesuyan et al., (2022) shows that angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) antihypertensive drugs can significantly reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease, with high sensitivity and heterogeneity analysis as confirmation."