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"Perkembangan teknologi serta kemajuan informasi telah menghasilkan produk tembakau baru berupa rokok elektrik. Satu-satunya payung hukum yang ditujukan untuk pengendalian konsumsi rokok elektrik sekaligus mengatur legalitasnya di Indonesia adalah instrumen cukai. Kebijakan kenaikan tarif cukai rokok elektrik yang tertuang di dalam PMK 192/PMK.010/2022 menuai berbagai polemik, seperti ketidaksetujuan dari pihak pengusaha rokok elektrik, belum adanya peraturan pendukung nonfiskal yang melengkapinya, serta efektivitas cukai rokok elektrik masih dipertanyakan keberhasilannya. Hal ini dikarenakan konsumsi rokok elektrik terus mengalami kenaikan dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strength, weakness, opportunity, dan threa dari policy maker dalam kebijakan kenaikan tarif cukai rokok elektrik. Hal tersebut dikarenakan policy maker merupakan komponen terpenting dalam terwujudnya kebijakan cukai rokok elektrik yang tepat sasaran untuk menyelesaikan masalah-masalah terkait kebijakan ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma post positivist. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini memaparkan mengenai kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang, dan tantangan dari policy maker dalam kebijakan kenaikan tarif cukai rokok elektrik. Dari hasil analisis SWOT, ditemukan strategi SO, ST, WO, dan WT yang dapat diimplementasikan untuk policy maker kebijakan ini kedepannya, antara lain: melakukan edukasi mengenai tujuan dinaikkannya cukai melalui media sosial karena masih rendahnya pemahaman masyarakat akan tujuan kenaikan tarif, mempercepat proses revisi PP 109 Tahun 2012 untuk memenuhi kekosongan payung hukum pengamanan zat adiktif dalam rokok elektrik, mengedepankan kesepakatan terbanyak dalam proses formulasi kebijakan, dan menangani maslaah yang timbul dari implementasi kebijakan ini, yaitu beredarnya rokok elektrik palsu.

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Technological developments and advances in information have resulted in new tobacco products in the form of e-cigarettes. The only legal umbrella aimed at controlling the consumption of e-cigarettes while at the same time regulating their legality in Indonesia is the excise instrument. The policy to increase the excise tax for e-cigarettes as stated in PMK 192/PMK.010/2022 has drawn various polemics, such as disapproval from e-cigarette entrepreneurs, the absence of supporting non-fiscal regulations that complement it, and the effectiveness of e-cigarette excise is still questionable. This is because the consumption of e-cigarettes has continued to increase in the last 10 years. Based on these problems, this study aims to analyze the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of policy makers in the policy of increasing e-cigarette excise rates. This is because the policy maker is the most important component in realizing an e-cigarette excise policy that is right on target to solve problems related to this policy. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a post-positivist paradigm. Data collection techniques used were in-depth interviews and literature studies. The results of this study describe the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and challenges of policy makers in the policy of increasing e-cigarette excise rates. From the results of the SWOT analysis, SO, ST, WO, and WT strategies were found that could be implemented for policy makers of this policy going forward, including: educating the purpose of increasing excise duty through social media due to low public understanding of the purpose of increasing tariffs, speeding up the revision process PP 109 of 2012 to fill the void in the legal umbrella for safeguarding addictive substances in e-cigarettes, put forward the most agreements in the policy formulation process, and deal with problems arising from the implementation of this policy, namely the circulation of counterfeit e-cigarettes."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi permasalahan kasus pencurian yang terjadi berulangpada tahun 2013, 2014, dan 2015 yang terjadi di Kawasan Industri Krakatau Steel.Sedangkan pada kondisi lain di kawasan ini telah diterapkan Sistem ManajemenPengawasan yang sesuai dengan standar Nasional. Oleh karena itu dapatdiidentifikasikan terdapat kelemahan dalam sistem security yang ada di kawasantersebut. Berdasarkan latar belakang permasalahan ini dapat dirumuskanpermasalahan mengapa terjadi kelemahan dalam sistem securiti di KawasanIndustri Krakatau Steel tersebut dan bagaimana strategi meningkatkan keamananpada sistem keamanan yang ada di Kawasan Industri Krakatau Steel. Teori yangdigunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori manajemen, teori manajemen security,survey security, konsep Crime prevention through enviromental design dan analisisSWOT. Metode penelitian yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini adalah metodesurvey yang ditujukan agar peneliti dapat melihat secara mendetail tentangpenyebab terjadinya kelemahan-kelemahan dalam sistem sekuriti tersebut,sehingga peneliti selanjutnya mampu merumuskan strategi yang tepat gunamemperbaikinya. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penyebabkelemahan dalam sistem keamanan ini adalah tidak dilakukannya pengawasan /evaluasi pada sistem keamanan elektronik, khususnya pada idcard dan sistemnya,yang terletak pada sistem akses kontrol di kawasan tersebut. Dimana karyawanyang tidak bekerja, idcardnya tidak dikembalikan, dan perusahaan tidak menutupatau memblokir id card pada karyawan yang sudak tidak bekerja lagi ditempattersebut, sehingga karu id yang dimilikinya meskipun dimiliki tidak dapatdifungsikan kembali pada sistem securiti acces control. Strategi yang dapatditerapkan guna meningkatkan sistem keamanan di kawasan tersebut adalahmeningkatkan pengawasan kinerja operator yang menjadi admin pada sistemsecurity elektronik khususnya pada acces control elektronik. Selain itu juga dapatdilakukan upaya agar setiap perusahaan dapat melakukan seleksi psikologi terhadapcalon anggota satpam baru, dan perusahaan dapat menggunakan kewenanganannyauntuk melakukan tes psikologi kepada anggota satpam yang dicurigai, sesuaidengan rekomendasi Polda Banten.

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ABSTRACTThis research is based on the problems of theft cases that occur repeatedly in 2013,2014, and 2015 that occurred in Krakatau Steel Industrial Area. While in otherconditions in this region has been implemented Supervision Management System inaccordance with national standards. Therefore it can be identified there areweaknesses in the existing security system in the region. Based on the backgroundof this problem can be formulated the problem of why there is a weakness in thesecuriti system in Krakatau Steel Industrial Area and how the strategy to improvesecurity of existing security systems in Krakatau Steel Industrial Area. Theoriesused in this research are management theory, security management theory, securitysurvey, Crime prevention through enviromental design concept and SWOTanalysis. The research method applied in this research is survey method aimed sothat the researcher can see in detail about the cause of the weaknesses in thesecurity system, so that the next researcher is able to formulate the right strategyto fix it. The results of this study indicate that the cause of the weakness in thissecurity system is the absence of monitoring / evaluation on the electronic securitysystem, especially on the idcard and the system, which is located on the accesscontrol system in the region. Where employees are not working, their idcards arenot returned, and the company does not close or block the barkor on employeeswho are not working on the premises anymore, so that their possessions eventhough owned can not be re-enabled on the securiti acces control system. Strategiesthat can be applied to improve the security system in the region is to improve thesupervision of operator performance that becomes admin on electronic securitysystem especially on electronic acces control. In addition, efforts can be made foreach company to perform psychological selection of new candidates of securityguards, and companies may use their authority to perform psychological tests tosuspect members of the security guard, in accordance with the recommendation ofBanten Police."

"Security comes from Latin, secures which means free from danger, fear, and threats which consist of traditional and non-traditional security approaches. Defense is defined as the main instrument of a country to create national security. National defense is defined as a dynamic condition of a country that covers all aspects of national life to deal with threats. National security encompasses the security of the state, society and individuals. There are still several definitions from several experts regarding the concepts of security and defense to date. This article analyses the forms of contemporary threats related to security and defense and explains their similarities and differences in the study of national resilience aimed at realizing a national security system and development of the national security system in other countries. This article uses a descriptive qualitative research design through literature study and interviews. This article explains that the forms of threats that occur in Indonesia include problems at the border area, SARA intolerance, inequality in bureaucratic reform, not optimal law enforcement, and transnational crime. Similarities and differences in the concepts of security and defense can be seen from the regulations, the concepts used, the institutions and the constitution. This article shows that national resilience is influenced by national defense and security. The safe condition of a country is inseparable from the security and defense factors alone but is synergized with each other factors such as economic, political, legal, social, cultural, ideological, geographic, demographic and natural resources."