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"Tanaman padi merupakan penghasil beras yang merupakan makanan pokok mayoritas masyarakat dunia. Produksi tanaman padi di Indonesia masih belum optimal. Metode rekayasa genetika dengan mengintroduksi gen CONSTANS (CO) dari tanaman Arabidopsis thaliana ke dalam tanaman padi kultivar Nipponbare digunakan untuk usaha peningkatan produktivitas padi. Gen CO diketahui mampu menginduksi terjadinya pembungaan pada tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui integrasi gen AtCO, pengaruh gen terhadap karakter agronomi, dan ekspresi dari gen AtCO pada tanaman padi Nipponbare transgenik generasi T2 dengan analisis morfologi dan molekular. Hasil pengamatan morfologi menunjukkan bahwa tanaman padi transgenik memiliki karakter agronomi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan tanaman padi kontrol, namun tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan umur berbunga yang signifikan. Hasil pengamatan dengan teknik Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menunjukkan 169 dari 227 tanaman padi transgenik memiliki integrasi gen higromisin dan CO. Ekspresi gen CO terdeteksi rendah pada 3 dari 4 sampel padi transgenik dengan teknik Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Hasil teknik southern blotting yang dilakukan pada 16 sampel padi transgenik menunjukkan masing-masing 6 salinan T-DNA dari 13 sampel padi transgenik.

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Rice is a staple food which is consume by the majority of world’s population. Rice production in Indonesia has not been optimal yet. A method of genetic engineering by introducing CONSTANS (CO) gene of Arabidopsis thaliana into the rice Nipponbare cultivar was used to improve rice productivity. CO gene known to induce early flowering time in plant. The aims of the experiment were to study the AtCO gene integration, the influence of AtCO gene on agronomic traits, and the expression of AtCO gene in transgenic rice Nipponbare AtCO T2 generation by morphological and molecular analysis.

Morphological observations showed that transgenic plant’s agronomic traits were better than controls, but there is no significant difference in flowering time between transgenic rice Nipponbare plants and controls. Observations with Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique showed that 169 of 227 transgenic rice Nipponbare plants have hygromycin and CO gene integration. CO gene expression detected in 3 of 4 transgenic rice plants samples using Reverse Transcription PCR (RT-PCR) technique. The southern blotting technique in 16 samples of transgenic plants showed that 13 samples have multi-copies transgen integration (6 copies)."

"Analisis Morfologi dan Molekular Padi Transgenik cv. Nipponbare yang Membawa Gen CONSTANS (CO) Terkait Umur Pembungaan. Pembungaan merupakan proses penting yang mengawali produktivitas pada tanaman. Metode rekayasa genetika dengan mengintroduksi gen CONSTANS dari tanaman Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCO) ke dalam tanaman padi kultivar Nipponbare digunakan sebagai upaya peningkatan produksi padi. Gen CO diketahui mampu menginduksi terjadinya pembungaan yang lebih awal pada tanaman. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui integrasi gen AtCO pada genom padi, pengaruh gen tersebut terhadap waktu pembungaan, dan karakter agronomi pada tanaman padi Nipponbare transgenik generasi T2. Hasil pengamatan morfologi menunjukkan bahwa tanaman padi transgenik cenderung memiliki karakter agronomi lebih baik dibandingkan tanaman padi kontrol, namun tidak menunjukkan waktu pembungaan lebih cepat. Analisis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) menunjukkan 169 dari 227 tanaman padi transgenik memiliki gen hpt dan CO yang terintegrasi ke dalam genom padi.

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Flowering is an important process that initiates plant productivity. Rice (Oryza sativa cv. Nipponbare) was genetically engineered by introducing a CONSTANS (CO) gene from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtCO) to improve rice productivity. The CO gene is a gene responsible for inducing early flowering. The aims of the experiment were to use morphological and molecular analysis to study the integration of the AtCO gene and its influence on agronomic traits in the T2 generation of Nipponbare transgenic AtCO rice. Morphological observations showed that agronomic traits tended to be better in the transgenic plants than in the wild type (controls), although the transgenic plants flowered later than the wild type. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) analysis showed that 169 out of 227 transgenic rice plants showed hpt and CO gene integration."

"Successful application of genetic transformation technique, espicially in developing rice variety resistan to brown plant hopper and stem borer, will depend on transgene being expressed and the gene inherited in a stable and predictable manner...."

"ABSTRAKMetode stokastik digunakan untuk mendapatkan penyelesaian yang layak ketika dalam permasalahan muncul masalah ketidakpastian. Jawa Barat merupakan sentra produksi padi andalan nasional. Curah hujan yang tidak menentu merusak lahan pertanian saat menanam dan memanen yang dapat mengakibatkan menurunnya produksi padi di Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara curah hujan, luas tanam dan luas panen padi dengan produksi padi di Jawa Barat. Hujan wilayah per kabupaten ditentukan berdasarkan data hujan yang terdapat pada kabupaten yang bersangkutan. Selanjutnya dilihat hubungan hujan wilayah, luas tanam dan luas panen terhadap produksi padi per kabupaten per 6 bulan menggunakan metode regresi linear dengan software SPSS dan dilakukan uji R, uji F dan uji T. Hasil uji R memperlihatkan tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 54% curah hujan, 98% luas panen dan 61% luas tanam terhadap produksi padi. Hasil uji F memperlihatkan nilai signifikansi < 5% yang artinya curah hujan, luas panen dan luas tanam berpengaruh terhadap produksi padi. Hasil uji T memperlihatkan tingkat kepercayaan sebesar 98% terhadap produksi padi, dengan nilai signifikansi < 5%, luas tanam dan luas panen padi berpengaruh terhadap produksi padi. Secara umum, luas panen dan luas tanam berpengaruh positif terhadap produksi padi sedangkan curah hujan berpengaruh negatif terhadap produksi padi.

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ABSTRACTStochastic method is used to obtain adequate solution when uncertainty arises during problem solving. West Java is a province that has a role as a reliable rice crops producer in Indonesia. Uncertainty in rainfall depth and occurrence degrades cultivation and harvesting field that eventually leads onto the reduction of rice crops yield in West Java. The main objective of this undergraduate thesis is to determine the corelation between rainfall depth, cultivated as well as harvested areas with rice crops production in West Java. Rainfall area for each district is determined in accordance to the rainfall data obtained from the referred district. Then, the relation between rainfall, cultivated and harvested areas are analyzed to the district’s rice crops production rate per six months using method of linear regression of R, F and T tests through SPSS software. The R-test shows confidence coefficient of 54% for rainfall depth, 98% for harvested area and 61% for cultivated area. Whereas F-test shows significance number of less than 5% in which refers to the condition that rainfall depth, cultivated and harvested areas do not have relevancy with rice crops production.The prediction number from T-test, on the other hand, varies greatly from 98% for rainfall depth while for cultivated and harvested areas the number is less than 5%.In general, both cultivated and harvested areas relates positively to the production of rice crops while rainfall depth does not."

"The objectives of this research were to study the effects of SRI method on the decrease of Fe-available (Fe2+) and its relation to soil nutrient status and rice yeild which planed in newly opened ricefiled....."

"The research of growth and yield of rice at various hill spacing and seedling number per hill on the system of rice intensification method was conducted at land field Agricultural Faculty Andalas University Limau Manis Padang....."