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"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai hubungan antara caregiver strain dan caregiving self-efficacy pada ibu selaku caregiver dari anak dengan retardasi mental. Pengukuran caregiver strain menggunakan alat ukur modified caregiver strain index (Thornton & Travis, 2003) dan pengukuran caregiving self-efficacy menggunakan caregiver self-efficacy scale (Boothroyd, 1993). Partisipan berjumlah 40 orang ibu yang memiliki anak yang mengalami retardasi mental. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara caregiver strain dan caregiving self-efficacy pada ibu selaku caregiver dari anak dengan retardasi mental (r = - 0,360; p = 0,023, signifikan pada L.o.S 0,05). Artinya, semakin tinggi caregiver strain yang dimiliki oleh ibu selaku caregiver dari anak dengan retardasi mental, maka semakin rendah caregiving self-efficacy yang dimilikinya. Untuk itu, disarankan agar ibu sebagai caregiver dari anak dengan retardasi mental mendapatkan intervensi untuk meningkatkan caregiving self-efficacy-nya.

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This study was conducted to find the correlation between caregiver strain and caregiving self-efficacy among mothers as caregivers of mentally retarded child. Caregiver strain was measured using modified caregiver strain index (Thornton & Travis, 2003) and caregiving self-efficacy was measured using caregiver selfefficacy scale (Boothroyd, 1993). The participants of this study are 40 mothers who have mentally retarded child. The result of this study shows that there is a significant negative correlation between caregiver strain and caregiving selfefficacy (r = - 0,360; p = 0,023, significant at L.o.S 0,05). That is, the higher caregiver strain owned by mothers as caregivers of mentally retarded child, the lower caregiving self-efficacy of their. Therefore, the mothers as caregivers for mentally retarded child need to get intervention to increase their caregiving selfefficacy. "

"Ibu umumnya berperan sebagai caregiver ketika memiliki balita dengan masalah stunting. Pengalaman ini dapat menimbulkan kecemasan pada ibu yang kemungkinan dipengaruhi oleh efikasi dirinya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan efikasi diri dengan kecemasan ibu sebagai caregiver balita stunting. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional yang melibatkan 64 ibu sebagai caregiver balita stunting yang didapatkan melalui metode consecutive sampling. Hasil penelitian sebagian besar menunjukkan ibu memiliki efikasi diri tinggi dan kecemasan normal. Analisis data bivariat dengan uji Chi Square menunjukkan hasil tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara efikasi diri dengan kecemasan ibu sebagai caregiver balita stunting (p = 0,348). Penelitian selanjutnya dapat menganalis faktor-faktor lainnya yang mungkin berkontribusi terhadap kecemasan ibu sebagai caregiver balita stunting. Dari hasil penelitian ini, peningkatan dukungan dan pengetahuan ibu, keluarga, dan masyarakat terkait stunting direkomendasikan.

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Mothers generally act as caregivers when they have toddler with stunting problems. This experience can cause anxiety in the mother which may be influenced by her self-efficacy. The aim of this research is to identify the relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety in mothers as caregivers of stunting toddler. This study used a cross-sectional approach involving 64 mothers as caregivers of stunting toddler who were obtained through a consecutive sampling method. The research results mostly show that mothers have high self-efficacy and normal anxiety. Bivariate data analysis using the chi square test showed that there was no significant relationship between self-efficacy and anxiety in mothers as caregivers of stunting toddler (p = 0,348). Further research can analyze other factors that might contribute to mothers’ anxiety as caregivers of stunting toddler. From the result of this research, increasing support and knowledge of mothers, families, and communities regarding stunting is recommended.

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"Merawat anggota keluarga yang memiliki penyakit kanker dapat menjadi sebuah tantangan bagi seorang family caregiver. Tidak jarang family caregiver merasakan caregiver burden atau beban perawatan selama proses perawatan berlangsung. Caregiver self-efficacy atau kepercayaan diri caregiver terhadap kemampuannya dalam melakukan tugas perawatan dengan baik dipercaya dapat menjadi salah satu faktor protektif bagi family caregiver dari caregiver burden. Dengan begitu, penelitian korelasional ini bertujuan untuk menguji hubungan antara caregiver self-efficacy dan caregiver burden pada family caregiver pasien kanker. Penelitian ini melibatkan 86 family caregiver pasien kanker di Indonesia yang diperoleh dari convenience sampling dengan menyebarkan tautan kuesioner kepada teman, keluarga terdekat, dan beberapa komunitas kanker di Indonesia melalui media sosial. Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan alat ukur Caregiver Inventory dan Zarit Burden Interview menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara caregiver self-efficacy dan caregiver burden pada family caregiver pasien kanker. Dengan arti, apabila family caregiver pasien kanker memiliki tingkat caregiver self-efficacy yang tinggi maka tingkat caregiver burden akan menurun dan sebaliknya. Peneliti menduga partisipan memiliki tingkat caregiver self-efficacy yang tinggi diakibatkan oleh beberapa faktor dan karakteristik partisipan, salah satunya adalah memiliki perasaan mampu untuk dapat menyelesaikan tugas perawatan dengan baik sehingga memiliki kemampuan untuk menghadapi situasi yang sulit dan mengalami caregiver burden yang lebih rendah. Temuan ini dapat menjadi landasan penelitian selanjutnya mengenai pentingnya caregiver self-efficacy pada family caregiver pasien kanker untuk mencegah dan menghadapi caregiver burden.

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Caring for a family member who has cancer can be a challenge for a family caregiver. It is not uncommon for the family caregiver to feel caregiver burden or burden of care during the treatment process. Caregiver self-efficacy or caregiver’s confidence in their ability to perform caring tasks well can be one of the protective factors for family caregiver from caregiver burden. Thus, this correlational study aimed to examine the relationship between caregiver self-efficacy and caregiver burden among family caregiver of cancer patient. This study involved 86 family caregivers of cancer patients in Indonesia obtained from convenience sampling by distributing questionnaires to friends, closest family, and several cancer communities in Indonesia through social media. The results of the study used the Caregiver Inventory and Zarit Burden Interview measuring instruments showed that there was a significant negative relationship between caregiver self-efficacy and caregiver burden among family caregiver of cancer patient. In other words, if the family caregiver of cancer patient has a high level of caregiver self-efficacy, the caregiver's burden will decrease and vice versa. Researchers suspected that participants have a high level of caregiver self-efficacy due to several factors and participant characteristics, one of which is having a feeling of being able to complete care tasks well so that they have the ability to be able to deal with difficult situations and experience a lower caregiver burden. This finding can be the basis for further research regarding the importance of caregiver self-efficacy for family caregiver of cancer patient to prevent and deal with caregiver burden."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara parenting selfefficacy dan family functioning pada ibu dari toddler. Untuk mengukur parenting self-efficacy digunakan alat ukur Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index- Toddler Scale yang dikembangkan oleh Coleman (1998), sedangkan family functioning diukur melalui Family Assessment Devices version 3 yang dikembangkan oleh Epstein, dkk. (1983). Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah ibu dari toddler yang terikat dalam ikatan pernikahan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara parenting selfefficacy dan family functioning (r=-0.567, n=83, p< 0.01, two tail). Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi parenting self-efficacy pada ibu dari toddler, maka semakin tinggi pula family functioning yang ia miliki; begitu pula sebaliknya.

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This study examined the relationship between parenting self-efficacy and family functioning among mothers of toddler. Parenting self efficacy was measured by Self-Efficacy Parenting for Tasks Index-Toddler Scale developed by Coleman (1998), whereas the family functioning was measured by Family Assessment Devices Version 3 developed by Epstein, Baldwin, and Bishop (1983). The participants of this study were 83 mothers of toddler who married.

The results of this study showed that there is a significant, negative relationship, between parenting self-efficacy and family functioning (r=-0.567, n=83, p< 0.01, two tail). It indicates that the higher parenting self-efficacy from mothers of toddler, the higher family functioning; and vice versa."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara traits dan creative selfefficacy (CSE) pada guru TK. Traits adalah dimensi dari perbedaan kecenderungan individu untuk menunjukan pola pemikiran, perasaan dan tindakan yang konsisten (McCrae dan Costa, 2003). Sementara itu, CSE merupakan keyakinan yang sementara pada individu mengenai kemampuan dirinya untuk melakukan tugas spesifik tertentu yang membutuhkan produksi solusi-solusi baru, orisinal, atau sesuai. Pengukuran traits menggunakan alat ukur IPIP (Goldberg, 1999) dan pengukuran CSE menggunakan alat ukur Revised Model Creative Thinking Self-Efficacy (CTSE) II & Creative Performance Self-Efficacy (CPSE) II Inventories (Abbott, 2010) yang telah diadaptasi oleh peneliti. Partisipan berjumlah 112 orang guru TK yang berusia 20-60 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan negatif signifikan antara trait neuroticism dan CTSE, serta terdapat hubungan positif signifikan antara trait extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, dan conscientiousness dengan CTSE dan CPSE. Namun demikian, pada trait neuroticism tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan dengan CPSE. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, perlu dilakukan screening kepribadian ketika perekrutan guru TK. Selain itu, guru TK juga dapat diberi intervensi sejak dini untuk meningkatkan CSE.

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This research was conducted to find the correlation between nature traits and creative self-efficacy (CSE) in kindergarten teachers. Traits is dimensions of individual differences in tendencies to show consistent patterns of thoughts, feelings and actions (McCrae & Costa, 2003). Meanwhile CSE is an individual's state-like belief in his or her own ability to perform the specific tasks required to produce novel original, or appropiate solutions (Abbott, 2010).

Traits was measured using an adaptation instrumen named IPIP (Goldberg, 1999) and CSE was measured using an adaptation instrument named Revised Model Creative Thinking Self-Efficacy (CTSE) II & Creative Performance Self-Efficacy (CPSE) II Inventories (Abbott, 2010). The respondent of this research are 112 kindergarten teachers.

The results of this research show that trait neuroticism negative correlated significantly with CTSE and the trait extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness positive correlated significantly with CTSE and CPSE. But there is no significant correlation between trait neuroticism and CPSE. Based on these results, kindergarten ought to held a personality screening in teacher's recruitment and give intervention, such as training or seminar to teachers that can increase creative self-efficacy."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara coping self-efficacy dan burnout pada perawat. Pengukuran coping self-efficacy menggunakan alat ukur Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (Chesney dkk., 2006) yang memiliki tiga subskala, yaitu use problem focused coping, stop unpleasant thoughts and emotions, dan get support from family and friends dengan total 26 item. Pengukuran terhadap burnout menggunakan alat ukur Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) yang memiliki tiga dimensi, yaitu emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, dan menurunnya sense of personal accomplishment dengan total 22 item. Jumlah partisipan yang diperoleh sebanyak 131 perawat. Hasil utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan antara coping self-efficacy dan burnout pada perawat, yang berarti semakin tinggi coping self-efficacy perawat, semakin rendah burnout yang dirasakan.

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The aim of this study is to investigate whether any relationship between coping self-efficacy and burnout among nurses. Coping self-efficacy was measured by Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (Chesney et al., 2006) which has three subscales, namely use problem focused coping, stop unpleasant thoughts and emotions, and get support from family and friends with a total of 26 items. Burnout was measured by Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey (Maslach & Jackson, 1981) which has three dimensions, namely emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced sense of personal accomplihsment with a total of 22 items. Participants of this study were 131 nurses. The main result of the study shows that there is a significant negative relationship between coping self-efficacy and burnout among nurses, in conclusion, the higher score of coping self-efficacy obtained by nurses, the lower they perceived burnout."

"Magister Ilmu Keperawatan Peminatan Komunitas Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas IndonesiaJudul Tesis Pembimbing: :Hubungan antara Komunikasi Orang Tua dan Anak dengan Self Efficacy Anak Usia Sekolah di SD Negeri Kreo 5 TangerangAgus Setiawan, S.Kp., M.N., D.N.Ns. Poppy Fitriyani, S.Kep., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.Kom. Self efficacy anak usia sekolah merupakan keyakinan kemampuan diri dalam hal akademik, sosial, dan emosional yang dimiliki oleh anak usia sekolah serta berpengaruh terhadap perilaku anak usia sekolah. Self efficacy merupakan faktor penting dalam perkembangan psikologis anak. Pembentukan dan perkembangan self efficacy anak usia sekolah didukung oleh peran orang tua melalui komunikasi antara orang tua dan anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua dan anak dengan self efficacy pada anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik cluster sampling. Responden penelitian ini adalah 152 siswa kelas 4,5, dan 6 SD Negeri Kreo 5 Tangerang yang berumur 10 - 12 tahun. Instrumen yang digunakan kuesioner komunikasi orang tua dan anak dan kuesioner self efficacy anak usia sekolah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara komunikasi orang tua dan anak dengan self efficacy anak usia sekolah p value < 0,001, ? 0,05 . Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pemberian promosi kesehatan dan intervensi keperawatan pada anak usia sekolah dan keluarga untuk meningkatkan self efficacy dan komunikasi antara orang tua dan anak.

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Counselor The Relationship between Parent Child Communication and Self Efficacy of School Age Children in SDN Kreo 5 TangerangAgus Setiawan, S.Kp., M.N., D.N.Ns. Poppy Fitriyani, S.Kep., M.Kep., Sp.Kep.Kom. Self efficacy of school aged children is self confidence in the academic, social, and emotional aspects of school aged children and influences the behavior of school aged children. Self efficacy is an important factor in the child 39 s psychological development. The establishment and development of self efficacy of school age children is supported by the role of parents through parent child communication.

This study aimed to determine the relationship between parent child communication and self efficacy in school aged children. This research used cross sectional research design. Sampling with cluster sampling technique. The respondents of this research were 152 students of Kreo 5 State Elementary School grade 4.5, and 6, aged 10 to 12 years old. Instrument used parent child communication questionnaire and self efficacy of school age children questionnaire.

The result of the research showed that there was a relationship between parent child communication and self efficacy of school age children p value "

"Implementasi integrasi teknologi khususnya di bidang pendidikan di Indonesia penting untuk dilaksanakan, namun masih ditemukan guru-guru yang belum terbuka terhadap perubahan dan tidak yakin akan kemampuannya untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi di dalam kelas. Penelitian korelasional ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara keterbukaan terhadap perubahan dan self-efficacy for technology integration pada guru sekolah dasar (SD). Sebanyak 88 guru SD yang berasal dari empat SD Negeri di Jakarta dan empat SD Negeri di Bogor berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Computer Technology Integration Survey (CTIS) yang diadaptasi dari Wang, Ertmer, dan Newby (2004) untuk mengukur self-efficacy for technology integration dan The Innovativeness Scale (TIS) yang diadaptasi dari Van Braak (2001) untuk mengukur keterbukaan terhadap perubahan, yang terdiri dari faktor technological innovativeness dan faktor general innovativeness. Hasil Pearson Correlation menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan antara technological innovativeness (r = 0,366, p < 0,01) maupun general innovativeness (r = 0,406, p < 0,01) dan self-efficacy for technology integration pada guru SD di Jakarta dan Bogor. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, peneliti menyarankan kepada sekolah dan pemerintah untuk memberikan pelatihan yang dapat meningkatkan keterbukaan terhadap perubahan dan keyakinan untuk mengintegrasikan teknologi pada guru sekolah dasar.

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Implementation of the technology integration especially in the field of education in Indonesia is important to be implemented, but still found the teachers were not yet open to change and are not confident in their ability to integrate technology in the classroom. This correlational study aims to seek the relationship between openness to change and self-efficacy for technology integration among elementary teacher.

Computer Technology Integration Survey (CTIS) was used to assess self-efficacy for technology integration (Wang, Ertmer, & Newby, 2004) and The Innovativeness Scale (TIS) was used to assess openness to change that consists of technological innovativeness factor and general innovativeness factor (Van Braak, 2001). 88 elementary teachers from four public elementary schools in Jakarta and four public elementary schools in Bogor participated in this study.

The result of this study showed a positive and significant correlation between technological innovativeness and self-efficacy for technology integration (r = 0,366, p < 0,01) and also between general innovativeness and self-efficacy for technology integration (0,406, p < 0,01) among elementary teacher in Jakarta and Bogor area. Based on this result, it is suggested for school and government to provide technology training for elementary teacher in order to improve their openness to change and self efficacy to integrate technology."

"Peran bystander dalam kejadian bullying sangat penting karena perilaku mereka lebih mudah dirubah dibandingkan perilaku dari pelaku yang agresif atau korban. Dalam penelitian ini ingin diketahui hubungan antara self efficacy, outcome expectancy, dan outcome values dari siswa SMA jika mereka menjadi bystander dalam situasi bullying. Partisipan penelitian ini terdiri dari 92 orang siswa tingkat Sekolah Menengah Atas di Jakarta dan Bekasi yang berumur 16 sampai 18 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat ukur yang berasal dari terjemahan kuesioner yang digunakan oleh Pöyhönen, Juvonen dan Salmivalli (2012). Variable bebas adalah Self Efficacy, Outcome Expectancy dan Outcome Values; sedangkan variabel terikat adalah respons sebagai bystander yaitu menjadi defender untuk korban, outsider atau reinforcer dari pelaku bullying. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa korelasi antara respons sebagai bystander dengan self efficacy, outcome expectancy dan outcome values signifikan. Walaupun ada korelasi antara Self efficacy, Outcome expectancy dan Outcome values dengan respon mendukung pelaku (reinforcer) atau diam saja (outsider) namun hasil penelitian ini berbeda dengan penelitian Pöyhönen dkk (2012), karena korelasi antara Self efficacy, Outcome expectancy dan Outcome values dengan respon mendukung pelaku (reinforcer) atau diam saja (outsider) negatif. Oleh karena itu perlu penelitian lebih lanjut yang berkaitan dengan variabel-variabel ini.

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Bystander’s role in bullying situation is very important for intervention because it is easier to change the bystander attitude than the perpetrator or the victim. The purpose of this research is to know if there is correlation between high school student perception of their self efficacy, outcome expectancy, and outcome values with their responses as bystander to defend victim, be an outsider or to side up with the bully. Participants are 92 students in senior high school in Jakarta and Bekasi that has a range from 16 to 18 year old. This research used the translation of the instrument that has been developed by Pöyhönen, Juvonen and Salmivalli (2012). Independent variable of this research is self efficacy, outcome expectancy and outcome values; meanwhile dependent variable of this research is the bystander’s response that can be explained such as bystander to defend victim, bean outsider or to side up with the bully. The result shows that correlation between

high school student perception of their self efficacy, outcome expectancy, and outcome values with their responses as bystander to defend victim, be an outsider or to side up with the bully is significantly even there is some result show negative. The result of this research shows some different outcome compared with Pöyhönen et al (2012) study, because there is negative correlation between the variable. It is suggested to do more research involving the variables."

"Konflik orangtua yang terjadi dipersepsikan oleh anak sebagai sesuatu yang mengancam bagi dirinya dan juga orangtuanya. Pengalaman dengan konflik orangtua dapat membentuk skema relasional yang maladaptif yang menyebabkan individu secara tidak proporsional lebih peka pada diskusi dan argumen yang negatif dan agresif, lebih mungkin mengharapkan permusuhan dan eskalasi konflik selama bertengkar dengan pasangan romantis, melakukan atribusi negatif terhadap tingkah laku pasangan, dan adanya distorsi kognitif yang membenarkan penggunaan tingkah laku agresif (Nelson, 2004). Kemudian, persepsi anak terhadap konflik orangtua juga mempengaruhi keyakinan dan ekspektasinya terkait dengan hubungan di masa depan, sehingga menurunkan self-efficacy in romantic relationship individu. Self-efficacy in romantic relationship ditemukan berhubungan dengan aspek – aspek yang termasuk ke dalam romantic competence (Fincham & Bradbury, 1987; Riggio et al., 2011, 2013; Weiser & Weigel, 2016). Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran mediasi self-efficacy in romantic relationship dalam hubungan antara persepsi anak terhadap konflik orangtua dengan romantic competence. Partisipan pada penelitian ini merupakan 162 laki-laki dan 262 perempuan dewasa awal yang sedang menjalani hubungan romantis dan tinggal bersama dengan kedua orangtua. Hasil analisis statistika regresi menunjukkan bahwa self-efficacy in romantic relationship memediasi secara parsial hubungan antara persepsi anak terhadap konflik orangtua dengan romantic competence dewasa awal (F(2,421) = 114,98, p = <0,01, LLCI= -0,228, ULCI= -0,117 R2 = 0,3533). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh persepsi anak terhadap konflik orangtua pada romantic competence dapat melalui self-efficacy in romantic relationship terlebih dahulu, namun kedua variabel dapat juga berhubungan secara langsung.

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The interparental conflict was perceived by children as a threat for them and also parents. Experiences with interparental conflict have been found to shape a maladaptive relational scheme that leads people to be more disproportionately attended to negative and aggressive discussion or argument, more likely to expect hostility and escalation of conflict during a quarrel with a romantic partner, negative attribution toward partner’s behaviours, and cognitive distortion that justify the use of aggressive behaviour (Nelson, 2004). Also, children’s perception of interparental conflict impacts their belief and expectation about their own relationship in the future, so that reduce their self-efficacy in romantic relationship. Self-efficacy in romantic relationship has been proved related to the aspects included in romantic competence (e.g. Fincham & Bradbury, 1987; Riggio et al., 2011, 2013; Weiser & Weigel, 2016). Therefore, this research aims to see the mediating role of self-efficacy in romantic relationship within the association between children’s perception of interparental conflict and romantic competence. Participant of this study consist of 162 men and 262 women who are currently in a romantic relationship and living together with both parents. The result of this study indicates that self-efficacy in romantic relationship mediates partially the relationship between children’s perception of interparental conflict and romantic competence of emerging adulthood (F(2,421) = 114,98, p = <0,01, LLCI= -0,228, ULCI= -0,117. R2 = 0,3533). This result shows that children’s perception of interparental conflict can either affect romantic competence through self-efficacy in romantic relationship or directly."