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"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai pasukan Inggris yang bertugas untuk menjalankan tugas pasca Perang Dunia II, yaitu AFNEI. Di Sumatera, pasukan ini difokuskan di kota-kota penting di Sumatera yaitu Medan, Padang, Bukittinggi, dan Palembang. Selama di Sumatera, AFNEI berhasil melucuti dan mengevakuasi Pasukan Jepang, serta menghimpun penjahat perang; dan mengevakuasi APWI. Namun, pasukan ini juga dihadapkan pada konflik antara pihak Indonesia dengan NICA dan juga Jepang yang kemudian menyeret AFNEI ke dalam konflik tersebut ketika AFNEI melakukan tindakan yang menurut pihak Indonesia adalah bentuk kerja sama dengan NICA atau Jepang.

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This thesis discusses the British troops who were doing their post-World War II duties namely AFNEI. In Sumatera, this troops were concentrated in some important cities such as Medan, Padang, Bukittinggi, and Palembang. In Sumatera, AFNEI was succeeded in taking away the Japanese weapons, evacuating them, gathering battlefield criminals, and evacuating APWI. On the other hand, this alliance also faced conflicts among Indonesians, NICA, and the Japanese colonials. AFNEI was also involved in that conflict as Indonesians suspected them to do something considered as cooperation among AFNEI, NICA, and the Japanese Colonials."

"Jurnal ini membahas lukisan Isaac lazarus Israëls, pelukis Belanda di tahun 1880-an. Di Belanda ia mendapat nama sebagai pelukis impresionistik. Ia pernah datang ke Hindia-Belanda pada tahun 1920-an dan melukis mengenai Hindia-Belanda. Penulis ingin melihat bagaimana kacamata Belanda melihat Hindia-Belanda yang dipresentasikan melalui karyanya. Beberapa karya dianalisis melalui unsur-unsur pembangun lukisan. Dari analisis tenyata pandangan Isaac Israëls berbeda ketika ia melihat Belanda dan Hindia-Belanda. Hal itu terjadi karena kedekatan emosional Isaac Israëls terhadap subjek yang dilukisnya. Meskipun dalam melukis keduanya, ia tetap setia pada aliran impresionisme.

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This journal discusses about paintings made by Isaac Lazarus Israëls, an impressionistic painter from the Netherlands in the 1880s. He came to the Netherlands East Indies in the 1920s and made some paintings there. The author aim is to look how people of the Netherlands see the Netherlands East Indies which reflected from his paintings. Some of his works will be analyzed through the painting elements. The result shows that there are some differences on how he see the Netherlands and the Netherlands East Indies. This is happening because of Isaac?s closeness toward the subject that he painted. However, the impressionism style still visible in both of his paintings."

"Tesis ini membahas dinamika penerbangan sipil di Hindia Belanda yang dimulai sejak 1November 1928-1942 oleh maskapai Koninklijke Nederlandsch Indische LuchtvaartMaatschappij KNILM. KNILM merupakan anak perusahaan KLM yang diberikan hakmonopoli oleh Pemerintah Belanda untuk mengoperasikan penerbangan sipil di Hindia Belanda.KNILM dibentuk berdasarkan persetujuan dari beberapa perusahaan besar seperti DeliMaatschappij, BPM, KPM, NHM, HVA, dengan Pemerintah Hindia Belanda. Keterlibatan Pemerintah Hindia Belanda juga besar dalam pembentukan KNILM karena pemerintah berperanaktif dalam memberikan subsidi setiap tahun. Penelitian ini ditulis dengan menggunakan metode sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik, intepretasi, dan historiografi.Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa KNILM telah berperan dalam memperkenalkan dan mengembangkan penerbangan sipil di Hindia Belanda melalui upayanya dalam melakukan ekspansi rute penerbangan baik di kepulauan Hindia Belanda dan beberapa negara tetangga seperti Singapura, Australia, dan Indo-China. KNILM juga melakukan ekspansi sarana dan prasarana yangmeliputi, pembelian pesawat-pesawat baru, penyedian pilot dan tenaga ahli lain nya melalui pelatihan dan pendirian sekolah penerbangan, pemenuhan bahan bakar, hingga pembangunan bandara lengkap dengan fasilitas akomodasi untuk menunjang penerbangan sipil. KNILM berperan dalam mendorong perkembangan ekonomi melalui penyediaan layanan pengangkutan penumpang, barang, dan khusus. Rute-rute udara KNILM telah membentuk sebiah jaringan udara yang mampu menghubungkan satu pulau dengan pulau lainnya di Hindia Belanda. Jaringan udara tersebut pada akhirnya menciptakan integrasi wilayah, sosial, dan budaya diHindia Belanda.

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This study focuses on the dinamycs of civil aviation in the Netherlands East Indies from 1928 to1942. Koninklijke Nederlandsch Indische Luchtvaart Maatschappij KNILM . The airline was a subsidiary of KLM, centered in Amsterdam. The Royal Dutch Government gave a monopoly right to the airline to run civil aviation in the Netherlands East Indies. KNILM was established by several big companies such as, Deli Maatschappij, BPM, KPM, NHM, HVA, and the Government of the Netherlands East Indies. The government played an important role to actively support by giving a subsidy annually. This research based on a historical method including, heuristic, critic, interpretation, and historiography.The purpose of the study is to describe how the KNILM roles both, in introduction and development of civil aviation by a series of efforts toexpand air routes in the Netherlands East Indies and in the its neighborhood countries whichcovered Singapore, Australia, and Indo China as well. KNILM also expanded facilities to support civil aviation including, purchase several new type of aircrafts, arrangement of pilots by some training programs and establishment of flying school, supply of sufficient petrol, and the establishment some new airports that equipped with accommodation facilities. KNILM also hadboosted economies by providing services of people, freight, and special carriage. Air routes ofKNILM had created air networks that enabled to connect one island to other islands in theNetherlands East Indies. Those air networks eventually integrated the Netherlands East Indiesnot only in regional, but also in social and cultural integration."

"Although previous research shows that the introduction of bicycles drove recreational travel in Western Europe, North America, and Australia, to this day, little is known about tourist cycling in other parts of the world. Nevertheless, a broader geographical context is desirable: the study of the early days of tourist cycling in former European colonies in Southeast Asia can enhance our understanding of the strong political dimensions of tourist travel in a colonial context, as it is interconnected with the project of imperialism, technological change, and modernity. This article examines the early days of tourist cycling in the former Netherlands East Indies from 1884 to 1900. The central questions are: What were the communicated experiences of cycling tourists in the Netherlands East Indies in the late nineteenth century? And what were the ideological foundations underlying their experiences? The research corpus consists of the issues of De Kampioen – the magazine of the Dutch bicycle association ANWB – from this period. It indicates that tourist cycling emerged in various forms in the Netherlands East Indies at the end of the nineteenth century. Whereas most of the Dutch cyclists’ texts that have been examined, strongly emphasize an aesthetic experience, the Australians Burston and Stokes, as the epitome of imperial self-assurance, describe their journey in their travel text more emphatically as dangerous and thereby as a form of adventure tourism. Although the ANWB had some Asian and female members before 1900, episodes of De Kampioen from the nineteenth century extol the physical achievements of Western men. In doing so, these androcentric accounts also underscore the European patriarchal system and the racial hierarchy that supported Dutch colonialism in Southeast Asia."