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"Size effect on structural strength is normally understood as the effect of the characteristic structure size on the nominal strength of the structure when geometrically similar structures are compared. Fracture test are usually conducted on relatively small specimen and them this information is extrapolated to large structures. The question is that are we able to reproduce the size effect in the modern numerical techniques. Numerical calculations by computational code based on finite element have been done. The results show that in order to produce a size effect, it is necessary to use a regularization method."

"Size effect on structural strength is normally understood as the effect of the characteristic structure size on the nominal strength of the structure when geometrically similar structures are compared. Fracture test are usually conducted on relatively small specimen and them this information is extrapolated to large structures. The question is that are we able to reproduce the size effect in the modern numerical techniques. Numerical calculations by computational code based on finite element have been done. The results show that in order to produce a size effect, it is necessary to use a regularization method."

"This study explores the effect of increased concrete strength on the behavior of concrete failure. Experimental testing using a three-point bend (TPB) test proposed by RILEM was carried out to calculate the value of fracture energy (GF), stress intensity factor (KIC), and characteristic length (lch) of the concrete. The values of GF and lch, which are proportional to the fracture process zone based on the fictitious crack model, were employed to determine the effect of concrete strength on the concrete’s fracture characteristic. KIC was engaged to describe the initial crack in the concrete. Four different concrete strengths of 40, 47, 53, and 100 MPa—were manufactured to produce notched beam specimens with single-sized notches 25 mm deep. Results revealed that the values of GF and KIC increased in the stronger concretes. However, the value of lch decreased significantly as concrete strength increased."

"The maturity is a nondesctructive testing"

"This monograph presents recent research findings on fracture properties and behavior of the composites, and their damage and cracking process under both quasi-static and impact loading conditions. Theoretical treatment, experimental investigation and numerical simulation aspects of the mechanics of composites, including sandwich structures are included."

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this research is to reproduce the experimental result using finite element approach with damage model coupled to creep. The calibration of coupling between creep and local damage model associated with size effect law proposed by Bazant are presented in this thesis. Its behavior was investigated through two kinds of studies, the loading rate effect and residual capacity test. Three different sizes of beam, which are geometrically similar specimens, were simulated in three point bending test and creep test divided into load level test and residual capacity test. Numerical simulation was doneusing existing finite element code Aster_ Code developed by EDF (Eiectricite de France) for coupling between local damage based on bi-linear elasto-damage model and creep based on Benboudjema theory. Result show that the finite element code is capable to reproduce the experimental result qualitatively. The interaction between creep and local damage is shown through size effect plot by giving the behavior shift to the right, which means that the materials become more brittle when creep appears.
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