Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Contents: (1) Presents a comprehensive picture of the issue of migrant workers that has emerged due to China's urbanization.(2) Compares the processes of China s migration of labor and population, and its urbanization and industrialization with those of developed and developing countries.(3) Examines the social and economic trends regarding China's migrant workers and the impact they have on China's economy and society.(4) Proposes the construction of a social support system for migrant workers that will aid China's central government in developing its macroeconomic policy."

"Buruh migran perempuan Indonesia harus memenuhi prosedur dan dokumen legal seperti paspor, visa, dan surat izin kerja agar dapat bekerja sebagai buruh migran berdokumen di Malaysia. Disisi lain, pemerintah melakukan upaya-upaya institusionalisasi migrasi dengan tujuan melindungi buruh migran perempuan Indonesia serta membuat arus migrasi menjadi lebih aman. Faktanya, masih terdapat buruh migran perempuan Indonesia yang memilih bermigrasi secara illegal (tidak berdokumentasi). Melalui kacamata feminis liberal, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis alasan buruh migran perempuan Indonesia memilih bermigrasi secara illegal dengan memfokuskan pada faktor-faktor ekonomi dan non-ekonomi pada tahapan sebelum migrasi dan migrasi.

---

Indonesian women migrant workers have to fulfill all of the procedures and legal documents such as Passport, Visa, and also the working permission to be able to work as a documented migrant workers in Malaysia. On the other side, Government need to do the migration institutionalisation to protect Indonesian female migrant workers to make the stream of migration safer. Unfortunately, there are still a lot of Indonesian women migrant workers that choose to migrate and work in Malaysia illegally (undocumented). Through the lens of feminist liberalism, this research intend to analyze the reasons of Indonesian women migrant workers that choose to migrate and work illegally by focusing on the economic and non-economic factors at the stage of pre-migration and migration."

"ABSTRAKNegara mempunyai tanggung jawab melindungi dan mensejahterakan rakyat melalui sistem pemerintahan yang berfungsi dengan baik namun sayangnya kondisi Indonesia tidak seperti itu. Kurangnya lapangan pekerjaan di negara sendiri serta meningkatnya permintaan negara luar akan tenaga kerja Indonesia, mendorong masyarakat untuk melakukan migrasi. Dengan hasil remitansi yang besar, pemerintah Indonesia juga mendorong hal tersebut. Tindak migrasi tersebut pada awalnya menguntungkan semua pihak kecuali TKI itu sendiri. Ketika terjadi permasalahan, negara kewalahan dalam menangani kasus-kasus tersebut karena kurangnya langkah preventif. Kondisi Indonesia sebagai Weak State mempersulit pengurusan TKI di luar negeri. Kondisi tersebut diakibatkan oleh krisis ekonomi 1998 dan semenjak saat itu Indonesia mengupayakan untuk memperbaiki keadaaan tersebut tanpa hasil yang signifikan. Kondisi internal yang tidak stabil mempersulit peningkatan kapasitas pemerintahan; yang sebenarnya mempunyai tugas dalam menjamin perlindungan warga negara di luar maupun di dalam negeri. Pada akhirnya ketidakmampuan ini merefleksikan kelemahan yang melemahkan bargaining position Indonesia di dalam dunia internasional.

---

ABSTRACT

The state bears the responsibility to protect and to provide welfare to the people through a system of government that is functioning properly, but unfortunately the condition of Indonesia is far from its ideal state. The high unemployment rate as well as the increasing demand of Indonesian Migrant workers from country such as Saudi Arabia encouraging them to perform migration. The increasing numbers of remittance income compels the Indonesian government to keep sending migrant workers. The migration was initially beneficial to all parties except the TKI itself. When a problem occurs, the state?s difficulty in handling such cases because of the lack of preventive measures. Indonesian conditions as Weak State complicates the management of migrant workers abroad. The condition was caused by the economic crisis in 1998 and since then Indonesia seek to improve such circumstances without any significant results. Unstable internal conditions complicate governance capacity building; which actually is responsible to ensure the protection of citizens in and outside the country. Ultimately, this inability, reflects the weakness that weakens the bargaining position of Indonesia in the international world."

"Para pekerja migran Indonesia asal Lembata sudah lama dikenal luas sebagai bagian dari migran tradisional sejak tahun 1950an yang bermigrasi ke Sabah, Malaysia. Mereka bermigrasi ke Sabah dengan didasarkan pada nilai-nilai jaringan sosial yang berakar dari para migran pioneer mereka yang sudah terlebih dahulu tinggal di Sabah. Sekalipun Pemerintah Indonesia sudah menciptakan banyak peraturan perundang-undangan seperti Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2004 tentang Penempatan dan Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Indonesia di Luar Negeri, akan tetapi para pekerja migran asal Lembata tetap cendrung mempergunakan jalur non prosedural ketimbang jalur prosedural sebagaimana dikampanyekan dan dijamin oleh pemerintah. Berdasarkan pendekatan kualitatif, hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa jaringan sosial pekerja migran asal Lembata sudah terstruktur dengan kokoh karena didukung oleh nilai-nilai lokal mereka sendiri baik dari segi kultur sosial, struktur sosial maupun proses.

---

The Indonesian migrant workers from Lembata have been widely known as a part of the traditional migrant workers since 1950s in Sabah Malaysia. They migrate to Sabah based on their social network rooted by their pioneers migrant in Sabah. Although the government of Indonesia has created many rules and regulations such as Act No. 39/2004 (Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 2004) about the Placement and Protection of the Indonesian Overseas Workers, however, migrant workers from Lembata prefer to use unprocedural system then procedural one as campaigned and guaranteed by the goverment. Based on a qualitative approach, found that the social network of the migrant workers from Lembata is well structured which supported by their own values both in social culture, structure, and process."

"The plantation sector the oil palm is a growing industry in Sabah contributing a big chunk to the state's economy. However, the sector is also for hiring the biggest number of illegal foreign workers, with approximately more than 2 million. its heavy reliance on foreign and illegal workers, it is highly vulnerable to any government's action that seeks to repatriate illegal worker This paper intends examine two pertinent questions namely why plantations hire illegal workers, and why do foreign workers choose to work as illegal instead of being employed legally This paper is based on several in various plantations throughout Sabah, namely Sandakan, Kinabatangan Lahad Datu and Tawau. This study employed the qualitative method involving observations. The data are also gathered through the interviews with thirty respondents including the government officials, estate managers, and foreign as well as local workers. This study concludes that immigrants frequently decide to work as undocumented workers out of their own will. They also claimed that they conveniently fill in the need for human resources as the locals are not keen to work in estates. Unperturbed by their illegal status, the foreign workers are generally content with their relatively lucrative income. "