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"This study aimed to demonstrate class switch recombination (CSR) in heavy chain expressing immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgE in human B cells (CD20+CD27-) were cultured with crude P. falciparum antigen (cPfAg) and anti-CD40. on day 4 post-exposure, total RNA from B cells was prepared and the occurance of CSR from IgM to IgG and/or IgE was investigated by reverse transciption-polymerase chain reaction. Molecular markers to detect active CSR included enzyme activation-induced cytidine deaminase mRNA, y and e-germline transcripts (y,e-GLT), circle transcript (CT) and mature transcript (y and e-mRNA) expression. On day 7 and day 14 after exposure, levels of Igs in the culture supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings showed that we could demonstrate cPfAg-stimulated B cells undergoing CSR by use of the expressed CSR markers and the increase in spesific IgG and IgE indicating the potential of this approach in the study of CSR in P. falciparum stimulated B cells. "

"For millennia, people have been searching for the elusive fountain of youth - the key to living a long, healthy, productive and fulfilling life. Is it merely a matter of luck or good genes that some of us reach advanced years free of disease, debility and disability? Or are there proven strategies that we can adopt to make our lives longer, stronger and altogether more rewarding? In THE FOUNTAIN, pioneers and leaders in the fields of healing, wellness, nutrition, vitamin and mineral therapy, exercise physiology and beauty share the wisdom they've gained to guide all of us to the fountain of youth. Among the topics addressed in these easy-to-read, succinct essays are: � How the interaction among nutrition, vitamins, exercise and meaningful work and relationship enhances wellness at every stage � How vitamin therapy can guard against chronic disease, even into old age � How proper nutrition prevents the onset of disease and boosts well-being � How cultivating relationships assuages stress and serves as a buffer against disease � How meditation and other relaxation practices set the state for lifelong wellness � How natural strategies enhance beauty at all ages A book you'll return to again and again in your own quest for natural, holistic ways to make each day count, as you count more days of healthy life."

"Show me your teeth," the great naturalist Georges Cuvier is credited with saying, "and I will tell you who you are." In this shattering new work, veteran health journalist Mary Otto looks inside America's mouth, revealing unsettling truths about our unequal society. Teeth takes readers on a disturbing journey into America's silent epidemic of oral disease, exposing the hidden connections between tooth decay and stunted job prospects, low educational achievement, decreased social mobility, and the troubling state of our public health. Otto's subjects include the pioneering dentist who made Shirley Temple and Judy Garland's teeth sparkle on the silver screen and helped create the all-American image of "pearly whites"; Deamonte Driver, the young Maryland boy whose tragic death from an abscessed tooth sparked congressional hearings; and a marketing guru who offers advice to dentists on how to push new and expensive treatments and how to keep Medicaid patients at bay. In one of its most disturbing findings, Teeth reveal that toothaches are not an occasional inconvenience, but rather a chronic reality for millions of people, including disproportionate numbers of the elderly and people of color. Many people, Otto reveals, resort to prayer to counteract the uniquely devastating effects of dental pain. Otto also goes back in time to understand the roots of our predicament in the history of dentistry, showing how it became separated from mainstream medicine, despite a century of growing evidence that oral health and general bodily health are closely related. Muckraking and paradigm-shifting, Teeth exposes for the first time the extent and meaning of our oral health crisis. It joins the small shelf of books that change the way we view society and ourselves - and will spark an urgent conversation about why our teeth matter."