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"Wilayah Kerja West Kampar terletak di cekungan Sumatera Tengah, yang sudah terbukti sebagai proven basin. Struktur Pendalian terletak di dalam area West Kampar dan status saat ini adalah produksi dengan kapasitas produksi kurang lebih 900BOPD. Kandungan minyak yang diproduksi diperoleh dari formasi Sihapas.Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan inversi simultan untuk menghasilkan Ip, Is dan vp/vs untuk melihat persebaran litologi dan fluida pada reservoar Sihapas. Pemodelan awal dengan input frekuensi difilter pada high pass 10 Hz dan high cut 15 Hz, dan parameter inversi untuk memperoleh tren garis regresi linear diperoleh harga k:2,67; kc: -17,59; m: 0,27 dan mc: -1,77Dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada penampang seismik lintasan 59 (antara CDP 1421-1454) pada klosure tinggian disekitar sumur Pendalian-3 diperoleh nilai Ip = 12000 (ft/s)*(gr/cc) yang ditunjukkan dengan warna kuning dan Is =1208 (ft/s)*(gr/cc) yang ditunjukkan dengan warna kuning cenderung orange. Dengan membandingkan kecepatan vp/vs yang memiliki nilai antara 2-3 dapat diprediksi sebagai batuan reservoar yang berasosiasi minyak.

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West Kampar working area is located in the Central Sumatra basin, which has been proven as a proven basin. Pendalian structure is located in the West Kampar area and the current status is a production and the production capacity approximately 900BOPD. The content of the produced oil derived from Sihapas Formation.

This research be carrying out simultaneous inversion specifically analyzes the velocity ratio vp / vs to see the lithology and fluid distribution in the Sihapas reservoir. Initial modeling with the input frequency high pass filtered at 10 Hz and 15 Hz high cut, and parameter inversion to obtain the linear regression trend line obtained k price: 2,67; kc: -17.59; m: 0.27 and mc: - 1.77

Of the study showed that the seismic track 59 (the CDP 1421-1454) on closure heights around the well Pendalian-3 obtained value Ip = 12000 (ft/s) * (gr/cc) are shown in yellow and Is = 1208 (ft/s) * (gr/cc), which is indicated by the yellow color tends to orange. By comparing the speed of vp/vs which has a value between 2-3 can be predicted as the associated oil reservoir rocks."

"Lapangan BOS, berlokasi di daerah onshore blok Malacca Strait, cekungan Sumatera Tengah, telah dilakukan pengeboran 3 sumur di tahun 2006 - 2007, yaitu sumur BOS-01, BOS-02, dan BOS-03. Pada lapangan ini memiliki kasus yang unik karena pada dua sumur, BOS-01 (yang berada di crestal structure) dan BOS-03 (berada di flange structure, sebelah selatan dari BOS-01), mendapatkan hidrokarbon berupa gas pada formasi Lower Pematang yang menampakkan feature brighspot. Sedangkan sumur BOS-02 (berada di flange structure, sebelah utara sumur BOS-01), yang juga memiliki target pada feature brighspot pada formasi Lower Pematang, ternyata mendapatkan litologi shale. Untuk menganalisis lebih lanjut, dilakukan analisis dan interpretasi Geofisika, yaitu karakterisasi reservoir dengan menggunakan Impedansi Akustik untuk membedakan zona reservoar dan non-reservoar, dan analisis AVO untuk memprediksi kandungan fluida pada Formasi Lower Pematang tersebut. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa litologi shale yang berada di sumur BOS-02, kemungkinan terbentuk/tersedimentasi karena secara posisi struktur sumur BOS- 02 lebih rendah daripada sumur BOS-01, dimana suplai sedimentasi berasal dari arah North-East ke South-West.

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BOS field, located in the onshore of block Malacca Strait, Central Sumatra basin, have 3 wells, were drilled in 2006-2007, there are BOS-01, BOS-02, and BOS-03. This field has unique case, because in two wells, BOS-01 (located at crestal structure) and BOS-03 (located at the flange, south of BOS-01), got hydrocarbon gas at Lower Pematang formation with brighspot feature. But at BOS-02 well (located at the flange, north of BOS-01), with same target at brighspot feature, got shale and categorized as wet.

For further analysis, this study use analysis and geophysical interpretation, used to characterize reservoir at Lower Pematang Formation, there are Acoustic Impedance to differentiate reservoir zone and non-reservoir, and the AVO Analysis to predict fluid content on the Lower Pematang Formation. Result of this study shown that lithology shale on BOS-02 well, sedimented because BOS-02 well located on the lower position (flange) than BOS-01, while sedimentation supply have direction North-East to South-West."

"Pemetaan distribusi reservoir pada lapangan X, Jawa Barat Utara, dilakukan dengan menggunakan seismik inversi impedansi akustik dan analisis atribut RMS. Pada studi ini data seismik diinversi menjadi nilai impedansi akustik yang diturunkan dari data sumur untuk mengubah data volume seismik menjadi data volume impedansi akustik. Inversi seismik model based digunakan untuk melakukan proses tersebut. Analisa terfokus pada hasil inversi dan atribut RMS pada reservoar batu pasir Oligocence awal. Identifikasi pada reservoar dari data sumur terlihat pada kedalaman 2500 m - 2700 m dengan ketebalan yang relatif tipis yaitu berkisar 8 m. Berdasarkan data log dan hasil inversi, reservoar batu pasir memiliki nilai impedansi akustik yang cukup tinggi yaitu sekitar 8500 - 13000 (m/s)*(gr/cc). Hasil inversi dan atribut dapat mendeteksi distribusi batu pasir pada horizon Reservoar di formasi Pre-TAF terkonsentrasi pada bagian barat hingga selatan daerah penelitian.

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Mapping the distribution of reservoirs in the field of X, the North West Java, is carried out by using seismic acoustic impedance inversion and attribute analysis of RMS. In this study the seismic inversion is constrained by well to change the volume of seismic data to the data volume of acoustic impedance. Seismic inversion model based is used to invert the siesmic data. Analysis is focused on the inversion results and RMS attributes of the reservoir of sandstone Oligocence early. Identification of the reservoir from well data visible at a depth of 2500 m - 2700 m with a relatively thin thickness of about 8 m. Based on well data and the results of inversion, reservoir sandstone has a value of acoustic impedance is high at around 8500 -13 000 (m / s) * (g / cc). The results of inversion and attributes can detect the distribution of sandstones at Reservoar horizon in the formation of Pre-TAF concentrated in the west to the southern area of research."

"ABSTRACTThe study establishes the thickness and distribution of the ?X? sandstonereservoir in the ASA Field that is located at the southern margin of West NatunaBasin, southwestern South China Sea. The field is located on top of the ?D?horst, which is bordered by the east-northeast (ENE) -west-southwest (WSW)trending basement ridge on the south. By application of discrete Fouriertransform (DFT) on high-resolution 3D seismic data over a short windowcovering the geologic zone of interest, the amplitude spectra of an ?X?sandstone prone channel can help delineate temporal bed thickness variabilityand sandstone distribution.Spectral decomposition is just valid for analysis covered one waveletseismic that will decrease the noise, so that all of frequency range until Nyquistfrequency can be used for analysis. Noise appearance can be used todetermine geological boundaries such as channels and sand bars, but it cannotbe used for the thickness estimation. The maximum value of the first peakfrequency will determine the thinnest layer observable within analysis window.The average tuning thickness ranges is from 30 to 40 feet. The thinnestdetectable layer is about 12 feet that are found at the finite area, this is equalwith 1/12λ, where λ is seismic wavelet wavelength. The tuning thickness of thesandstone reservoir detected by spectral decomposition analysis is thinner thanconventional tuning calculation which is about 35 feet on ¼λ.The paleo-stream flow is interpreted to be from northwest to southeastacross the study area based on spectral decomposition analysis. Faulting wasnot active during ?X? sandstone deposition as evidenced by lack of downthrownthickening and continuity of interpreted sand bars across faulted area.Based on this study, more advance study is recommended to be done tounderstand the optimum window length for spectral decomposition analysisespecially using more than one seismic wavelet to determine sand distributionand its thickness. More advanced method of spectral decomposition analysis isnecessary to detect, within one seismic wavelet, variation in bulk rock propertiesfrom which inferences regarding depositional environment and lithology can bemade."

"ABSTRACTTo define reservoir potential or to have a better understanding of reservoircharacterization become the most important part to get many subsurface information.It will be very useful to analyze and prospect new candidates. Reservoircharacterization combined with the formation evaluation data between vertical andhorizontal dimensions will produce a geologic model, which is used as an input forreservoir simulation.The objectives of this research is to develop a reservoir model within the producinginterval of interest defined as horizons ?E? where it plays as a main oil target. It is apart of the Salemba Field, Kutai Basin, East Kalimantan.A geostatistical method used for the study was stochastic since the data setavailability is good. But to have better self confidence, a glance of deterministicmethod was applied to see how the differences. There are three kind of stochasticmethod will try for facies modeling, there are: Object-base Modeling, FaciesTransition and Sequential Indicator Simulation. Each method was varied usingexponential types of variogram, which is considered as the best match use in MutiaraField.By using the existing software, it resulted more than 10 good scenarios andrealizations of geological model generated for this study. Also the criterion of themain ranking will use the OOIP and OGIP. The result also was calibrated withcurrent condition, cumulative production and recovery factor to see the remainingreserves."

"Lapangan XYZ adalah lapangan gas yang berada di Selat Makasar Kalimantan Timur. Lapangan ini terletak di bagian timur dari laut dalam Delta Mahakam dan kedalaman rata-rata air laut di daerah ini kurang lebih 6000 feet. Reservoir di lapangan ini dipercaya sebagai endapan turbidite laut dalam, dan dikenal sebagai "deep water channelized system" yang berumur antara Pliosen bawah - Miosen Atas. Oleh karena itu reservoir di daerah ini memiliki kuantitas dan kualitas yang sangat bervariasi.Dalam penelitian ini dipilih metoda dekomposisi spektral yang hasilnya diharapkan akan dapat digunakan dalam mendeliniasi, dan analisa facies reservoir dengan pendekatan model yang telah ada sebelumnya dan telah dilakukan oleh Slatt 2006. Sementara ekstraksi atribut RMS dilakukan untuk melihat distribusi kandidat reservoir sekaligus menjadi pembanding dan pendukung informasi yang didapat dari metoda dekomposisi spektral.Hasil penelitian ini pada akhirnya akan sangat berguna bagi perhitungan cadangan rinci, yang akan sangat tergantung pada geometri dan kualitas reservoir. Selain itu juga akan berguna bagi perencanaan produksi pada fase eksploitasi.Dari hasil penelitian ini , didapatkan tiga facies reservoir dan hubungan korelasi yang kuat antara metode dekomposisi spektral dengan ekstraksi atribut RMS tersebut. Dengan ektraksi atribut RMS dapat dilihat distribusi reservoir secara umum berdasarkan tingginya nilai atribut RMS. Sementara untuk deliniasi reservoir secara lebih rinci diperoleh dari hasil analisis dekomposisi spektral. Universitas Indonesia.

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The XYZ Field is one of the gas fields located in Makasar Strait-East Kalimantan. It lies in the Eastern part of deepwater Mahakam Delta. The average water depth in the area is about 6000 feet. The reservoir of this field is believed to be the product of deepwater turbidite sedimentation as "deep water channelized system" of Lower Pliocene to Upper Miocene in age. As a consequence reservoir of this area has great variations in quality and quantity.

In this research the spectral decomposition method was chosen and expected to be used in reservoir deliniation and facies analysis based on previous model approaches Slatt, 2006. While RMS attribute extraction carried out in order to analyze the distribution of reservoir candidate as well as the benchmark and supporting information for the spectral decomposition method.

The result of this study will be very important for detail reserved calculations, which will be very rely on to the reservoir geometry and quality. Moreover it will be very useful for the production planning at the exploitation phase.

From this study, it is concluded there are 3 (three) main facies of reservoir in the area, and there is a strong correlation between result of spectral decomposition and RMS attribute. From the RMS attribute extraction, the author found a general reservoir distribution based on the height of RMS value. Meanwhile for more detail reservoir deliniation, it has been achieved from the spectral decomposition analysis."

"Semakin menipisnya cadangan minyak bumi dan semakin sempitnya daerah eksplorasi merupakan tantangan untuk mengoptimalkan pencarian dan perolehan minyak bumi dengan pengembangan metoda-metoda tertentu. Keterbatasan data adalah suatu permasalahan yang dapat diatasi dengan mengintegrasikan data-data dari segala aspek (geofisika, geologi, reservoir) kemudian dengan metoda tertentu dapat menggambarkan karakteristik reservoir suatu lapangan.Dalam penelitian ini metoda gabungan seismik inversi impedansi akustik gelombang-P dan geostatistik mencoba memberikan pendekatan untuk memetakan properti pada suatu reservoar batupasir dan konglomerat formasi Tanjung di lapangan minyak X yang terdapat di cekungan Barito, Kalimantan.Hasil akhir pemetaan properti Øeff mampu memberikan informasi yang cukup baik dan berguna dalam penentuan lokasi pengeboran dan penentuan area untuk dilakukannya waterflood dengan lebih akurat. Hasil penelitian ini juga dapat digunakan sebagai masukan simulasi reservoir untuk menentukan pola sumur injeksi-produksi dalam projek waterflood.

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Decreasing oil reserve and exploration areas are challenges to optimize oil recovery by developing advance methods used in the oil industry. Data limitation is a solvable problem with integrating some data from all aspect (geophysics, geology, reservoir) and using some method capable of describing reservoir characteristics.

This research is using acoustic impedance from P-wave inversion of seismic data and geostatistic method to give some approach for describing reservoir sandstone and conglomerat in Tanjung formation at X oil field, Barito basin, Kalimantan.

The result is a distribution Øeff that give good information and benefit in determination of drilling location and prospect area in waterflood project accurately. The result is also used as an input in reservoir simulation for determining well injection-production pattern in waterflood project."

"Dalam pengembangan suatu lapangan minyak dipengaruhi banyak faktor. Salah satu faktor yang penting untuk dipertimbangkan adalah patahan dan rekahan pada batuan reservoar. Patahan dan rekahan dapat dikenali dengan menggunakan data sumur maupun data seismic terutama seismic 3D. Umumnya patahan dikenali langsung dengan melihat data seismik 3D sebagai ketidak menerusan seismic event. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan sebuah metode yang disebut Ant-Track. Metode ini digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi patahan berdasar data seismic 3D dan rekahan pada sumur yang berasosiasi dengan patahan tersebut. Metode ini dikembangkan dari sebuah algoritma yang disebut Ant Colony Based Routing Algorithm. Metode ini mampu memperjelas gambaran patahan dengan menggunakan data seismic 3D. Dengan menggunakan metode ini dapat diketahui letak patahan secara lebih jelas dibandingkan dengan metode yang ada sebelumnya seperti metode pengamatan langsung pada sayatan seismic maupun penghitungan varian. Metode pengamatan langsung pada sayatan seismic hanya mampu menunjukkan gambaran fault besarnya saja. Metode penghitungan varian akan bisa menunjukkan ketidak menerusan trace seismic saja. Ketidak menerusan trace seismic ini bisa berupa gambaran patahan ataupun perubahan fasies sehingga tidak spesifik menggambarkan patahan. Dalam metode ant-track tidak hanya mampu menggambarkan patahan tetapi juga mampu menunjukkan patahan yang berasosiasi dengan data rekahan dan patahan yang diproleh dari data FMI di sumur minyak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengaplikasi metode ant-track pada sebuah daerah contoh untuk mendapatkan gambaran patahan yang berasosiasi dengan rekahan di sumur minyak secara lebih jelas dan menemukan adanya hidokarbon yang terperangkap dalam rekahan-rekahan yang berasosiasi dengan patahan tersebut.

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Oil field development is depend on many factor. One of important factor to consider is fault and fractures at reservoir rock.. Fault and fracture could defined using wells data and seismic data especially 3D seismic. Usually the fault was identified by direct observation on seismic section as discontinuity of seismic event. In this study the method was used called ant track to identify the fault base on seismic data and fractures which associated with those fractures base on wells data. This method developed base on an algorithm called Ant Colony Based Routing Algorithm. This method can enhance the fault image quality using seismic 3D data. Ant-Track method can define clearer the fault location than the previous method like direct observation in seismic section and variance calculated section. The direct observation in seismic section can give the main fault image only and the variance calculated section can show the trace seismic discontinuity. These trace continuity could be fault, or facies change. The ant-track method is not only showing very clear fault but also can show fault which are associated with fractures. The fractures image from FMI used to guide fault distribution in seismic 3D. The purpose of this study is applying the ant-track method at a sample area to get the fault image which is associated with fractures in wells more clearly and find the potential hydrocarbon trap in fractured reservoir."

"Formasi karbonat Abenaki berumur Jurrasic-Akhir pada Lapangan Penobscot, Pantai Timur Provinsi Nova Scotia, Canada, di interpretasikan sebagai platform karbonat laut dangkal yang didominasi oleh oolitic limestone yang menjalar sepanjang tepian paparan samudera. Tugas akhir ini bertujuan untuk membangun model geologi berdasarkan integrasi data geofisika dan petrofisika, yang digunakan untuk deskripsi geometri pada kerangka struktur dan distribusi fasies dan properti petrofisika seperti porositas, saturasi air, dan kandungan lempung. Perhitungan potensi hidrokarbon di dalam reservoar karbonat dilakukan berdasarkan model properti petrofisika yang didistribusikan berdasarkan korelasinya terhadap Atribut Impedansi Akustik, yang dapat diperoleh dari proses inversi seismik. Crossplot antara Impedansi Akustik dengan properti petrofisika menunjukkan hubungan dalam identifikasi litologi yang kemudian menjadi dasar pada distribusi fasies dan properti reservoar. Hasil perhitungan volumetrik yang dikontrol oleh properti akustik menjadi acuan yang penting dalam pengembangan dan rencana produksi Lapangan Penobscot.

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The Upper Jurassic carbonate Abenaki formation in Penobscot Field, East Coast of Nova Scotia Province, Canada, is interpreted as a submarine carbonate platform dominated by oolitic limestone lies along the ancient shelf edge. This undergraduate thesis is to build the geological model based on integration of geophysical and petrophysical data, which used to describe geometry of structural framework and distribution of facies and petrophysical properties such as porosity, water saturation, and clay content. Calculation of hydrocarbon potential within the carbonate reservoir is performed based on the property model, which distributed with its correlation with Acoustic Impedance Attribute that can be obtained from seismic inversion process. The crossplot between Acoustic Impedance with the petrophysical properties showing relationship in lithology identification which then became the basis of the facies and reservoir properties distribution. The results of volumetric calculation that controlled by acoustic property will be a noteworthy reference on the development and production plan of Penobscot Field."

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk pengidentifikasian zona reservoar batuan karbonat dari Formasi Baturaja pada Cekungan Sumatera Selatan dengan mengunakan metode inversi seismik. Data yang digunakan adalah data sesimik 3D post stack (441 inline & 449 crossline) serta sumur TA-6. Parameter seismik impedansi akustik dapat memetakan persebaran batuan karbonat pada Formasi Baturaja yang berada diantara batuan pasir dari Formasi Gumai dan Talang Akar. Model persebaran impedansi akustik dari hasil inversi Model Based menunjukkan rentang nilai impedansi akustik pada zona prospek sebesar 10000 m/s.gr/cc - 12000 m/s gr/cc. Dari korelasi antara nilai impedansi akustikdan porositas dapat diketahui persebaran nilai estimasi porositas pada zona prospek sebesar 10-15%. Dengan bantuan ekstraksi atribut amplitudo rms pada peta struktur persebaran batuan karbonat dapat diketahui lingkungan pengendapannya. Sehingga integrasi model hasil inversi impedansi akustik dengan nilai estimasi porositas serta didukung dengan hasil ekstraksi atribut amplitudo RMS menunjukkan pada daerah tinggian Formasi Baturaja terdapat daerah-daerah yang memiliki anomali impedansi akustik rendah dan porositas tinggi yang tersebar pada fasies body karbonat hingga back reef serta pada bagian atas zona tinggian tersebut terdapat lapisan seal sebagai penutupreservoar.

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The purpose of this study is to identify reservoir zone of carbonate rock from Baturaja Formation at South Sumatera Basin. The data used from seismic 3D post stack data (441 inline & 449 crossline) and TA-6 log. Acoustic impedance seismic parameter can map the distribution of carbonate rock at Baturaja Formation where is between the sand stone from Gumai Formation and Talang Akar Formation. Distribution model of acoustic impedance from the Model Based Inversion results shows the range value of acoustic impedance at the potential zone is range from 10000 m/s.gr/cc - 12000 m/s gr/cc. From the correlation of values acoustic impedance and porosity, we can infer that distribution of porosity estimation value in potential zone range from 10-15%. With the support of RMS amplitude extraction on map structure of carbonate rocks distribution, the depositional environment can be known. Therefore integration of acoustic impedance inverted results model with porosity estimation results and supported by RMS amplitude attribute extraction results show that at the Baturaja Formation anticlines there are zones that consists of anomaly low acoustic impedance and high porosity which spread out among carbonate body to back reef and at the top part of the anticlines there is a seal as a closure of reservoir."