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ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Pasien HIV anak berisiko tinggi mengalami gangguan
neurokognitif akibat keterlibatan sistem saraf pusat (SSP). Prevalens gangguan
kognitif tersebut berkisar antara 8%-62%. Pemberian ARV menurunkan viral
load di SSP sehingga mencegah penurunan fungsi kognitif. Tujuan penelitian ini
untuk memberikan gambaran fungsi kognitif pasien HIV anak dalam terapi ARV.
Metode: Studi potong lintang dilakukan terhadap pasien HIV anak berusia 5-15
tahun. Penilaian kognitif dilakukan dengan instrumen Wechsler intelligence scale
for children IV (WISC IV). Pemeriksaan elektroensefalografi bertujuan untuk
membuktikan kerusakan akibat keterlibatan SSP pada infeksi HIV.
Hasil: Sembilan puluh pasien HIV anak median usia 9 tahun telah memperoleh
ARV dengan median 69 bulan. Hasil rerata verbal, performance, dan full-scale IQ
(FSIQ) berturut-turut adalah 88,66 (SB 15,69), 85,30 (SB 15,35), dan 85,73 (SB
15,61). Enam puluh tujuh (74,4%) subjek memiliki verbal IQ normal, 56 (62,2%)
performance scale normal, dan 58 (64,4%) FSIQ normal. Hasil EEG abnormal
didapatkan pada 22 subjek (22,4%) dan tidak memiliki hubungan dengan stadium
klinis, usia dan lama pemberian ARV, serta viral load. Stadium HIV
menunjukkan hubungan bermakna dengan komponen verbal scale IQ dan FSIQ
(p=0,042 dan p=0,044). Hasil IQ tidak memiliki hubungan dengan usia pemberian
ARV, lama pemberian ARV, dan viral load.
Simpulan: Pasien HIV anak dalam terapi ARV memiliki rerata IQ abnormal pada
verbal, performance, dan FSIQ. Berdasarkan kategori hasil IQ lebih dari 50%
subjek memiliki IQ normal pada ketiga skala WISC. Studi kohort diperlukan
untuk menilai apakah pemberian ARV lebih dini dan faktor yang memengaruhi
dapat mencegah penurunan fungsi kognitif pasien HIV anak
ABSTRACT Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developingneurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent thedecrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitivefunction in HIV-infected children on ARV.Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administeredfor assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to proveabnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infectionResults: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had receivedARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and fullscale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlatedto clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIVshowed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQresults did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normalverbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether earlyARV can preserve cognitive function.;Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developingneurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent thedecrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitivefunction in HIV-infected children on ARV.Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administeredfor assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to proveabnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infectionResults: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had receivedARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and fullscale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlatedto clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIVshowed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQresults did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normalverbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether earlyARV can preserve cognitive function.;Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developingneurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent thedecrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitivefunction in HIV-infected children on ARV.Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administeredfor assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to proveabnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infectionResults: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had receivedARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and fullscale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlatedto clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIVshowed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQresults did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normalverbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether earlyARV can preserve cognitive function., Introduction: Children with HIV infection are at high risk for developingneurocognitive impairment because of central nervous system (CNS)involvement. Prevalence of cognitive impairment is reported between 8%-62%.Decreased viral load due to antiretroviral therapy (ARV) would prevent thedecrease of cognitive function. The aim of this study was to describe cognitivefunction in HIV-infected children on ARV.Method: We conducted cross sectional study of HIV-infected children aged 5-15years. Wechsler intelligence scale for children IV (WISC-IV) was administeredfor assessing cognitive function. Electroencephalograph was performed to proveabnormalities caused by CNS involvement of HIV infectionResults: Ninety HIV-infected children with median age of 9 years had receivedARV for median of 69 months. The mean (SD) of verbal, performance, and fullscale IQ were 88,66 (SD 15,69), 85,30 (SD 15,35), and 85,73 (SD 15,61)respectively. Sixty seven subjects (74,4%) had normal verbal IQ, 56 subjects(62,2%) had normal performance IQ, and 58 subjects (64,4%) had normal FSIQ.Twenty two children (22,4%) showed EEG abnormality which was not correlatedto clinical stage, onset and duration of ARV, and viral load. Clinical stage of HIVshowed significant association with verbal and FSIQ (p 0,042 and p 0,044). IQresults did not have association with onset and duration of ARV and viral load.Conclusion: HIV-infected children on ARV have abnormal mean IQ in verbal,performance and FSIQ. Based on categorical IQ, most subjects have normalverbal, performance, and FSIQ. Cohort study is needed to address whether earlyARV can preserve cognitive function.]"