Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"The integrity of a piping system depends on the considerations and principles used in design, construction, and maintenance of the system. Piping systems are made of many components such as pipes, flanges, supports, gaskets, bolts, valves, strainers, flexibles, and expansion joints. These components can be made in a variety of materials, in different types and sizes, and may be manufactured to common national standards or according a manufacturers proprietary item. This book provides engineers and designers with a ?quick reference guide? to the calculations, codes, and standards. "

"This book focuses on the seismic design of Structures, Piping Systems and Components (SSC). It explains the basic mechanisms of earthquakes, generation of design basis ground motion, and fundamentals of structural dynamics; further, it delves into geotechnical aspects related to the earthquake design, analysis of multi degree-of-freedom systems, and seismic design of RC structures and steel structures. The book discusses the design of components and piping systems located at the ground level as well as at different floor levels of the structure. It also covers anchorage design of component and piping system, and provides an introduction to retrofitting, seismic response control including seismic base isolation, and testing of SSCs. The book is written in an easy-to-understand way, with review questions, case studies and detailed examples on each topic. This educational approach makes the book useful in both classrooms and professional training courses for students, researchers, and professionals alike."

"Subsea pipelines are used for a number of purposes in the development of subsea hydrocarbon resources as shown in Figure 1.1. A pipeline system can be a single-pipe pipeline system, pipe-in-pipe or bundled system. Normally, the term of subsea flow-lines is used to describe the subsea pipelines carrying oil and gas products from the wellhead to the riser base; the riser is connected to the processing facilities (e.g. a platform or a FPSO). The subsea pipelines from the processing facilities to shore are called export pipelines, while the subsea pipelines from the platform to subsea equipment used to transfer water or chemical inhibiters are called water injection or chemical flow-lines."

"The shipbuilding industry is currently operating in a state of intense market competition. In order to compete in the global market, shipbuilders must produce ships that are more efficient and which can be constructed in a relatively short turnaround time between order placement and delivery. This necessitates the development of new methods such as the building of series of ships, design optimization, and the modularization concept. This paper presents a design optimization approach based on the modularization concept for engine room design. The proposed method focuses on the following characteristics: piping systems, employed in multiple bulk carrier-series ships, of different sizes. Consideration is given to the cost and weight of these systems and the similarity and common features of the modules and arrangements concerned. The piping system design process is divided into two stages—module definition and arrangement design. A design structure matrix is adopted to define an effective module that could be employed for use in the design of various series of ships. An optimization system has been developed for use in the arrangement design stage. It uses a genetic algorithm to obtain a similar pattern for module arrangement in various series of ships, with specific consideration extended to cost and similarity. The details of the proposed method are discussed in this paper. In addition, the paper discusses the piping system design of an actual ship by using the proposed method and evaluates its effectiveness."

"Offshore pipelines atau yang lebih dikenal dengan sebutan pipa bawah laut merupakan moda transportasi yang sangat efisien dan ekonomis yang mampu mengalirkan fluida dari satu tempat ke tempat lainnya dimana jarak antara kedua tempat tersebut umumnya relative cukup jauh serta menjangkau antar pulau. Sekarang ini pengembangan lapangan dengan teknologi subsea mempunyai fleksibiklitas yg lebih besar dari topside. Salah satu metode pengecekan terhadap PLEM adalah analisa tegangan. Tegangan yang terjadi pada PLEM dipengaruhi beberapa faktor beban. Kritria analisa tegangan mengacu pada standard code yang telah ditetapkan yaitu ASME B 31.8 : Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System, 2010. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa tegangan-tegangan yang terjadi pada PLEM tidak melebihi batas izin yang sudah diatur dalam standard code, hal ini menunjukkan PLEM dalam kondisi aman. Apabila PLEM terjadi overstress, dilakukan langkah mitigasi agar tegangan pada PLEM tidak melebihi tegangan yang di izinkan oleh standard code.

---

Offshore pipelines or better known as subsea pipeline is a mode of transportation which is very efficient and economical, it is able to transport fluid from one place to another place where the distance between two places are quite far or between islands. Nowadays, development of subsea pipeline technology has higher flexibility than the topside. Stress analysis is one of method to check the PLEM. Stress that occur on PLEM is affected by some of load factors. Stress analysis criteria refers to standard code that has been agreed is ASME B 31.8: Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping System, 2010. Results of analysis shows stress on PLEM is not higher than allowable stress which has been set on standard code, it shows that PLEM is safe. If overstress occur on PLEM, mitigation step must be taken in order to make stress on PLEM is not higher than allowable stress which has been set on standard code."

"Sistem perpipaan dalam dunia industri, seperti pada refinery plant, steam power plant, chemical plant, dan lain-lain berfungsi mengalirkan fluida dari suatu peralatan ke peralatan lainnya. Peralatan yang terhubung dengan sistem perpipaan akan mempengaruhi beban yang diterima dan tingkat fleksibilitas sistem perpipaan. Sistem perpipaan harus dapat menahan beban yang diterimanya dan memiliki fleksibilitas yang baik sehingga tidak terjadi tegangan yang berlebihan dan kegagalan lainnya yang dapat mengganggu seluruh proses. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan analisis fleksibilitas dan tegangan pada sistem perpipaan secara sederhana atau dengan menggunakan software komputer seperti caesar II sesuai kebutuhan. Analisis fleksibilitas dan tegangan juga digunakan sebagai acuan penentuan jenis dan peletakan support pipa dengan juga mempertimbangkan nilai ekonomis dan tingkat keamanan sistem perpipaan sesuai code ASME B31.3 dan standar yang digunakan. Review yang dilakukan terhadap desain condensate piping system pada plant NGF 2 menunjukkan adanya kelebihan beban dan pergerakan yang terjadi pada beberapa bagian pipa. Perubahan desain support pipa yang bermasalah dilakukan agar sistem perpipaan berada dalam batas aman.

---

Piping system in the industry, such as refinery plant, steam power plant, chemical plant, and other drains fluid from an equipment to other equipment. Equipment connected to the piping system will affect load received and the level of flexibility of the piping system. Piping system must be able to support the weight it receives and has good flexibility so that no excessive stress and other failures that can disrupt the entire process. Therefore, simple flexibility and stress analysis on a piping system or by using computer software such as Caesar II as needed.

Flexibility and stress analysis is also used as a reference for determining the type and pipe laying support primarily to also consider the economic value and the level of security appropriate piping code ASME B31.3 and standards used. Review conducted on the design of condensate piping system on NGF 2 plant shows excessive movement and overloaded occurring in some parts of the pipe. Pipe support design changes done to the piping system problems are within safe limits."