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Ditemukan 1581 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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"Despite very active research activities in the field of CMA, there lacks a simple-to-read book for researchers and students interested in these new developments. In each chapter, current progress in the area of the synthesis, characterization, and self-assemblies of well-defined complex macromolecular architectures is reviewed by each contributor with relevant emphasis on their research topics. The architectural polymers include bio-conjugated hybrid polymers with poly(-amino acid)s and gluco-polymers, star-branched and dendrimer-like hyperbranched polymers, cyclic polymers, dendrigraft polymers, rod-coil and helix-coil block copolymers are introduced chapter by chapter in the book. In particular, the book also emphasizes the topic of synthetic breakthroughs by living/​controlled polymerization since 2000. Newly developed concepts and procedures, such as "Click" chemistry, chain walking, polyhomologation and ADMET are also highlighted. Furthermore, renowned authors contribute on such special topics as helical polyisocyanates, metallopolymers, stereospecific polymers, hydrogen-bonded supramolecular polymers, conjugated polymers, and polyrotaxanes, which have attracted considerable interest as novel polymer materials with potential future applications. In addition, recent advances in reactive blending achieved with well-defined end-functionalized polymers is discussed from an industrial point of view. Moreover, topics on polymer-based nanotechnologies, including self-assembled architectures and suprastructures, nano-structured materials and devices, nanofabrication, surface nanostructures, and their AFM imaging analysis of hetero-phased polymers are included"--
"In particular, the book also emphasizes the topic of synthetic breakthroughs by living/​controlled polymerization since 2000"
Hoboken, N.J: Wiley, 2011
547.7 COM
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Maria Armenia Carrondo, editor
"This volume is a collection of the contributions presented at the 42nd Erice Crystallographic Course whose main objective was to train the younger generation on advanced methods and techniques for examining structural and dynamic aspects of biological macromolecules. The papers review the techniques used to study protein assemblies and their dynamics, including X-ray diffraction and scattering, electron cryo-electron microscopy, electro nanospray mass spectrometry, NMR, protein docking and molecular dynamics.
A key theme throughout the book is the dependence of modern structural science on multiple experimental and computational techniques."
Dordrecht, Netherlands: [Springer, ], 2012
e20417856
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Mandelkern, Leo
New York: Springer-Verlag, 1983
547.7 MAN i
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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McCaferry, Edward L.
New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970
547.840 MCC l
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Meyda Nurluthfiany
"Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis polistirena-blok-poli(etil akrilat) dengan metode atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) untuk mempelajari pengaruh variasi konsentrasi inisiator terhadap berat molekul dan indeks polidispersitas (PDI) makroinisiator, serta mempelajari pengaruh variasi konsentrasi monomer terhadap sifat termal kopolimer blok. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh semakin tinggi konsentrasi inisiator, berat molekul dan nilai indeks polidipersitas yang didapat semakin kecil. Komposisi optimum untuk sintesis makroinisiator polistirena didapat saat konsentrasi inisiator 1,6%, dengan rata-rata berat molekul sebesar 3613 g/mol dan diperoleh nilai indeks polidispersitas sebesar 1,07. Terbentuknya polistirena-blok-poli(etil akrilat) ditunjukkan oleh hasil karakterisasi dengan nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). Munculnya puncak kuartet pada 4,2 ppm menunjukkan serapan dari metil ester poli(etil akrilat). Hasil karakterisasi dengan gel permeation chromatography (GPC) juga menunjukkan bertambahnya berat molekul menjadi 4098 g/mol. Dengan demikian polistirena-blok-poli(etil akrilat) telah berhasil disintesis.

Within this research, polystyrene-block-poly(ethyl acrylate) synthesis is done by using the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method to study the effects of various initiator concentration towards the molecular weight and polydispersity index (PDI) macroinisiator, also to study the effects of various monomer concentration towards the thermal properties of block copolymers. The conclusion resulted from this research is that the higher the concentration initiator, the smaller the molecular weight and PDI number obtained. The optimum composition to synthesize polystyrene macroinisiator is obtained when the initiator concentration is 1,6% with the average molecular weight of 3613 g/mol and the polydispersity index number 1,07. The formation of polystyrene-block-poly(ethyl acrylate) is shown by the result of characterization with nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The emergence of maximum quartet at 4,2 ppm indicates the uptake from methyl esters of poly(ethyl acrylate). The result of characterization with permeation chromatography (GPC) also shows the increase of molecular weight, becoming 4098 g/mol. Therefore, polystyrene-block-poly(ethyl acrylate) has successfully been synthesized."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S46648
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Arini Izzataddini
"Cr metal adalah logam yang berbahaya bagi lingkungan. Jika terpapar ke tubuh manusia, kromium dapat menyebabkan beberapa masalah kesehatan. Menurut Badan Perlindungan Lingkungan AS (US EPA), total kontaminan kromium dalam air adalah 0,1 mg / L. Oleh karena itu, logam kromium harus dipisahkan sebelum terpapar ke tubuh manusia. Metode yang biasa digunakan untuk memisahkan logam Cr (III) dalam air adalah tidak selektif seperti adsorpsi dan elektrokimia. Ion Imprinted Polymer adalah teknik untuk menciptakan selektivitas melalui ikatan rongga pada permukaan adsorben. Selektivitas adsorben polimer didasarkan pada geometri koordinasi, jumlah koordinasi ion, muatan dan ukuran polimer. Dalam penelitian ini, sintesis Ion Imprinted Polymer dilakukan dengan template ion krom (Cr3 +) dengan asam galat sebagai ligan dan metil metakrilat sebagai monomer fungsional. Polimer imprinted Cr-ion (Cr-IIP) berhasil disintesis dengan metode polimerisasi massal menggunakan Ethylenglycoldimetaacrylate (EGDMA) sebagai pengikat silang dan Azobisisobutironitril (AIBN) sebagai Pemrakarsa. Variasi perbandingan Asam Galat: Methyl Methacrylate dipelajari dan rasio mol optimum Asam Gallic: Methyl methacrylate dipelajari yaitu 1: 1.
Hasil sintesis Cr-IIP dikarakterisasi menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM) -EDX) dan Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Untuk mengetahui kemampuan adsorpsi, Cr-IIP diuji untuk pengaruh pH dan waktu kontak. Adsorpsi maksimum Cr-IIP dicapai pada pH 5 dan waktu kontak 120 menit. Adsorpsi polimer imprint-Cr-ion mengikuti model isoterm freundlich dengan kapasitas adsorpsi maksimum 131,37 mg / g. Uji selektivitas polimer imprinted Cr-ion untuk ion logam lain menunjukkan nilai relatif faktor selektivitas (αr) dari Cr (III) / Ag (I) dan Cr (III) / Fe (III) adalah 3.08 dan 3.93. Penggunaan Cr-IIP memiliki reproduksibilitas yang baik dengan CV Horwitz 1,28% dan% RSD 1,02%. Cr (III) -IIP juga menunjukkan nilai pemulihan 110,26%; 121,37% dan 110,87%.

Cr metal is a metal which is dangerous for the environment. If exposed to the human body, chromium can cause several health problems. According to The US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), total chromium contaminants in water are 0.1 mg / L. Therefore, chromium metal must be separated before exposure to the human body. The commonly used method of separating Cr (III) metals in water is non-selective such as adsorption and electrochemistry. Ion Imprinted Polymer is a technique for creating selectivity through binding cavities on the surface of the adsorbent. The polymer adsorbent selectivity is based on the coordination geometry, the ion coordination number, the charge and the size of the polymer. In this research, synthesis of Ion Imprinted Polymer was carried out with a chromium ion (Cr3 +) template with gallic acid as a ligand and methyl methacrylate as a functional monomer. Cr-ion imprinted polymer (Cr-IIP) was successfully synthesized by the bulk polymerization method using Ethylenglycoldimetaacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker and Azobisisobutironitril (AIBN) as an Initiator. Variation of Gallic Acid comparison: Methyl Methacrylate was studied and the optimum mole ratio of Gallic Acid: Methyl methacrylate was studied which was 1: 1.
The results of Cr-IIP synthesis were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). To find out the adsorption capability, Cr-IIP was tested for the influence of pH and contact time. Maximum adsorption of Cr-IIP is achieved at pH 5 and contact time 120 minutes. The adsorption of Cr-ion imprinted polymer follows the freundlich isotherm model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 131.37 mg / g. The Cr-ion imprinted polymer selectivity test for other metal ions shows the relative value of the selectivity factor (αr) of Cr (III) / Ag (I) and Cr (III) / Fe (III) is 3.08 and 3.93. The use of Cr-IIP has good reproducibility with a CV Horwitz of 1.28% and% RSD of 1.02%. Cr (III) -IIP also showed a recovery value of 110.26%; 121.37% and 110.87%.
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Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2019
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Agustina
"Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis polimer suspensi poli[stirena-ko-(butil akrilat)] melalui polimerisasi radikal bebas untuk mempelajari pengaruh komposisi monomer stirena dan butil akrilat terhadap temperatur transisi gelas (Tg) kopolimer, serta mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi inisiator benzoil peroksida terhadap solid content, viskositas dan ukuran partikel kopolimer. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa, komposisi monomer mempengaruhi nilai Tg kopolimer, dengan semakin banyak komposisi monomer stirena yang digunakan, semakin tinggi nilai Tg kopolimer yang dihasilkan. Komposisi monomer optimum diperoleh pada saat perbandingan komposisi antara stirena dengan butil akrilat 55:45, dengan Tg yang dihasilkan sebesar 38,18ºC. Konsentrasi inisiator mempengaruhi nilai solid content dan viskositas, akan tetapi tidak mempengaruhi ukuran partikel kopolimer. Konsentrasi inisiator optimum diperoleh pada saat konsentrasi inisiator 1% dari berat monomer total, dengan nilai solid content yang dihasilkan sebesar 39,34% dan viskositas kopolimer sebesar 781,25 centiPoise. Karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR, GPC dan DSC menunjukkan bahwa polimer suspensi poli[stirena-ko-(butil akrilat)] telah berhasil disintesis.

In this research, suspension polymers of poly[styrene-co-(butyl acrylate)] synthesis was done by using free radical polymerization method to study not only the effects of various monomer composition of styrene and butyl acrylate on the glass transition temperature (Tg), but also to study the effects of various initiator concentration of benzoyl peroxide on the solid content, viscosity and particle size of copolymer. The result showed that monomer composition affected the Tg of copolymers. The more amount of styrene used, the higher value of Tg copolymers produced. Optimum monomer composition was obtained when the composition ratio between styrene and butyl acrylate 55:45, with the value of Tg of 38,18ºC. Initiator concentration affected the value of solid content and viscosity, but didn?t affect the particle size of copolymer. Optimum initiator concentration was obtained when the initiator concentration 1% from the total weight of monomers, with the value of solid content of 39,34% and the viscosity of 781,25 centiPoise. The FTIR, GPC and DSC result showed that suspension polymers of poly[styrene-co-(butyl acrylate)] has been successfully synthesized."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2014
S55632
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Nurul Aisha
"Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan sintesis polistirena melalui polimerisasi radikal terkontrol menggunakan metode Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) serta mempelajari pengaruh variasi waktu reaksi, variasi konsentrasi ligan, katalis, dan inisiator terhadap persen konversi, distribusi berat molekul, dan indeks polidispersitas. Variasi kondisi reaksi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan komposisi optimum sintesis polistirena dengan persen konversi tinggi, distribusi berat molekul sempit, dan indeks polidispersitas kecil (≈1). Polistirena telah berhasil disintesis dengan metode ATRP menggunakan ligan PMDETA, katalis CuBr, inisiator EBiB, dan pelarut sikloheksanon. Parameter keberhasilan dilihat dari persen konversi dan berbagai hasil karakterisasi seperti FTIR, GPC, dan DSC. Komposisi optimum sintesis polistirena yaitu pada konsentrasi ligan 4%, katalis 2%, dan inisiator 4% terhadap 100% mol stirena. Persen konversi polistirena pada komposisi optimum mencapai 91,4% dan diperoleh nilai indeks polidispersitas sebesar 1,17, rata-rata berat molekul 3.526 g/mol, dan suhu transisi gelas 72,42°C.

This research has been conducted synthesis of polystyrene through controlled radical polymerization by using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) method and also studied about the influence of variation of time reactions, variation of ligand, catalyst, and initiator concentrations toward conversion percentage, molecular weight distribution, and polydispersity index. The condition of variation reactions has been done to obtain the optimum composition of reaction thus it got polystyrene with higher conversion percentage, a narrow range of molecular weight distribution, and small index of polydispersity (≈1). Polystyrene has been successfully synthesized by ATRP method using PMDETA as ligand, CuBr as catalyst, EBiB as initiator, and cyclohexanone as solvent. The parameter of successful can be seen from the percentage of conversion and various results of characterization such as FTIR, GPC, and DSC. The optimum composition to synthesis of polystyrene where the concentration of ligand is 4%, catalyst is 2%, and initiator is 4% against 100% mol of styrene. The conversion percentage of polystyrene at the optimum composition reached 91.4% and obtained the result of polydispersity index by 1.17, the average molecular weight is 3.526 g/mol, and the glass transition temperature is 72.42°C.
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Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2015
S59148
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Retno Wulan Gayatri
"Dalam penelitian ini telah dilakukan sintesis poli(metil metakrilat)/PMMA dengan metode polimerisasi radikal bebas terkontrol yaitu metode Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP). Variasi yang dilakukan yaitu variasi waktu, suhu, katalis, ligan, dan inisiator untuk memperoleh kondisi optimum dengan persen konversi yang tinggi dan distribusi berat molekul sempit atau indeks polidispersitas yang mendekati 1. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh semakin tinggi suhu dan semakin lama waktu maka semakin besar pula persen konversi yang dihasilkan. Dari variasi komposisi yang dilakukan, komposisi optimum sintesis poli(metil metakrilat) yang diperoleh yaitu dengan perbandingan monomer: katalis : ligan : inisiator (100 : 2 : 4 : 1) dan dihasilkan persen konversi sebanyak 64,6%. Terbentuknya poli(metil metakrilat) ditunjukkan dengan karakterisasi menggunakan FTIR yaitu dengan hilangnya puncak C=C pada bilangan gelombang 1636 cm-1. Hasil polimerisasi dengan komposisi optimum dikarakterisasi menggunakan GPC untuk mengetahui distribusi berat molekul dan dikarakterisasi menggunakan DSC untuk mengetahui suhu transisi gelas (Tg). Tg PMMA yang diperoleh yaitu 80,7oC. Indeks polidispersitas PMMA yang diperoleh dari komposisi optimum yaitu 2,6 dengan rata-rata berat-berat molekul (Mw) 9026 g/mol.

In this research the synthesis of poly methyl methacrylate PMMA has been done by the method of controlled radical polymerization Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization ATRP Variations that has been done in this study were variation of time variation of temperature variation of catalyst ligand and initiator concentration to get the optimum condition with the high conversion and the narrow molecular weight distribution or polidispersity index close to one The conclusion resulted from this research is that the higher temperature and time the higher conversion obtained From variations of composition that has be done the optimum composition of synthesis poly methyl methacrylate is obtained when the comparison of monomer catalyst ligand initiator is 100 2 4 1 produced conversion 64 6 The formation of poly methyl methacrylate is shown by the result of characterization with FTIR peak of C C disappeared in wavenumber 1636 cm 1 The result of polymerization with optimum composition charactherized by Gel Permeation Chromatography GPC to know the molecule weight distribution and characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry DSC to know the temperature of glass transition Tg Tg PMMA is known 80 7oC Polidispersity index PMMA with optimum composition in this research is 2 6 with weight average molecular weight Mw is 9026 g mol.
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Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2015
S60388
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dzul Fadli Alimin
"Nanogel responsif pH dan temperatur merupakan material hidrogel berukuran nano yang berpotensi diaplikasikan dalam sistem pengikatan dan pelepasan obat terkontrol. Poli(Nvinilkaprolaktam) (PNVCL) telah banyak dibuktikan bersifat termoresponsif dengan temperatur cloud point transition (Tc) berkisar 32-38˚C. Poli(N-metilolakrilamida) (PNMA) di lain sisi dapat merupakan polimer yang diduga memiliki sifat responsif terhadap pH dan juga telah digunakan untuk mengatur Tc pada kopolimer termoresponsif. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis polimer nanogel responsif pH dan temperatur poli(N-vinilkaprolaktam-ko- N-metilolakrilamida) (P(NVCL-ko-NMA)) melalui polimerisasi emulsi mengikuti mekanisme free radical polymerization (FRP) dengan memvariasikan komposisi monomer N-vinilkaprolaktam (PNVCL) dan N-metilolakrilamida (NMA) serta konsentrasi agen pengikat silang N,N’-metilenbisakrilamida (MBA) untuk mempelajari pengaruhnya terhadap respons nanogel tersebut pada berbagai pH dan temperatur. Analisis FT-IR dan 1H-NMR membuktikan terbentuknya nanogel dari sintesis yang dikerjakan. Karakterisasi UV-Vis dan particle size analyzer (PSA) menunjukkan bahwa nanogel dengan komposisi monomer 75% NVCL dan 25% NMA dengan 4%MBA menunjukkan Tc di sekitar 37˚C pada pH 7,4. Selain itu, Tc nanogel meningkat dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi monomer NMA dalam nanogel. Adapun peningkatan persen MBA akan menurunkan Tc dari nanogel yang disintesis. Nanogel P(NVCL-ko-NMA) juga terbukti menunjukkan respons pH dengan meningkatnya nilai Tc pada pH asam.

Temperature and pH responsive nanogels are nano-sized hydrogel materials that have potentials to be applied in controlled drug binding and release systems. Poly(Nvinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) has been proven to be thermoresponsive with cloud point transition (Tc) temperatures ranging from 32-38˚C. Poly(N-methylolacrylamide) (PNMA) on the other hand is considered to have pH responsive properties and has also been used to regulate Tc in thermoresponsive copolymers. In this study, a pH and temperature responsive nanogels of poly(N-vinylcaprolactam-co-N-methylolacrylamide) (P(NVCL-co-NMA)) were synthesized by emulsion polymerization via free radical polymerization (FRP). In this study, the monomer composition and concentration of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinking agent were varied to study their effect on the responsivity of nanogels to temperature and pH.. FT-IR and 1H-NMR analysis proved the polymerization was successfully conducted. UV-Vis characterization and particle size analyzer (PSA) showed that nanogels with a monomer composition of NVCL and NMA of 75% and 25%, respectively, and using 4% of MBA showed Tc around 37˚C at pH 7.4. In addition, Tc nanogels increased with increasing concentration of NMA monomers in nanogels. The increase in MBA percent will decrease the Tc of the synthesized nanogels. P(NVCL-co- NMA) nanogel was also shown to show pH response with increasing Tc value at acidic pH."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2021
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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