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"You couldn't find two more different men. Billy Durant was the consummate salesman, a brilliant wheeler-dealer with grand plans, unflappable energy, and a fondness for the high life. Alfred Sloan was the intellectual, an expert in business strategy and management, master of all things organizational. Together, this odd couple built perhaps the most successful enterprise in U.S. history, General Motors, and with it an industry that has come to define modern life throughout the world. Their story is full of timeless lessons, cautionary tales, and inspiration for business leaders and history buffs alike. Billy, Alfred, and General Motors is the tale not just of the two extraordinary men of its title but also of the formative decades of twentieth-century America, through two world wars and sea changes in business, industry, politics, and culture. The book includes vivid, warts-and-all portraits of the legends of the golden age of the automobile, from "Crazy" Henry Ford, Ransom Olds, and Charles Nash to the brilliant but uncredited David Dunbar Buick and Cadillac founder Henry Leland. The impact of Durant and Sloan on their contemporaries and their industry is matched only by the powerful legacy of their improbable and incredible partnership. Characters, events, and context -- all are brought skillfully and passionately to life in this meticulously researched and supremely readable book."

"Penelitian dilakukan dalam rangka pengembangan komponen Cylinder Head, yaitu sebuah komponen mesin sepeda motor yang diproduksi oleh PT. A. Pengembangan produk penting dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan konsumen terhadap penggunaan komponen tersebut untuk aplikasi Racing (balap). Dalam hal ini, konsumen adalah delapan Team Partner PT. A yang mengikuti kejuaraan balap sepeda motor Indoprix. Metode Quality Function Deployment digunakan untuk mempertemukan apa yang sebenarnya konsumen inginkan dan apa yang dapat PT. A mampu perbuat. Beberapa tools dalam Value Analysis, semisal Mudge Diagram, Matrik Sumber Daya, dan Matrik Perbandingan Persentase fungsi dan biaya digunakan untuk membantu analisa data. Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah usulan spesifikasi komponen Cylinder Head yang dapat dibuat inplant PT.A dengan mempertimbangkan seberapa besar biaya yang dikeluarkan dengan seberapa penting kebutuhan tersebut harus diwujudkan.

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This Research is based on product development of Cylinder Head, an engine of motor cycle component, that PT.A produce. The product development is critically important to fulfill costumer needs to apllicate this component in motorcycle racing event. In this case, customer is eight Partner Teams what PT. A sponsored that follow Indoprix motorcycle race event. Quality Function Deployment method is used to connect what customer really need, with what PT. A can do to fulfill. Some tools of Value Analysis, like Mudge Diagram, Matrix of Resources, and Comparison Matrix is very usefull to help data analizing. The final result is specification suggestion of Cylinder Head, so that PT. A can produce in plant. PT. A will know how much the cost to produce, and how important the customer needs must be applicated."

"Pemanfaatan paduan aluminium untuk aplikasi otomotif telah dipertimbangkan karena faktor berat sehingga meningkatkan rasio power to weight dari motor penggerak dan ramah lingkungan. Penggunaan paduan aluminium juga diterapkan pada mesin nasional dua silinder dengan daya maksimum 11,5 kW/3.800 RPM. Efisiensi biaya dapat dicapai dengan peningkatkan yield dari produk cylinder head melalui modifikasi desain pengecoran dan perbaikan sifat mekanis pada daerah ruang bakar melalui penurunan nilai SDAS. Modifikasi casting design dilakukan melalui: pengubahan dimensi dan posisi dari chill dan riser, penggunaan "chill plate" pada daerah ruang bakar, dan penambahan titanium flux. Perangkat lunak simulasi pengecoran "Z-Cast versi 2.6" digunakan untuk membantu modifikasi casting design. Parameter simulasi dan percobaan pengecoran dilakukan pada temperatur tuang 690°C dan 730°C, material AC4B, material cetakannya pasir silika dan resin furan. Proses pengecoran, proses heat treatment T6, dan pengujian kualitas dilakukan sesuai dengan SOP yang sudah berlaku. Yield dari casting design awal dapat ditingkatkan lebih dari 16%. 0,15% berat Ti meningkatkan kekerasan pada permukaan bawah dan dome cylinder head baik pada kondisi pengecoran dan T6. Nilai SDAS lebih ditentukan oleh laju pembekuan yang ditunjukkan dengan penggunaan "chill plate". Peningkatan yield juga diikuti dengan penurunan biaya produksi hingga 7,11%.

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Utilization of aluminum alloys for automotive applications have been considered due weight factors which increased power to weight ratio of engine and environmental friendly. The use of aluminum alloys is also applied to the national two-cylinder engine with maximum power of 11.5 kW/3.800 RPM. Cost efficiency can be achieved by increasing product yield through the cylinder head casting design modifications and improving mechanical properties of the combustion chamber area through reduction of SDAS. Casting design modifications carried out through: changing the dimensions and position of the chills and the risers, using "chill plate" in the combustion chamber area, and adding titanium flux. Casting simulation software "Z-Cast version 2.6" was used to help casting design modifications. Parameters of simulation and experiments carried out at pouring temperatures 690 °C and 730 °C, AC4B ingot, silica sand and furan resin as mold material. The casting process, T6 heat treatment process, and quality testing conducted in accordance with SOPs that are applicable. Yield of the initial casting design can be increased more than 16%. 0,15 wt% of Ti increased the hardness at bottom surface and dome of the cylinder head in both ascast and as-T6. SDAS more determined by freezing rate which indicated by the use of "chill plate". Increased yield also accompanied by decrease in production costs of up to 7.11%."

"Stepping motor technology is well established and used for motion control, most notably for computer peripherals but also wherever digital control is employed. The book provides an introductory text which will enable the reader to both appreciate the essential characteristics of stepping motor systems and understand how these characteristics are being exploited in the continuing development of new motors, drives and controllers.A basic theoretical approach relating to the more significant aspects of performance is presented, although it is assumed throughout that the reader has no previous experience of electrical machines and is primarily interested in the applications of stepping motors."

"Motor induksi merupakan komponen yang banyak digunakan sebagai penggerak listrik dalam berbagai macam aplikasi industri, seperti pompa, kipas angin, kompresor, serta peralatan rumah tangga. Dalam menghidupkan motor induksi dibutuhkan analisis pengasutan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari masing-masing metode motor induksi. Namun, terdapat permasalahan untuk jenis motor berkapasitas besar, yaitu motor mengalami lonjakan arus yang besar diawal sehingga durasi pengasutan menjadi lambat. Dibutuhkan metode yang tepat untuk mengurangi lonjakan arus tersebut pada motor kapasitas 94,8 kW di Stasiun bawah tanah MRT Dukuh Atas. Penelitian akan dilakukan simulasi dengan ETAP untuk starting motor induksi menggunakan metode DOL dan autotransformer. Akhir penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa arus pengasutan menjadi lebih rendah menggunakan metode autotransformer, yaitu arus sebesar 320.5% dari nilai full load ampere (FLA). Sedangkan nilai arus pada metode DOL yang didapat sebesar 572% dari nilai FLA. Namun, durasi yang diperoleh dari kedua metode didapatkan bahwa metode DOL memiliki durasi yang lebih cepat 2 detik daripada metode autotransformer.

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Induction motors are components that are widely used as electric drives in various industrial applications, such as pumps, fans, compressors, and household appliances. In starting an induction motor, a starting analysis is needed to determine the characteristics of each induction motor method. There is a problems on motor starting, especially when large motors are involved, the motor draws heavy surge of current is drawn from the power system that in turn causes a dip in system voltage and the starting duration becomes slow. The right method is needed to reduce the surge in the 94.8 kW capacity motor at the Dukuh Atas MRT underground station. The research for starting induction motors using the DOL and autotransformer methods will be carried out by simulating with ETAP. At the end of the study it can be concluded that the starting current is lower using the autotransformer method, which is a current value of 320.5% of the full load ampere (FLA). While the current value in the DOL method is 572% of the FLA. However, the duration obtained from the two methods shows that the DOL method has a shorter duration of 2 seconds than the autotransformer method."

"Motor induksi adalah mesin yang memanfaatkan prinsip induksi elektromagnetik untuk mengubah energi listrik menjadi energi mekanik dan digunakan sebagai penggerak dalam dunia industri. Ketika motor induksi dengan kapasitas yang besar terhubung ke jaringan sistem yang besar maka motor induksi membutuhkan torsi awal sehingga menghasilkan arus start yang besar yang akan mengakibatkan jatuh tegangan pada bus di sekitar motor. Dalam mengoperasikan motor induksi, waktu starting perlu diperhatikan karena semakin lama waktu starting motor maka akan memungkinkan motor untuk gagal beroperasi. Untuk menghindari dampak yang diakibatkan karena arus start yang sangat besar maka diperlukan pemilihan metode starting motor induksi berkapasitas 94.8 kW di Stasiun Dukuh Atas. Simulasi startingdilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak ETAP 19.0.1 untuk melihat karakteristik motor dengan metode Direct On Line(DOL) dan Star-Delta. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan metode Direct On Line (DOL) menghasilkan arus starting yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan metode starting secara Star-Delta (Y/D) yaitu 613.72% dari FLA, sedangkan pada metode Star-Delta menghasilkan arus start sebesar sebesar 373.61% dari FLA. Torsi start metode Direct On Line (DOL) lebih besar dibandingkan dengan metode Star-Delta yaitu sebesar 81.44% dari torsi minimal, sedangkan torsi start pada metode Star-Delta sebesar 30.18% dari torsi nominal. Nilai arus dan torsi start akan memengaruhi waktu sistem untuk mencapai kondisi tunak. Pada metode Direct On Line (DOL) membutuhkan waktu 13.06 detik untuk mencapai kondisi tunak, sedangkan metode Star-Delta waktu tercepat yang dibutuhkan untuk mencapai kondisi tunak yaitu 14.56 sekon saat waktu switching pada detik ke-2.

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An induction motor is a machine that utilizes the principle of electromagnetic induction to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy and is used as a driving force in the industrial world. When an induction motor with a large capacity is connected to a large system network, the induction motor requires an initial torque so that it produces a large starting current which will result in a voltage drop on the bus around the motor. In operating an induction motor, the starting time needs to be considered because the longer the starting time the motor will allow the motor to fail to operate. To avoid the impact caused by the very large starting current, it is necessary to choose the method of starting an induction motor with a capacity of 94.8 kW at Dukuh Atas Station. The starting simulation was carried out using the ETAP 19.0.1 software to see the characteristics of the motor using the Direct On Line (DOL) and Star-Delta methods. The simulation results show that the Direct On Line (DOL) method produces a larger starting current compared to the Star-Delta (Y/D) starting method, namely 613.72% of FLA, while the Star-Delta method produces a starting current of 373.61% of FLA. The starting torque for the Direct On Line (DOL) method is greater than the Star-Delta method, which is 81.44% of the minimum torque, while the starting torque for the Star-Delta method is 30.18% of the nominal torque. The rated current and starting torque will affect the time it takes for the system to reach steady state. The Direct On Line (DOL) method takes 13.06 seconds to reach a steady state, while the Star-Delta method takes the fastest time to reach a steady state which is 14.56 seconds when the switching time is in the 2nd second."