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"The freshwater clam, locally known as Pokea, (Batissa violacea var celebensis, von Martens 1897; Bivalvia: Corbulidae) is a popular and widely consumed food in Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi. Despite its popularity, basic information required for conservation managenment, such as reproductive biology, is lacking. This study aims to examine the reproductive biology of the clam obtained from the Pohara River, Kendari. Pokea samples were collected monthly from February 2012 to January 2013. We recorded parameters of reproductive biology, including sex ratio, stage of gonadal maturity, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity, and size of the first mature gonad from each sample. Data were analysed using chi-square test and linear regression in the package Sigma Plot v.6.0. Pokea population in the Pohara River was male-biased. The population spawns throughout the year and the peak spawning season was August-September. Mature gonad was found at small shell size (indicating early sexual maturity). Food availability might have influenced the gonadal development in Pokea. This baseline information is very relevant for conservation practices of Pokea population in the Pohara River."

"In this article the nature of the religious argot associated in particular with the spirits called Andaalu Rimbu and Rundu Rimbu discussed. An attempt has been made to supply the semantic derivations for the argot terms and for alternative names of spirits, even though most of the other spirits do not have as elaborate ceremonies as the AR or RR and few others, apparently, had an argot associated with them.There are a variety of semantic processes whereby new argot terms are coined. But most of the coined names are also simply mnemonic expressions. The practical point is that without some such mnemonic device cult adherents would not be able to adapt the argot quickly.The variation in the names of the spirits suggests that the system has been in operation for a considerable time. There has also been a pragmatic approach to all cults and members are willing to borrow new rituals to supple­ ment the old. In a similar vein, it is no wonder that the Kewa of today find no problem if God is referred to by four different names by different missions in the area."

"Many freshwater ecosystems are currently threatened by increasing salinity caused by both natural occurance human induced salinity."

"It starts with an introduction to the class ostracoda with a special focus on freshwater ostracods and highlights practical methods in their study. The systematic part includes an introduction to all families, identification keys for all subfamilies, genera and species, diagnoses for each subfamily and genus, and lists of synonyms and distribution of species. The text is richly illustrated with distribution maps, line drawings of key generic characteristics, and numerous SEM photographs. "