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"Arab Saudi, Mesir, Bahrain dan beberapa negara lainya melakukan tindakan boikot terhadap Qatar yang dimulai sejak Juni 2017 lalu. Geopolitik Timur Tengah seakan terbelah antara yang mndukung dengan yang menolak tindakan koalisi Arab Saudi tersebut. Kebijakan politik Qatar yang kerap berseberangan dengan negara-negara tersebut, adalah penyebab utamanya. Tentu saja, peristiwa tersebut berkaitan dengan sikap kemandirian politik luar negeri Qatar di kawasan Timur Tengah selama ini. Menjalin kedekatan dengan Iran dan mendukung kelompok-kelompok oposisi, adalah dua hal utama diantara sekian banyak kekhawatiran negara-negara tersebut. Kemandirian politik luar negeri Qatar selama ini, perlahan-lahan mendapat pengakuan di dunia internasional. Qatar tidak lagi dianggap remeh. Qatar telah berubah menjadi sebuah 'Brand'. Pendekatan 'soft power', melaui kekuatan media, didukung kekuatan ekonomi sebagai pemilik ladang gas terbesar di dunia, semakin meningkatkan profil negara ini di dunia internasional. Tesis ini membahas upaya Qatar menuju kemandirian politik di kawasan Timur Tengah, fokus permasaalahan dalam penelitian dirumuskan pada dua pertanyaan: Pertama, faktor apa saja yang mendorong Qatar memilih kebijakan politik luar negeri yang mandiri, bebas, aktif serta independen di kawasan Timur Tengah. Kedua, bagaimana upaya Qatar menjalankan dan membangun kemandirian politik luar negerinya di tengah situasi geopolitik Timur Tengah yang terus berubah. Metodologi yang digunakan melalui pendekatan kualitatif, melalui studi pustaka dengan mengumpulkan sebanyak mungkin data dan informasi terkait dengan tema penelitian.

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Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Bahrain and several other countries are boycotting Qatar which began in June 2017. Geopolitics of the Middle East seemed to be split between those who supported and those who rejected the actions of the Saudi coalition. Qatar's political policies that are often opposed to those countries are the main cause. Of course, the event has to do with Qatar's foreign policy independence in the Middle East. Establishing proximity to Iran and supporting opposition groups are two of the major concerns among these countries. Qatar's foreign policy independence has been gradually gaining recognition internationally. Qatar is no longer underestimated. Qatar has turned into a'Brand'. The'soft power'approach, through the power of the media, backed by economic power as the owner of the largest gas field in the world, further enhances the profile of this country internationally. This thesis discusses Qatar's efforts towards political independence in the Middle East, the focus of the problem in the study formulated on two questions First, what factors encourage Qatar to choose independent foreign policy in the Middle East. Secondly, how does Qatar's effort run and build its foreign policy independence amidst the changing geopolitical situation of the Middle East. The methodology used through qualitative approach, through literature study by collecting as much data and information related to the research theme. "

"ABSTRAKTulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran pentingnya studi orientalisme sebagai konsep dalam media dengan meninjau perbandingan antara dua artikel. Kedua artikel tersebut mengkaji orientalisme dalam liputan pemberitaan media cetak nasional terhadap negara-negara Timur Tengah (Irak dan Iran) di dua negara yang berbeda (Slovenia dan Amerika Serikat). Tulisan ini menemukan bahwa liputan berita yang dimuat dalam Delo, The New York Times, The Washington Post maupun The Wall Street Journal, menunjukkan asumsi-asumsi orientalisme sebagai gaya berpikir yang dilandaskan pada perbedaan ontologi dan epistemologi antara Timur dan Barat. Perbedaan tersebut kemudian membuat liputan yang dimuat, baik berupa gambar ataupun editorial, tidak berimbang dan memungkinkan adanya misrepresentasi.

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ABSTRACTThe study is aimed to describe the importance of orientalism as a concept employed in the media by reviewing the comparison of two international journals noted the description of orientalism in the national news report regarding Middle East countries (Iran and Iraq) in the two distinct countries (Slovenia and United States). This studi discovered that news report comprised in Delo, The New York Times, The Washington Post and The Wall Street Journal have presented orientalism assumtions as a paradigm laid based on the ontological and epistemological difference of the East and the West. These differences then resulted to produce unbalanced and misrepresented news either in the form of pictorial or editorial news."

"This paper aims to explain and analyze the formulation of Indonesia's foreign policy in China's unilateral claim to the North Natuna Sea area. This claim is based on China's argument that this area is a traditional Chinese fishing area. This paper uses a qualitative method of analysis with analysis data collection techniques. References. The results obtained are that the formulation of Indonesia's foreign policy model on China's claims in the North Natuna Sea area uses a diplomatic approach. This is relevant to Indonesia's character as a middle power country. Middle power democracy has always been a catalyst, facilitator and manager in resolvingregional or international conflicts. This condition is also in theory consistent with the foreign policy model designed by John Lovell, namely using the accommodation method. Furthermore, this condition is also consistent with the character of foreign policy in Mandala theory called Asana."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai politik luar negeri Amerika Serikat di Timur Tengah pada masa pemerintahan Barack Obama tahun 2009-2014. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan mengambil studi terhadap penarikan pasukan Amerika Serikat dari Afghanistan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa politik luar negeri Amerika Serikat di Timur Tengah pada masa pemerintahan Barack Obama mengalami perubahan pendekatan dari hard power ke smart power. Tesis ini menemukan bahwa ada empat faktor yang membuat Amerika Serikat akan menarik pasukannya dari Afghanistan, yaitu : kematian Osama Bin Laden, tuntutan politik dalam negeri, kondisi ekonomi dalam negeri, dan konstelasi internasional.

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This thesis discusses about U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East during the Barack Obama administration years 2009-2014. This study is a qualitative research by taking study of the withdrawal U.S. forces from Afghanistan. The results of this study indicate that U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East during the reign of Barack Obama is change from the hard power approach to the smart power approach. This thesis found that there are four factors that make the U.S. will withdraw its forces from Afghanistan, namely : the death of Osama Bin Laden, the demands of domestic politics, economic conditions in the country, and the international constellation."