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"Latar belakang : Inflamasi pada hemodialisis (HD) berhubungan dengan terjadinya kontak darah dengan membran dialisis, cairan dialisat, akses vaskuler dan infeksi. Peningkatan sitokin pro-inflamasi berperan penting terhadap terjadinya aterosklerosis selain itu inflamasi berakibat anoreksia dan kondisi hiperkatabolik yang menyebabkan malnutrisi. Keadaan ini disebut sebagai Sindrom Malnutrisi-Inflamasi-Aterosklerosis. Karakteristik HD di Indonesia berbeda dengan negara maju, perbedaan tersebut terkait penggunaan dialyzer pakai ulang dan tipe low-flux, belum menggunakan dialisat ultrapure dan dosis HD yang tidak adekuat.Tujuan : Melihat beda rerata antara Skor-MI, hsCRP dan sTNFR-1 pada pasien HD yang mengalami aterosklerosis dan yang tidak aterosklerosis.Metode Penelitian : Desain studi potong lintang pada pasien HD yang dalam keadaan stabil yang sudah menjalani HD antara 3 bulan sampai 5 tahun di RSUP Fatmawati. Jumlah subyek 60 orang yang dikumpulkan dalam kurun waktu Desember 2013 sampai dengan Februari 2014. Pemeriksaan hsCRP dan sTNFR-1 sebagai biomarker inflamasi, untuk menentukan status nutrisi menggunakan skor malnutrisi-inflamasi(Skor-MI) dan pemeriksaan USG doppler arteri Karotis untuk menentukan penebalan intima-media(CIMT). Analisis statistik dengan uji T dan uji Mann-Whitney.Hasil : Penelitian ini menunjukkan Skor-MI pada kelompok yang CIMT positif (aterosklerosis) memiliki nilai median lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok yang non aterosklerosis (7 vs 5). Sedangkan kadar sTNFR-1 memiliki nilai median CIMT positif (3.48) lebih rendah dibandingkan CIMT negatif (12,126 vs 11,657). Kadar hsCRP pada kelompok CIMT positif memiliki nilai rata-rata lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok dengan CIMT yang negatif (3.48 vs 5.32). Dari ketiga variabel tersebut tidak ada beda rerata (p>0,05).Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat beda rerata antara Skor-MI, hsCRP dan sTNFR-1 pada pasien HD yang mengalami aterosklerosis dan yang tidak aterosklerosis.

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Background: Inflammation in hemodialysis is associated with blood contact with dialysis membrane, dialysate solution, vascular access and infection. Increment of pro-inflammatory cytokine plays important role in atherosclerosis development. Inflammation also causes anorexia and hypercatabolism state leading to malnutrition. This condition is called malnutrition-inflammation-atherosclerosis syndrome. Hemodialysis characteristics in Indonesia is different with those in developed countries. Those differences are associated with reuse dialyzer, low flux hemodialysis, inadequate dose of hemodialysis, and unavailability of ultrapure dialysate.Aim: To determine the mean difference between MI score, hsCRP and sTNFR-1 in hemodyalisis patients with atherosclerosis and non-atherosclerosis.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which has involved hemodialysis patients who underwent HD between 3 months to 5 years in Fatmawati Central Hospital. There are 60 subjects collected from December 2013 until February 2014. hsCRP and soluble TNFR-1 were used as inflammation biomarker, MI score was used to assess nutritional status. and carotid doppler ultrasonography was used to assess carotid intima media thickness. This study used T-test and Mann-Whitney for statistical analysis.Results: Median score for malnutrition-inflammation score in atherosclerotic group is higher than non atherosclerotic group (7 vs 5), while the median sTNFR-1 in atherosclerotic group is lower than non atherosclerotic group (12,126 vs 11,657). Mean hsCRP in atherosclerotic group is higher than non atherosclerotic group (3.48 vs 5.32). There are no mean differences of all those three variables (p>0.05).Conclusion: No mean differences between MI-score, hsCRP, and sTNFR-1 with atherosclerotic and non-atherosclerotic in HD patients."

"Latar Belakang: Kadar hsCRP berhubungan dengan mayor adverse cardiac events. Pada PJK stabil, hubungan antara kadar hsCRP dengan skor SYNTAX sebagai gambaran derajat aterosklerosis koroner belum jelas. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar hsCRP dengan skor SYNTAX pada penderita PJK stabil, dan mengetahui titik-potong kadar hsCRP yang dapat membedakan antara kelompok skor SYNTAX rendah dengan yang tinggi. Metode: Observasional potong-lintang pada consecutive 93 subjek penderita PJK stabil dewasa yang menjalani angiografi koroner di RSUPNCM pada bulan Mei sampai September 2018, untuk memperoleh skor SYNTAX. Diambil darah dari arteri perifer sebelum tindakan angiografi untuk pemeriksaan hsCRP dan laboratorium dasar. Dieksklusi penderita infeksi berat, trauma, PGK, sirosis hati, keganasan, pengobatan steroid. Selanjutnya data dikumpulkan dan dianalisis. Skor SYNTAX dikelompokkan tinggi bila > 27, dan rendah bila nilai < 27. Untuk menilai titikpotong kadar hsCRP dipakai uji Sperman karena distribusi data tidak normal. Hasil: Ditemukan rerata umur 60,23 tahun (SB 8,984), IMT 26,30 Kg/m2 (SB 3,903), kol-LDL 117,74 mg/dL (SB 36,31). Kadar hsCRP dan skor SYNTAX tidak dipengaruhi oleh IMT atau kol-LDL (hsCRP-IMT: r:0,032; p:0,772; skor SYNTAX-IMT: r:-0,021; p:0,849; hsCRP-kol LDL: r:-0,149; p:0,266; skor SYNTAX-kol LDL: r:0,159; p:0,234). Ditemukan korelasi positif lemah hsCRP dengan skorSYNTAX (r:0,270; p:0,009) dan Titik-potong pada kadar hsCRP 2,35 mg/L (sensitifitas 0,69; spesifisitas 0,53). Nilai AUC 0,554, IK 95%, p: 0,472, merupakan diskriminasi yang kurang baik. Simpulan: Pada penderita PJK stabil, kadar hsCRP berkorelasi positif lemah dengan skor SYNTAX sebagai gambaran derajat aterosklerosis. Kadar hsCRP dengan titik-potong > 2,35 mg/L dapat membedakan kelompok yang mempunyai skor SYNTAX rendah dengan kelompok skor SYNTAX tinggi, namun nilai prediksinya relatif rendah.

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Background: High sensitivity C-reactive protein levels are associated with mayor adverse cardiac events. In stable CAD, the association of baseline hcCRP level with coronary atherosclerosis severity assessed by SYNTAX score were not clear.

Objective: To investigate the association between hsCRP level and SYNTAX score in patients with stable CAD, and to know cut-off point of hsCRP level which can differentiated between the group of low SYNTAX score and of high SYNTAX score.

Methods: Cross-sectional observation to the consecutive 93 subject adult patients of stable CAD, undergoing coronary angiography in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital on May to September 2018 to obtain SYNTAX score. The blood tests were taking from pheripheral artery prior to carrying out of coronary angiography to obtain level of hsCRP and laboratory data base. The exclusion were severe infection, trauma, CKD, cirrhosis hepatis, malignancy, and steroid therapy. The SYNTAX score will be differentiated between the group of high if the value > 27, and the group of low if the value < 27. Sperman analysis will be used to evaluate hsCRP cut-off point.

Results: Average age was 60,23 year (SD 8,984), BMI 26,30 Kg/m2 (SD 3,903), and LDL-chol 117,74 (SD 36,31). The Level of hsCRP and SYNTAX score were not influenced by BMI or LDL-chol (hsCRP - BMI: r:0,032; p:0,772; SYNTAX score - BMI: r:-0,021; p:0,849; hsCRP- LDL-chol: r:-0,149; p:0,266; SYNTAX score - LDL-chol: r:0,159; p:0,234). We found positif corelation (weak) between hsCRP and SYNTAX Score (r:0,270; p:0,009). Cut-off point was found in the hsCRP level 2,35 mg/L (sensitivity 0,69; spesivisity 0,53). AUC 0,554, CI 95%, p: 0,472, were the poor discrimination.

Conclusions: There were positif (weak) correlation between hsCRP level and SYNTAX score in stable CAD patients. Cut-off point in the hsCRP level > 2,35 mg/L can differentiated between the group of low SYNTAX score and of high SYNTAX score, but the prediction value is low-grade."

"ABSTRAKAdverse pregnancy outcome (APO) adalah kondisi patologis kehamilan yang berperan dalam morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal dan perinatal, antara lain preeklamsia (PE)/ eklamsia, keguguran berulang, kematian janin dalam kandungan, dan pertumbuhan janin terhambat (PJT). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui peran resistensi arteri uterina, kadar Annexin-V, sTNF-R2, dan sFlt-1 pada serum wanita hamil trimester II sebagai prediktor PE dan PJT.Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan desain potong lintang, kohort dan nested case control di RS.Fatmawati dan Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilandak, Jakarta Selatan. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil 22?24 minggu yang datang ke poliklinik antenatal care. Dilakukan pemeriksaan doppler velosimetri arteri uterina. Bila tinggi/takik dikategorikan sebagai kasus dan bila normal sebagai kontrol. Pada seluruh subjek penelitian dilakukan pemeriksaan Annexin-V, sTNF-R2 dan sFlt-1. Seluruh subjek diikuti secara prospektif sampai dengan timbul gejala PE atau PJT.Dari 96 subjek, 47 kasus dan 49 kontrol, lima subjek (5,2 %) dengan manifestasi APO, terdiri dari 3 subjek mengalami Preeklamsia (PE) dan Pertumbuhan Janin Terhambat (PJT), 2 subjek hanya mengalami Pertumbuhan Janin Terhambat (PJT). Seluruhnya terjadi pada kelompok kasus (10,6 %), dengan risiko relatif kejadian APO 11,46 (95 % IK: 0,65?201,66).Nilai titik potong kadar Annexin-V serum pada APO ≤ 0,84 ng/mL dengan nilai sensitivitas 80% dan spesifisitas 61,50%. Nilai titik potong kadar sTNF-R2 serum pada APO ≤ 236,93 ng/mL dengan nilai sensitivitas 60,00% dan spesifisitas 53,80%. Titik potong kadar sFlt-1 serum pada APO ≥ 1331,66 pg/mL dengan nilai sensitivitas 40,00% dan spesifisitas 75,80 %.Di buat model prediksi, menggunakan variabel paritas, usia maternal dan kadar annexin-V < 0,84 ng/mL. Resistensi arteri uterina yang tinggi di usia kehamilan 22?24 minggu meningkatkan peluang terjadinya APO 11,46 kali

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ABSTRACTAdverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) is a group of pathological conditions of pregnancy which play a role in morbidity and/or mortality maternal/perinatal. Included in this complications are preeclampsia (PE)/eclampsia, recurrent miscarriage, fetal death in utero, and Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR). The objective of this study was to determine the role of resistance of the uterine artery by doppler velocymetry examination, the serum levels of annexin-V, sTNF-R2, and sFlt-1 in the 22?24 weeks of pregnancy as a predictor of PE and FGR.This study was conducted at Fatmawati Hospital and Cilandak Subdistrict Health Center, South of Jakarta. Subjects of the study was a 22?24 weeks pregnant women who came to the antenatal care clinic. Doppler velocymetry examination of uterine artery was conducted, subjects with high resistance categorized as cases, while when normal, categorized as a control. To all of the subjects, measurement of serum Annexin-V, sTNF-R2 and sFlt-1 was carry out.Out of 96 subjects, 47 were cases and 49 were controls. Five (5.2 % ) subjects with APO, consisting of three subjects had PE and FGR, two subjects experienced only FGR. All of APO found in the case group (10.6%), with relative risk was 11.46 (95% CI: 0.65?201.66), with p = 0.096. If the notch was seen, the relative risk of APO was 6.44 (95% CI: 0.78?53.20), with p = 0.04.The cut-off point of serum Annexin V in subject with APO was ≤ 0.84 ng / mL with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 61.50%. The cut-off point serum levels of TNF-R2 in subject with APO was ≤ 236.93 ng/mL, with a 60.00% sensitivity and specificity of 53.80%. The cut-off point serum levels of sFlt-1 in subject with APO was ≥1331.66 pg/mL with a 40.00% sensitivity and specificity of 75.80%.Prediction model has been made, using variabel maternal age, parity and the serum level of Annexin V. High uterine artery resistance at 22?24 weeks gestational age increases the chances of APO 11.46 times"

"Latar Belakang. Penggunaan obat antiepilepsi (OAE) generasi lama (karbamazepin, fenitoin, fenobarbital dan asam valproat) mendominasi tatalaksana epilepsi di Indonesia. OAE tersebut berpotensi menimbulkan efek samping obesitas, peningkatan fraksi lipid aterogenik, peningkatan homosistein, resistensi insulin dan stres oksidatif yang merupakan faktor risiko ateroksklerosis dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Oleh karena itu diperlukan penilaian risiko global kejadian kardiovaskular dan aterosklerosis pada orang dengan epilepsi (ODE) yang menggunakan OAE generasi lama, yaitu dengan mengukur kadar hs-CRP plasma. Molekul hs-CRP merupakan penanda biologis inflamasi tingkat rendah dan penyebab langsung aterosklerosis. Metode. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang yang membandingkan kelompok studi (ODE yang menggunakan OAE generasi lama) dan kelompok orang normal yang usia dan jenis kelaminnya disesuaikan. Subjek kelompok studi didapatkan dari populasi ODE yang kontrol di Poliklinik Saraf RS Cipto Mangunkusumo dan Yayasan Epilepsi Indonesia. Dilakukan wawancara, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan laboratorium pada semua subjek. Hasil. Didapatkan masing-masing 44 subjek kelompok studi dan kontrol. Kadar hs-CRP pada kelompok studi (1,19 (0,27-9,13) mg/L) lebih tinggi secara signifikan dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (0,745 (0,13-4,9) mg/L). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia, jenis kelamin, tipe bangkitan terakhir, jenis dan jumlah OAE dengan kadar hs-CRP. Kadar hs-CRP cenderung lebih tinggi pada ODE yang menggunakan OAE generasi lama penginduksi ekstensif enzim CYP (fenitoin, karbamazepin dan fenobarbital) dibandingkan asam valproat (1,785 (0,27-9,13) vs 0,77 + 0,36 mg/L). Kadar hs-CRP kelompok OAE penginduksi enzim CYP lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan kontrol, sedangkan rerata kadar hs-CRP kelompok asam valproat tidak berbeda dengan kontrol. Kadar hs-CRP juga cenderung lebih tinggi pada kelompok politerapi (2,255 (0,43-8,67) mg/L) dibandingkan monoterapi (1,105 (0,27-9,13) mg/L). Nilai median kadar hs-CRP kelompok politerapi penginduksi-penginduksi enzim CYP lebih tinggi (3,11 (1,80-8,67) mg/L) dibandingkan kelompok politerapi penginduksi-bukan penginduksi enzim (0,96 (0,43-4,59) mg/L). Pada analisis multivariat, interaksi antara jumlah dan jenis OAE berhubungan dengan kadar hs-CRP secara bermakna. Simpulan. Kadar hs-CRP pada ODE yang menggunakan OAE generasi lama lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Kadar hs-CRP cenderung lebih tinggi pada ODE yang menggunakan OAE generasi lama penginduksi ekstensif enzim CYP dan menggunakan OAE politerapi. Terdapat peningkatan risiko mengalami kejadian kardiovaskular dan aterokslerosis yang lebih tinggi pada ODE yang menggunakan OAE generasi lama penginduksi ekstensif enzim CYP baik monoterapi maupun politerapi.

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Background. Old generation antiepileptic drugs (AED), including carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital and valproic acid are still utilized extensively in treating epilepsy patients (EP) in Indonesia. Those drugs are potencial causing obesity, higher atherogenic lipid fraction, higher homocysteine, insulin resistance and oxidative stress which are atherosclerosis risk factor and cardiovascular events. Therefore, atherosclerosis and cardiovascular global risk assesment is required in epilepsy patients treated with those AED by measuring high sensitivity C-reactive Protein (hs-CRP). Hs-CRP is well-known biomarker of chronic low level inflammatory and direct etiology of atherosclerosis.

Method. This is a cross sectional study comparing study group (EP treated with old generation AED) and control group (healthy subjects), age and sex are matched. Subjects of study group are selected from EP who are visiting neurology outpatient clinic in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Indonesia Epilepsy Foundation. All subjects underwent interview, physical examination and laboratory investigations.

Result. Forty four patients are selected for each group. Hs-CRP level of study group (1.19 (0.27-9.13) mg/L) is significantly higher compared to control group (0.745 (0.13-4.9) mg/L). No significant correlation between age, sex, last epileptic seizure type, AED type and duration with hs-CRP level. Hs-CRP level in EP treated with extensive CYP-inducer AED tend to be higher than valproic acid-treated patients (1.785 (0.27-9.13) vs 0.77 + 0.36 mg/L). Hs-CRP level in EP treated with extensive CYP-inducer AED is significantly higher compared to their control group, whereas no difference in valproic acid group compared to their control. Polytherapy group (2.255 (0.43-8.67) mg/L) tends to have higher hs-CRP level compared to monotherapy group (1.105 (0.27-9.13) mg/L). Median of hs-CRP in extensive CYP-inducer polytherapy (3.11 (1.80-8.67) mg/L) is higher than polytherapy with combination AED (0.96 (0.43-4.59) mg/L). In multivariat analysis, interaction between number and type of AED is significantly related to hs-CRP level.

Conclusion. Level of hs-CRP in EP treated with old generation AED is significantly higher than control. Hs-CRP level tends to be higher in EP treated with CYP inducer AED and polytherapy although not reaching significant point. Therefore, there is increased cardiovascular events and atherosclerosis risk in EP treated with extensive CYP-inducer AED in monotherapy and polytherapy manner."

"Latar Belakang : Inflamasi kronik berhubungan dengan tumor dan menyebabkan prognosis yang buruk pada pasien kanker. Salah satu penanda inflamasi yang meningkat pada tumor adalah C-Reactive Protein (CRP). Kadar CRP meningkat pada lebih dari 50% pasien keganasan. Peningkatan CRP berhubungan kuat dengan keparahan penyakit pada beberapa kanker. Salah satu zat gizi dalam inflamasi adalah asam lemak omega-3. Asam lemak omega-3 dapat meningkatkan pembentukan specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) yang berfungsi meningkatkan mediator antiinflamasi, melindungi blood brain barrier, menurunkan sitokin proinflamasi, menurunkan apoptosis neuron. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan CRP pada pasien tumor sistem saraf pusat.Metode : Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan pada subjek berusia 18-65 tahun di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan November hingga Desember 2023. Pengukuran CRP menggunakan metode immunoturbidimetric assay. Pengambilan asupan asam lemak omega-3 menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaires semikuantitatif. Analisis bivariat digunakan untuk menilai hubungan antara variabel bebas dan terikat.Hasil : Dari total 63 subjek penelitian, sebanyak 35 subjek (55,6%) pada kelompok asupan asam lemak omega-3 < 2 g/hari dan 28 subjek (44,4%) pada kelompok asupan asam lemak omega-3 ≥ 2 g/hari. Nilai median CRP 8,3 (0,6 – 71,5) mg/L. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna (p = 0,714) antara asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan CRP pada pasien tumor sistem saraf pusat.Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara asupan asam lemak omega-3 dengan CRP pada pasien tumor sistem saraf pusat.

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Background: Chronic inflammation is associated with tumors and causes poor prognosis in tumor patients. One of the inflammatory markers that increase in tumors is C-Reactive Protein (CRP). CRP levels are elevated in more than 50% of patients with malignancies. Elevated CRP is associated with disease severity in some cancers. One of the nutrients in inflammation is omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids can increase the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM) which function to increase anti-inflammatory mediators, protect the blood brain barrier, reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduce neuron apoptosis. This study aims to assess the relationship between omega-3 fatty acid intake and CRP in patients with central nervous system tumors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on subjects aged 18-65 years at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from November to December 2023. CRP measurement using immunoturbidimetric assay method. Omega-3 fatty acid intake was collected using semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Bivariate analysis was used to assess the relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Results: From the total 63 research subjects, 35 subjects (55,6%) in the omega-3 fatty acid intake group < 2 g/day and 28 subjects (44,4%) in the omega-3 fatty acid intake group ≥ 2 g/day. The median CRP value was 8.3 (0.6 - 71.5) mg/L. There was no significant relationship (p = 0,714) between omega-3 fatty acid intake and CRP in patients with central nervous system tumors.

Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between omega-3 fatty acid intake and CRP in patients with central nervous system tumors."

"ABSTRAKPada operasi koreksi penyakit jantung bawaan PJB dengan teknik pintas jantung paru PJP , proses sindrom respons inflamasi sistemik SRIS sering menjadi penyulit pascaoperasi. Disfungsi mitokondria pada SRIS diawali dengan pelepasan mediator inflamasi TNF-. Dampak cedera neurologis pascabedah belum dapat dihindari. Biomarker Brain derived protein S100B dapat digunakan sebagai penanda hipoksia serebral akibat disfungsi mikrosirkulasi dan mitokondria pada operasi PJB. Pemantauan keadaan hipoksia serebral diperlukan karena kejadian awal defisit neurologis sering tidak menimbulkan manifestasi klinis. Near infrared spectroscopy NIRS merupakan salah satu alat yang dapat memantau penghantaran oksigen ke otak dengan mengukur saturasi oksigen serebral SctO 2 . Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi peran S100B, sTNFR-1, laktat, saturasi vena cava superior dan saturasi oksigen serebral sebagai prediktor kejadian defisit neurologis pada operasi koreksi PJB. Penelitian ini bersifat kohort propsektif. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien anak dengan PJB usia 1 bulan minus;6 tahun yang menjalani operasi koreksi. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien anak dengan sindrom Down, dengan arteri koroner tunggal, dan yang orang tuanya menolak berpartisipasi dalam penelitian. Dalam analisis, subjek dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yakni kelompok 1 mengalami defisit neurologis dan kelompok 2 tidak mengalami defisit neurologis . Semua subjek dipantau selama perawatan di ICU, dan tetap diikuti sampai keluar rumah sakit. Pemeriksaan darah dilakukan dalam tiga kali pemantauan: pra-operasi, akhir PJP, dan 4 jam pasca-PJP. Monitoring NIRS dilakukan selama 24 jam pascabedah di ICU. Selama periode Maret 2015 minus;Oktober 2015, didapatkan 51 pasien yang diteliti. Terdapat perbedaan proporsi yang bermakna antara konsentrasi S100B, sTNFR-1, laktat, dan NIRS AUC 20 baseline saturasi serebral pasien PJB pascabedah koreksi dengan PJP pada kelompok berdasarkan defisit neurologis. Parameter tersebut dapat dipakai sebagai model prediktor kejadian defisit neurologis pascabedah jantung dengan PJP. Nilai S100B, sTNFR-1, laktat, dan nilai NIRS AUC 20 dari baseline saturasi serebral dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor kejadian defisit neurologis pascabedah pada operasi PJB dengan mesin PJP.

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In congenital heart disease CHD surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass CPB machine, systemic inflammation response syndrome SIRS process often causes post-operation complication. Mitochondria dysfunction in SRIS starts with the release of inflammation mediator TNF-? and sTNFR-1. Neurological injury after pediatric congenital heart surgery still cannot be avoided. Study about brain derived protein S100B as a biomarker for cerebral hypoxia caused by microcirculation and mitochondria disfunction as SRIS consequence in PJP in pediatric CHD surgery has yet to be conducted. Observation to find cerebral hypoxia is needed because the early stages of cerebral hypoxia often not show any symptoms. NIRS is one of the tools for observing oxygen delivery to the brain by measuring the cerebral oxygen saturation SctO 2 . In Indonesia, NIRS is still not common to be used and there are no studies about it yet. This study aimed to evaluate the role of S100B, sTNFR-1, lactate, saturation of superior vena cava and cerebral saturation as the predictor of neurological deficiency incidence on correction of CHD. This was a prospective cohort research. Inclusion criteria were children with CHD aged 1 month minus;6 years old who underwent corrective operation. Exclusion criterias were children with Down syndrome, with single coronary artery, and whose parents declined to participate in this study. In analysis, subjects were divided into 2 groups; group 1 with neurological deficit and group 2 without neurological deficit. All subjects were observed closely while they were in ICU, observed until they discharge from hospital. Blood examination were done 3 times: before surgery, after CPB, and 4 hours after CPB. Monitoring of NIRS was done during 24 hours after surgery in ICU. During March minus;October 2015, there were 51 patients included. There are significant difference for value of S100B, STNFR-1, lactate, and NIRS AUC 20 baseline of cerebral saturation between groups based on neurological deficit occurrence. Those parameters could be used as predictor of neurologic deficiency incidence post operation using CPB in CHD children. In CHD patients who underwent corrective operation with CPB, S100B value, sTNFR1, lactate, and AUC 20 baseline of cerebral saturation could be used as predictor of neurologic deficit after corrective operation."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui korelasi antara penilaian risiko malnutrisi menggunakan skor PG-SGA dengan kadar CRP serum sehingga dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi tingkat inflamasi pada pasien kanker kepala dan leher stadium I_IV guna mencegah terjadinya kaheksia. Malnutrisi hingga kaheksia pada kanker terjadi karena interaksi faktor tumor, faktor pejamu dan faktor-faktor lainnya. Faktor tumor berupa sitokin pro-inflamasi akan memicu respons pejamu untuk memproduksi protein fase akut seperti CRP. Protein fase akut memerlukan sejumlah substrat yaitu asam amino yang berasal dari otot rangka. Otot rangka akan mengalami degradasi sehingga menyebabkan wasting otot rangka. Oleh karena itu, CRP selain dapat digunakan sebagai marker inflamasi sistemik juga dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu indikator faktor risiko yang berperan dalam terjadinya malnutrisi dan kaheksia. Efek wasting otot rangka yang ditimbulkan secara tidak langsung oleh CRP dapat dinilai dengan terdapatnya penurunan BB maupun berkurangnya massa otot yang juga merupakan komponen dalam penilaian PG-SGA. Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang dengan menggunakan consecutive sampling yang melibatkan 51 subjek kanker kepala dan leher stadium I_IV yang belum mendapatkan terapi. Hasil penelitian didapatkan rerata usia 46,6 13,9 tahun, sebanyak 76,5 berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Kanker nasofaring merupakan kanker terbanyak 80,4 , dan stadium terbanyak yaitu stadium IVA. Rerata indeks massa tubuh IMT yaitu 20,6 4,0 kg/m2, dan sebanyak 37,3 subjek berada pada IMT normal. Berdasarkan skor PG-SGA sebanyak 64,7 subjek berisiko tinggi malnutrisi dengan rerata skor PG-SGA 11,7 6,2. Nilai median CRP yaitu 6,4 0,4_170,4 . Penelitian ini memperoleh korelasi positif yang signifikan antara skor PG-SGA dengan kadar CRP serum dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah r = 0,372; p = 0,007.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between the malnutrition risk assessment using PG SGA score with serum CRP levels so that it can be used to predict the levels of inflammation in head and neck cancer patients stage I IV to prevent cachexia. Malnutrition and cancer cachexia occurs due to the interaction of tumor factors, host factors and other factors. Tumor factors such as pro inflammatory cytokines will trigger a response of the host to produce acute phase proteins such as CRP. Acute phase protein which require a number of amino acids derived from skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscles will be degraded, causing skeletal muscle wasting. Therefore, CRP can be used as a marker of systemic inflammation and can be used as one indicator of the risk factors also that contribute to malnutrition and cachexia. Effect of skeletal muscle wasting which caused indirectly by the CRP can be assessed by the weight loss and reduced muscle mass which is a component in the assessment of PG SGA also. This study is a cross sectional study using consecutive sampling, 51 subjects head and neck cancer stage I IV who had not received treatment participated in this study. Data showed the mean age of subjects was 46.6 13,9 years, and 76 were male. Most cancer sites were as nasopharyngeal 80,4, and mostly in stage IVA. The mean body mass index BMI is 20,6 40 kg m2, with most of the BMI is normal 37,3. Based on PG SGA score 64,7 of the subjects at high risk of malnutrition, and the PG SGA mean score is 11,7 6,2. The median value of CRP is 6,4 0,4 170,4. The result of this study showed a significant positive correlation between PG SGA score with serum CRP levels with the strength of correlation is weak r 0,372 p 0,007. "

"Defisiensi besi pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronis dengan hemodialisis (PGK-HD) merupakan penyebab terapi erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA) menjadi tidak responsif. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) merupakan marker evaluasi status besi serta respons eritropoiesis yang tidak dipengaruhi inflamasi. Indeks sTfR (rasio sTfR/log feritin) diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan performa sTfR. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi performa diagnostik sTfR dan indeks sTfR dalam tatalaksana anemia defisiensi besi pada PGK-HD. Penelitian merupakan studi potong lintang yang melibatkan 127 pasien PGK-HD di Unit Hemodialisis RS Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan Agustus-September 2018. Setiap subjek diperiksakan sTfR, indeks sTfR, marker besi, feritin, reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He), serta darah perifer lengkap. Saturasi transferin (TSAT) dan RET-He digunakan sebagai baku emas. Uji diagnostik menggunakan Chi Square dan kurva receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Pada penelitian ini didapatkan titik potong sTfR 2,71 mg/L (sensitivitas 83,3%, spesifisitas 56,5%) dan titik potong indeks sTfR 1,39 (sensitivitas 76,2%, spesifisitas 70,6%). Parameter sTfR dapat bermanfaat sebagai skrining dalam penentuan status besi serta respon eritropoiesis pada pasien PGK-HD. Tata laksana terapi besi yang adekuat akan membuat terapi ESA menjadi efektif, sehingga anemia dapat teratasi, dan kualitas hidup pasien membaik.

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Iron deficiency in patients with chronic kidney disease and hemodialysis (CKD-HD) can cause unresponsiveness to erythropoietin-stimulating agent (ESA). Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is a potential marker to evaluate iron status and erythropoiesis response, that’s not influenced by inflammation. The sTfR index (sTfR/log ferritin ratio) has been proposed could increase the diagnostic efficacy than sTfR alone. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of sTfR and sTfR index for management of iron deficiency in CKD-HD. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia from August-September 2018, involving 127 CKD-HD patients. The sTfR level, sTfR index (sTfR/log ferritin), iron status, ferritin level, reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RET-He), and complete blood count were assessed. Transferrin saturation (TSAT) and RET-He were used as references. Diagnostic tests were analyzed using the chi-square test and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. We identified sTfR cutoff of 2.71 mg/L (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 56.5%) and sTfR index cutoff of 1.39 (sensitivity 76.2%, specificity 70.6%). The sTfR might be useful as a screening parameter to evaluate iron status and erythropoietin response in CKD-HD patients. Appropriate iron therapy will make ESA therapy more effective, which will help to overcome anemia, and finally will improve the quality of life of CKD-HD patients.

 

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"Identifikasi IL-6, PCT, dan CRP dalam mendiagnosis awal bakteremia pada pasien leukemia akut dengan demam neutropenia banyak dilakukan. Tujuan studi ini mengetahui performa diagnostik delta IL-6, delta PCT, dan delta CRP sebagai penanda awal kejadian bakteremia pada pasien leukemia akut dewasa dengan neutropenia berat selama menjalani kemoterapi standar (agresif). Desain studi ini potong lintang dengan mengambil semua pasien leukemia akut dewasa yang mengalami neutropenia berat selama menjalani kemoterapi agresif di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo dan RS Kanker Dharmais sejak 9 Agt – 9 Nov 2023. Sampel darah IL-6, PCT dan CRP diambil sebelum mulai kemoterapi dan dalam 24 jam saat mulai mengalami neutropenia berat serta kultur darah aerob volume 40cc dalam 24 jam sejak neutropenia berat. Performa diagnostik delta IL-6, delta PCT, dan delta CRP lemah dan tidak berbeda bermakna sebagai penanda bakteremia dengan AUC 0,6703 (IK95% 0,507-0,833); 0,6821 (IK 95% 0,521-0,844); dan 0,694 (IK 95% 0,532-0,856) serta nilai p=0,9681. Prevalensi bakteremia pada studi ini 64,44% (29/45) dengan bakteri gram positif 77,42% (24/31) dan yang terbanyak ialah Staphylococcus Epidermidis 41,67% (10/24). Walaupun performa diagnostik ketiganya lemah, delta CRP dapat dipertimbangkan digunakan dengan mempertimbangkan biaya dan ketersediaan reagen.

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IL-6, PCT, and CRP test were often performed in acute leukemia patients with febrile neutropenia as early markers of bacteremia. Our objective was to determine the diagnostic performance of delta IL-6, delta PCT, and delta CRP as early markers of bacteremia in adult acute leukemia patients with severe neutropenia during standard/aggressive chemotherapy. This research was conducted using cross-sectional design by taking all of adult acute leukemia patients with severe neutropenia during aggressive chemotherapy at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Dharmais Hospital from 9 Aug – 9 Nov 2023. IL-6, PCT and CRP blood samples were taken before starting chemotherapy and within 24 hours of starting to experience severe neutropenia as well as blood cultures aerobic volume 40cc. The diagnostic performance of delta IL-6, delta PCT, and delta CRP were weak and didn’t differ significantly as early markers of bacteremia (p = 0.968) with an AUC of 0.6703 (95% CI 0.507-0.833); 0.6821 (95% CI 0.521-0.844); and 0.694 (95% CI 0.532-0.856). Bacteremia was found in 64.44% (29/45), mostly gram-positive bacteria (77.42%) and Staphylococcus epidermidis 41.67%. Although the diagnostic performance of all three markers were weak, delta CRP can be considered as an early marker regarding the cost and availability of reagents."