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"It is the aim of this essay to show the difficulties in Barry Smith&rsquos understanding ofCarl Menger&rsquos concept of essence and to clarify what essence means in Menger&rsquoseconomics. In section 1, I delineate Smith&rsquos understanding of Menger&rsquos concept ofessence. In sections 2&ndash3, I show that Smith misunderstands Menger&rsquos concept ofessence and explain what Menger&rsquos concept of essence means. In section 4, I showbriefly that Menger&rsquos economics discussed in &ldquoUntersuchungen uber die Methode derSozialwissenschaften und der politischen Oekonomie insbesondere&rdquo should not beconsidered to be a regional or categorical ontology of the economic reality. In section5, I comment on the future study of these issues"

"Potential market (traditional and modern) can be an indicator or barometer of the dynamics of the economy.Commodity potential is certainly will stimulate their productivity if the place of marketing representative, consumers inother areas can easily access the products. The increasing productivity of people's economy will directly or not affect theincrease in the revenue of the region, and public economy sector should be driven and developed optimally, considering itis big enough and great implication. This provides alternative and opportunities to the people of West Bandung Regencyto have shopping places with complete facility, but it needs considering the aspect of social economy"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak dari pemberian stimulus fiskal tahun 2009 terhadap perekonomian Indonesia khususnya terhadap sektor produksi, faktor produksi dan pendapatan rumah tangga serta menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi jenis stimulus fiskal yang paling baik dalam meningkatkan angka pertumbuhan nasional. Data yang digunakan untuk melakukan analisis adalah Sistim Neraca Sosial Ekonomi (SNSE) Nasional tahun 2008.Skenario kebijakan yang dilakukan terdiri dari 4 simulasi yakni simulasi dengan menggunakan data stimulus fiskal tahun 2009 sebagai injeksi (shock) terhadap matriks angka pengganda neraca (Ma), simulasi dengan menggunakan alokasi pengalihan insentif pajak ke sektor produksi sesuai proporsi pada stimulus fiskal 2009, simulasi dengan alokasi seluruh nilai stimulus fiskal ke angka pengganda sektor produksi sesuai proporsinya dan simulasi alokasi stimulus ke insentif pajak sesuai proporsi pada stimulus fiskal 2009.Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa stimulus fiskal 2009 memberikan dampak yang positif bagi penerimaan sektor produksi/output, nilai tambah tenaga kerja dan pendapatan rumah tangga. Namun berdasarkan simulasi yang dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa walaupun memberikan dampak positif terhadap perekonomian Indonesia, pemberian stimulus fiskal 2009 tidak efektif dalam meningkatkan angka pertumbuhan nasional. Dengan profil perekonomian Indonesia berdasarkan SNSE Nasional 2008, pemberian stimulus fiskal dengan memprioritaskan alokasi stimulus fiskal ke belanja pemerintah dengan proporsi angka pengganda pada sektor produksi menghasilkan hasil yang paling baik dalam tujuan untuk meningkatkan angka pertumbuhan nasional.

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This study aims to analyze the impact of fiscal stimulus to the economy of Indonesia in 2009 specifically for the production sectors, factors of production and household income as well as analyze and identify the type of fiscal stimulus is best in enhancing the national growth rate. The data used to perform system analysis is the Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) of the National in 2008.

Policy scenarios that consisted of four simulations with the simulation using the data of fiscal stimulus in 2009 as an injection (shock) on the balance sheet matrix multiplier (Ma), simulated by using tax incentives to transfer the allocation of production sectors in proportion to the stimulus of fiscal 2009, the simulation with allocation throughout the fiscal stimulus to the production sector multiplier corresponding simulated proportions and stimulus allocations in proportion to the tax incentives on the 2009 fiscal stimulus.

The analysis showed that the 2009 fiscal stimulus provide a positive impact on the production sector revenue / output, value-added employment and household income. However, based on simulations performed can be concluded that although a positive impact on the economy of Indonesia, the provision of the 2009 fiscal stimulus is not effective in enhancing the national growth rate. With Indonesia's economic profile based on the 2008 National SNSE, providing fiscal stimulus to prioritize the allocation of fiscal stimulus to the proportion of government spending multiplier on the production sector produces the best results in order to enhance national growth rate."