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"This is a comprehensive guide to drug transporters that influence the absorption, distribution, and elimination of drugs in the body. The development of powerful expression cloning and genome analysis techniques has facilitated the molecular identification and characterization of numerous transporters that play a crucial role in drug disposition. Explaining the principles of drug transport and the associated techniques, "Drug transporters : molecular characterization and role in drug disposition": provides a comprehensive overview of drug transporters; and, includes specific descriptions of transporter families, including substrate and inhibitor specificity, subcellular and tissue localization, mechanisms governing transport, species differences, the clinical implications of these transporters in human physiology and disease, and their role in drug distribution, elimination, and interactions in drug therapy.It describes transporter-mediated drug disposition, a newly emerging field in drug therapy. It gives a comprehensive summary of drug transport across biological membranes in the liver, brain, kidney, and intestine."

"This reference handbook is the first to provide a comprehensive overview, systematically characterizing all known transporters involved in drug elimination and resistance. Combining recent knowledge on all known classes of drug carriers, from microbes to man, it begins with a look at human and mammalian transporters. This is followed by microbial, fungal and parasitic transporters with special attention given to transport across those physiological barriers relevant for drug uptake, distribution and excretion. As a result, this key resource lays the foundations for understanding and investigating the molecular mechanisms for multidrug resistance in cancer cells, microbial resistance to antibiotics and pharmacokinetics in general."

"Discover the link between the latest chemical biology approaches and novel drug therapies! Protein Targeting with Small Molecules: Chemical Biology Techniques and Applications takes readers beyond the use of chemical biology in basic research, providing a highly relevant look at techniques that can address the challenges of biology and drug design and development. This indispensable bench companion features up-to-date coverage of advances in chemistry and assesses their impact on developing new therapeutics, making it ideal for chemical biologists and medicinal chemists who are developing small molecule drugs to target proteins and treat diseases. In addition, the book examines the full range of complex biological systems and their interrelationship with chemistry, from the interaction of biological response modifiers with proteins to the chemical biology of cell surface oligosaccharides. Distinguished by an overview of chemical biology that is reinforced and clarified by detailed examples and descriptions of techniques, Protein Targeting with Small Molecules: Chemical Biology Techniques and Applications:* Introduces key technologies and methods of chemical biology designed to detect the interactions of small molecules and proteins* Facilitates the discovery of small molecules that bind to proteins and describes the molecules' application in the investigation of biological processes* Presents timely coverage of the development of fluorescent probes for small molecules, as well as the generation of small molecule ligands and inhibitors* Reviews important techniques such as chemical genomics, target profiling, immobilization technology, detection methods, chemical inhibition, and structure-based targeting* Offers a compelling synopsis of data that underscores the recent progress made in the area of targeting proteins by small molecules"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempeiajari konsumsi glukosa. aktivitas spesifik LDHdan pola isozim LDH pada kondisi hipoksia sistemik kronik. Penelitian dilakukanterhadap hati tikus yang diinduksi hipoksia sistemik kronik 1, 3. 7 dan 14 hari.Konsumsi glukosa diukur dengan metode enzimatik Trlnder. Aktivitas spesiflk LDHdiukur dengan metode German Society of Clinical Chemistry (DGKC). Poia isozimLDH dianaJisis dengan eJektroforesis Titan Gel. Hasil peneHtian menunjukkan bahwakonsumsi g!ukosa pada hipoksia sistemik kronik cenderung rneningkat walaupuntidak. berbeda dengan kontrol. Aktivitas spesIfik LDH ditemukan paling tinggi padahipoksia 3 hari sedangkan pola elektroforesis isozim LDH menunjukkan perbeda.anpada hari ke-3 dan ke-7 hipoksia dengan kontroL Tidak terdapat hubungan antarakonsumsi glukosa dengan aktivitas spesifik LDH.

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to observe glucose consumption, specific activity ofLDH and electrophoretic LDH isoenzyme patterns on systemic chronic hypoxia. Thestudy was carried out with Jiver tissue of rats exposed to systemic hypoxia for 3, 7and 14 days. Glucose consumption was measured by Trinder method. The specificactivity ofLDH was performed using Gcnnan Society of Clinical Chemistry (DGKC)method, while LDH isoenzyme patterns were analyzed using Titcm Gelelectrophoresis, Results indicated that glucose consumption showed tendencies toincrease compared to control group, although the difference were not sigr.itlcant. Thespecific activity of LDH was highest on day 3 of the hypoxic group. Electrophoreticpatterns of LDH isoenzyme showed differences on day 3 and day 7 of hypoxia withcontroL It is concluded that glucose consumption is not related to specific activity ofLDH."

"This book is the first systems biology text to focus on how systems biology can be specifically applied to enhance drug discovery and development, with particular emphasis on real-world examples. Other texts on systems biology to date have focused on particular subdisciplines of systems biology (such as cellular networks) and have not specifically addressed drug discovery and development. This book introduces key methodologies and technical approaches for helping to solve many of the current challenges facing the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries."

"With its particular emphasis on the constitutive activity of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs)s, this book comprehensively discusses an important biological process that has not yet been covered in such depth in any other existing books on GPCRs. The international team of highly distinguished authors addresses in detail current models and concepts, to introduce medicinal chemists, physiologists, pharmacologists, and medical researchers into the advances in the understanding of GPCR activation and constitutive activity. In addition, the book provides an overview on methods of investigating constitutive GPCR activity. The text is well illustrated by selected experimental data and schemes.The chapters are all cross-referenced with each other and cover general mechanisms, methodological approaches and cover selected important GPCR systems, the consequences for drug action, including, side effects, and rational drug design for GPCR targets. The text is backed by abundant case studies and methodological advice for analysing GPCRs, covering selected pharmacologically relevant GPCR systems, the consequences for drug action, including unwanted side effects, and rational drug design for GPCR targets. It is a highly practical reference for researchers in academia and industry."

"The essentials of drug metabolism vital to developing new therapeutic entities.Information on the metabolism and disposition of candidate drugs is a critical part of all aspects of the drug discovery and development process. Drug metabolism, as practiced in the pharmaceutical industry today, is a complex, multidisciplinary field that requires knowledge of sophisticated analytical technologies and expertise in mechanistic and kinetic enzymology, organic reaction mechanism, pharmacokinetic analysis, animal physiology, basic chemical toxicology, preclinical pharmacology, and molecular biology. With chapters contributed by experts in their specific areas, this reference covers :- Basic concepts of drug metabolism- The role of drug metabolism in the pharmaceutical industry- Analytical techniques in drug metabolism- Common experimental approaches and protocolsDrug metabolism in drug design and development emphasizes practical considerations such as the data needed, the experiments and analytical methods typically employed, and the interpretation and application of data. Chapters highlight facts, common protocols, detailed experimental designs, applications, and limitations of techniques."

"This volume brings together experts in the biochemistry, cellular biology, immunology and molecular biology of molecular chaperones and protein-folding catalysts with a focus on the mechanisms of cellular trafficking of these proteins and the role of these variegated trafficking mechanisms in both human and animal health and disease."

"The book closes with chapters on recent progress in technologies: protein engineering to promote crystallization, micro-crystallization, and high-throughput crystallography. Withitsbroadperspective,thebookprovidesastate-of-the-artoverviewonimportant results and techniques that are relevant for protein 3D structure-based drug design."