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"ILUC is the abbreviation for Indirect Land Use Change. ILUC predictions mainly depend on the assumptions about how the additional agricultural demand for biomass production is covered. But iLUC due to agricultural growth varied strongly in the past among the different regions worldwide. Therefore, we analyzed the correlation between the development of the agricultural production and the land use changes and investigated which options (expansion of the agricultural area, increasing productivity, forest clearing etc.) supplied the feedstock demand for the growing agriculture sector in the past. Our investigations altogether show what the essential option for the increase of the biomass production has been and how it is related to the intensification of the usage of existing agricultural area, globally and even in countries with a high deforestation rate. Besides this the analysis of the main drivers of land use change in the past due to agriculture growth is essential for iLUC predictions and prevention policy. One driver was the loss of agricultural land in important areas all over the world. Our analysis shows that governance has a central influence on the development of land use. If the decoupling of production increase from the expansion of agricultural area for biomass production into nature areas wants to be achieved, it will have to happen via governance in the relevant countries. Therefore, instruments have to be developed and implemented that are able to regulate land use sophistically corresponding to the individual countries."

"Perkuliahan kapita selekta kimia material ditujukan bagi mahasiswa semester 7/8 di Jurusan Pendidikan Kimia UPI.Materi perkuliahan dirancang berbasis hasil-hasil penelitian baik penelitian internal maupun eksternal...."

"Mitra pada Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) ini adalah Kelompok Wanita Tani (KWT) yang bergerak pada bidang pertanian, berlokasi di Dusun Pulo Kalurahan Gulurejo Kapanewon Lendah Kabupaten Kulon Progo berjarak 28,7 km dari Universitas PGRI Yogyakarta (UPY). Masalah utama pada mitra adalah melimpahnya hasil pertanian dari KWT berupa pisang yang belum dikelola dan dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk menambah pendapatan keluarga karena belum adanya pengarahan tentang pengolahan makanan ringan, jangkauan pasar yang masih lokal dan desain produk yang masih konvensional. Tujuan PkM adalah membentuk dan mengembangkan kelompok usaha di Dusun Pulo yang mandiri secara ekonomi dengan memberikan solusi atas masalah pada mitra. Solusi untuk mengatasi masalah pada mitra antara lain dengan metode penyuluhan dan pelatihan diantaranya (1) Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan pengolahan pisang, (2) Pelatihan pengemasan produk, (3) Pelatihan manajemen pemasaran produk dengan memanfaatkan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK). Hasil dari PkM ini adalah kripik pisang yang telah dikemas, promosi produk dengan memanfaatkan TIK serta artikel yang dipublikasikan pada jurnal pengabdian masyarakat."

"After around a decade since the Asian financial crisis,the Indonesia economy has still experienced a realatively slow growth.The growth has tended to increase,but is considerably lower than of the pre-crisis era

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"This paper primarily attempts to detect the trend in the present upshots of global warming temperature data. It has been done through the estimation of the long memory fractional parameter using a simulation technique in the presence of additive outilers which stands as wild observations generated in the atmosphere due to global warming. Then the study investigates empirically the impact global warming on the particular aspect of global agricultural production. Based on Monte Carlo simulations, a data generating process is applied here additive outliers are generated in a discrate way. Observed facts reveal that additive outliers affect the bias and the MSE of the estimated fractional parameter. The size of the additive outliers in data generating process has also important effects on the estimated fractional parameter depending on the value of true fractional parameter. The result exhibits a non-trend or a natural cyclical variability influenced by a stochastic process in the case of climate change behavior with wild observations (outilers) that produce contradictory outcome of profound uncertainties againts the case of true world temperature data trend. The results of empirical investigations assert that in the late 21 century unabated global warming would have a negative impact on global agricultural production in the aggregate and the impact could be severe if carbon fertilization benefits (enhancements of yields in a carbon-rich environment) do not materialize, especially if water scarcity limits irrigation. In addition, if warming would not halt in the 2080s, but would continue on a path toward still higher global temperature in the composition of agricultural damage could be more severe. The study also shows that the composition of agricultural effects is likely to be seriously unfavorable to developing countries with the most severe losses in Africa, Latin America and India."

"Kabupaten Tangerang merupakan salah satu daerah tingkat dua yang menjadi bagian dari wilayah Propinsi Banten. Terletak pada posisi geografis yang strategis. Dipilihnya kawasan industri di Kabupaten Tangerang karena letak yang strategis tersebut menyebabkan Kabupaten Tangerang sebagai bagian dari pusat pertumbuhan industri wilayah Indonesia bagian barat. Analisa pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisa deskriptif yang menjelaskan terjadinya peralihan potensi lahan menjadi kawasan industri. Potensi lahan di dapatkan dari hasil scoring dan overlay. Pemberian nilai ini mengacu pada variabel (topografi, litologi, kemampuan tanah dan hidrologi) yang di jumlah dan di kali dengan variabel pembatas (banjir, erosi, dan salinitas tanah) untuk selanjutnya di analisa mengenai peralihan potensi lahan, dimana lahan yang harusnya sangat baik untuk pertanian beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan industri.

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Tangerang District is one of the two levels that are part of the Banten Province. Located in a strategic geographical position. Choosing the industrial area in Tangerang District as a strategic location in the Tangerang District as a central part of the growth industry of the western part of the Indonesian. Analysis on this research using descriptive analysis that describes the potential of a transition into industrial land. Potential land available in the scoring and results from the overlay. The provision of this value to the variables (topography, litologi, the ability to land and hydrology) and the number of times in the variable divider (floods, erosion, and soil salinity) for further analysis on the potential of the land, where the land should be very good for agricultural area of its functions into the industry."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang peran Bank BRI dalam penyaluran KUT kepada petani di Kediri Jawa Timur tahun 1994-1999. Bank BRI memiliki tugas utama dalam memberikan kredit kepada sektor pertanian, koperasi, dan nelayan. BRI juga harus membantu upaya negara untuk menerapkan politik agraria dan membangun masyarakat desa yang diwujudkan melalui program penyaluran KUT di Kediri. Kediri merupakan sebuah kawasan terpilih dalam program Kredit Usaha Tani (KUT) melalui pemberian modal dan penyuluhan untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian dan mencapai swasembada pangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang meliputi heuristik, kritik, interpretasi dan historiografi. Sumber utama penelitian ini adalah Arsip Undang-Undang No. 21 tahun 1968 tentang Pendirian Bank Rakyat Indonesia dan Nota Keuangan dan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Negara Tahun Anggaran 1999/2000 yang disandingkan dengan sumber lainnya seperti surat kabar sezaman, jurnal, buku, dan wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menggambarkan meningkatnya pemahaman petani terhadap fasilitas keuangan formal berupa pemberian modal oleh Bank BRI yang disalurkan kepada KUD. Akan tetapi dalam aspek peningkatan pendapatan hasil panen belum banyak dirasakan oleh para petani. Sebab rantai pemasaran hasil panen para petani KUT masih dikuasai oleh tengkulak dan dihadapkan dengan anjloknya harga di pasaran.

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This research discusses the role of Bank BRI in the distribution of KUT to farmers in Kediri, East Java in 1994-1999. Bank BRI has the main task of providing credit to the agricultural sector, cooperatives, and fishermen. BRI also had to assist the state's efforts to implement agrarian politics and build rural communities which was realized through the KUT distribution program in Kediri. Kediri is a selected area in the Farmer Business Credit (KUT) program through the provision of capital and counseling to increase agricultural production and achieve food self-sufficiency. This research uses historical methods which include heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The main sources of this research are the Archives of Law No. 21 of 1968 concerning the Establishment of Bank Rakyat Indonesia and the Financial Memorandum and State Budget for the 1999/2000 Fiscal Year which are juxtaposed with other sources such as contemporaneous newspapers, journals, books, and interviews. The results of this study illustrate the increasing understanding of farmers towards formal financial facilities in the form of capital provision by Bank BRI channeled to KUD. However, in the aspect of increasing crop income has not been much felt by the farmers. Because the marketing chain of KUT farmers' crops is still controlled by middlemen and faced with falling prices in the market."