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"On laws and practice of election in the constitutional system of Indonesia."

"The monetary crisis followed by the economic disaster in Asia region was the main reason for the increasing awareness of Good Corporate Governance. Bank Mandiri is one of the largest state-owned banking company receiving more than IDR 200 trillion recapitalization fund from the government in order to maintain its operation after the economic crisis, therefore it has to perform the best banking practices and should implement excellent corporate governance so that it could increase the stakeholder's value. The government as a share holder and regulator (through the central bank) should create guidances and regulations to ensure the implementation of good corporate governance not only in Bank Mandiri but also in any other state-owned company. The role of the government in providing Good Corporate Governance regulations is very important; therefore the government's employees (civil servant) should implement good governance in any governmental activities. Two regulations, namely the State-Owned Enterprise Law No. 19/2003 and Central Bank Regulation No. 8/4/PB1/2006 regarding good corporate governance for commercial bank, had been issued by the government. Those regulations are relevant to the implementation of good corporate governance not only for government bodies and state-owned banks, but also for private banks. Hence the good corporate governance becomes a very important issue in Constitutional Law. While other theses of the similar topic come from economic's view, this thesis analyse the role of the government and the bureaucratic's apparatus in the implementattion and implication of GCG at Bank Mandiri as a state-owned banking company from constitutional law's view."

"Apa yang dikemukakan Montesquie dan John Locke maka terdapat perbedaan dalam melaksanakan "pemisahan kekuasaan" dalam sebuah negara. Jika teori Montesquie yang dijadikan pedoman, maka kekuasaan eksekutif, legislative, dan yudisial memiliki kedudukan yang setara, akan tetapi jika teori pemisahan kekuasaan yang dikemukakan oleh John Locke yang digunakan, maka diantara 3 (tiga) kekuasaan, maka kekuasaan legislatif merupakan kekuasaan tertinggi dalam sebuah negara (supremasi parlemen). Setelah perubahan UUD 1945, sesuai dengan disepakati oleh PAH 1 MPR, maka sistem pemerintahan presidensil dengan mengatur antara lain mengenai pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil secara langsung dan pemakzulan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden dengan pelanggaran hukum. Diantara berbagai hal yang mengalami perubahan mengenai kedudukan dan kewenangan MPR dalam sistem ketatanegaraan di 'lonesl,a. Walaupun kedudukan MPR setelah perubahan UUD 1945 menjadi setara lembaga negara lainnya, akan tetapi dalam hal pemberhentian Presiden dan Presiden, MPR tetap sebagai lembaga pemutus apakah Presiden dan Wakil 'esilten memenuhi syarat untuk dimakzulkan (souvereignty of parliament).

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If the theory Montesquie used as a guide, then the power of the executive, legislative, andjudicial have an equalfooting, but t{the theory of separation of powers setforth by John Locke used, then between 3 (three) Ci{ power, the legislative power is the supreme power in a state (the supremacy Ci{parliament). After the 1945 changes, in accordance with what was agreed by PAH I MPR, the presidential system Ci{ government is emphasized by setting among others concerning the election Ci{ President and Vice President directly and the impeachment Ci{ President and Vice President by reason Ci{ violation Ci{ the law. Among the many things that are changing the position and authority Ci{ the Assembly in the state system in Indonesia. Although the position Ci{the Assembly after the 1945 changes to be on par with other state agencies, but in the case Ci{ termination Ci{ the President and Vice President, the Assembly remains as a body breaker if the President and Vice President are eligible for impeached (souvereignty of parliament)."