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"This book addresses all areas of trauma and emergency surgery with a list of key points at the end of each chapter."

"Latar Belakang: Trauma maksilofasial adalah cedera yang mencakup kerusakan pada jaringan lunak dan tulang di area wajah, mulai dari luka ringan seperti laserasi hingga patah tulang yang kompleks. Penyebab trauma ini sangat bervariasi karena dipengaruhi oleh faktor sosial ekonomi, budaya, kelompok usia, dan lokasi geografis. Insidennya meningkat akibat berbagai faktor, termasuk kecelakaan lalu lintas, tindakan kekerasan, cedera olahraga, jatuh, dan kecelakaan rumah tangga. Hingga saat ini, data terkait frekuensi dan distribusi trauma maksilofasial di Indonesia masih terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui frekuensi dan distribusi pasien dengan trauma maksilofasial berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, etiologi, lokasi trauma, tatalaksana trauma, dan lama rawat inap di RSUP Persahabatan periode 2019 hingga Juli 2024. Metode: Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan studi retrospektif menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari poli Bedah Mulut, poli Bedah Plastik, poli Bedah Saraf, dan Poli Anak RSUP Persahabatan. Hasil: Penelitian ini mencatat 102 kasus trauma maksilofasial di RSUP Persahabatan, dengan 71 (69.61%) kasus diantaranya memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian ini, melibatkan total 126 macam lokasi trauma maksilofasial selama periode Januari 2019 hingga Juli 2024. Kesimpulan: Kelompok usia 10-20 tahun ditemukan terbanyak dengan persentase sebesar 39.4%. Pasien trauma maksilofasial berjenis kelamin terbanyak adalah laki-laki dengan persentase 76.1%. Keluhan utama pasien trauma maksilofasial adalah nyeri bagian mulut dan kepala dengan persentase 70.4%. Etiologi trauma maksilofasial terbanyak adalah karena kecelakaan lalu lintas sebanyak 76.1%. Lokasi trauma maksilofasial terbanyak adalah pada tulang zygoma dengan persentase 11.9%. Regio trauma maksilofasial terbanyak adalah ⅓ wajah bagian bawah dengan persentase 52.1%. Tipe trauma maksilofasial terbanyak adalah trauma maksilofasial multipel dengan persentase 53.5%. Tatalaksana trauma oral maksilofasial yang paling sering dilakukan adalah ORIF (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation) dengan persentase 83.1%. Lama rawat inap pasien trauma yang paling sering terjadi adalah 3 hari dan 6 hari dengan persentase 12.7%. Keluhan utama pasien trauma oral maksilofasial yang paling sering adalah nyeri pada bagian mulut dan kepala dengan persentase 70.4%. Pasien trauma maksilofasial yang melakukan kunjungan control sebesar 90.1% dengan frekuensi kontrol yang paling sering adalah <3 kunjungan dengan persentase 38%.

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Background: Maxillofacial trauma is an injury that includes damage to soft tissue and bones in the facial area, ranging from minor injuries such as lacerations to complex fractures. The causes of this trauma vary greatly because they are influenced by socio-economic factors, culture, age group and geographic location. The incidence is increasing due to a variety of factors, including traffic accidents, acts of violence, sports injuries, falls, and domestic accidents. Until now, data regarding the frequency and distribution of maxillofacial trauma in Indonesia is still limited. Objective: To determine the frequency and distribution of patients with maxillofacial trauma based on age, gender, etiology, location of trauma, trauma management, and length of stay at RSUP Persahabatan for the period 2019 to July 2024. Method: This research method is descriptive with a retrospective study using secondary data obtained from the Oral Surgery Polyclinic, Plastic Surgery Polyclinic, Neuro Surgery Polyclinic, and Pediatric Polyclinic at RSUP Persahabatan. Results: This study recorded 102 cases of maxillofacial trauma at RSUP Persahabatan, with 71 (69.61%) cases meeting the inclusion criteria for this study, involving a total of 126 types of maxillofacial trauma locations during the period January 2019 to July 2024. Conclusion: Age group 10-20 years found the most with a percentage of 39.4%. The majority of maxillofacial trauma patients are male with a percentage of 76.1%. The main complaint of maxillofacial trauma patients is mouth and head pain with a percentage of 70.4%. The etiology of maxillofacial trauma was mostly traffic accidents at 76.1%. The most common location of maxillofacial trauma is the zygoma bone with a percentage of 11.9%. The most common region of maxillofacial trauma is the lower ⅓ of the face with a percentage of 52.1%. The most common type of maxillofacial trauma is multiple maxillofacial trauma with a percentage of 53.5%. The most frequently performed treatment for oral maxillofacial trauma is ORIF (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation) with a percentage of 83.1%. The most common length of stay for trauma patients is 3 days and 6 days with a percentage of 12.7%. The most frequent main complaint of oral maxillofacial trauma patients is pain in the mouth and head with a percentage of 70.4%. Maxillofacial trauma patients who had control visits were 90.1% with the most frequent control frequency being <3 visits with a percentage of 38%."

"La gestione corretta e tempestiva del trauma maggiore, registrato tra le prime cause di morte e invalidità, soprattutto nella popolazione giovanile, rappresenta oggi l’espressione più avanzata della cultura dell’emergenza. Questo manuale nasce dall’esigenza di fornire tutti gli elementi tecnici, semeiologici, interpretativi per affrontare con sicurezza lo studio TC del paziente con trauma grave. Il formato tascabile e il taglio pratico rendono il volume uno strumento utile nell'attività quotidiana sia degli specializzandi in radiologia sia dei radiologi che intendano affrontare il politraumatizzato alla luce delle attuali conoscenze."

"ABSTRAKCedera kepala traumatik merupakan penyebab kematian tersering pada kecelakaan. Trauma tumpul pada kepala dapat menimbulkan contusio cerebri berupa lesi coup dan contrecoup. Namun, mekanisme dari terjadinya lesi coup dan contrecoup belum diketahui dengan jelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara letak trauma tumpul pada kepala dengan terjadinya lesi coup dan contrecoup.Metode: Sampel penelitian diambil dari rekam medis jenazah dengan trauma tumpul pada kepala yang diotopsi di Departemen Forensik dan Medikolegal RSCM pada tahun 2012-2016. Peneliti kemudian mencari tahu mengenai letak trauma tumpul dan temuan contusio cerebri pada rekam medis jenazah.Hasil: Dari 97 sampel dengan trauma tumpul pada kepala, didapatkan proporsi lesi coup sebesar 5,2 , 11,3 , dan 2,1 , dan proporsi lesi contrecoup sebesar 1,0 , 15,5 , dan 2,1 pada trauma tumpul yang terjadi di depan, samping, dan belakang kepala secara berturut-turut. Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna antara trauma tumpul pada sisi depan p=0,005 dan samping p=0,002 kepala dengan lesi contrecoup.Pembahasan: Terjadinya lesi coup tidak selalu diikuti oleh terjadinya lesi contrecoup, dan berlaku juga sebaliknya. Hubungan bermakna antara trauma tumpul pada sisi samping kepala dengan lesi contrecoup secara teori dapat dikaitkan dengan teori sistem suspensori otak.Kesimpulan: Dari penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara trauma tumpul pada sisi depan dan samping kepala dengan lesi contrecoup.

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ABSTRACTTraumatic brain injury remains the most common cause of mortality in accidents. Blunt trauma in the head may cause cerebral contusion, which includes coup and contrecoup contusion. However, the mechanism of coup and contrecoup contusion formation remains unknown. This research aims to know the relationship between the position of head blunt trauma with coup and contrecoup contusion.Methods Research samples were taken from corpse medical records with head blunt trauma who had undergone autopsy in Forensics and Medicolegal Department of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from 2012 2016. The position of head blunt trauma and findings of cerebral contusions were recorded.Results Out of 97 samples with head blunt trauma, the proportions for coup contusion were 5,2 , 11,3 , and 2,1 , while the proportions for contrecoup contusion were 1,0 , 15,5 , and 2,1 in blunt trauma happening at the front, side, and back part of the head respectively. Chi square tests showed significant relationships between blunt trauma of front p 0,005 and side p 0,002 part of the head with contrecoup contusion.Discussion Coup contusion is not always followed by contrecoup contusion, and vice versa. The significant relationship between blunt trauma of the side part of the head and contrecoup contusion can be explained by the theory of brain suspensory system.Conclusion This research concludes that blunt trauma of the front and side part of the head is related to contrecoup contusion."