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"This book is the first monograph on UVP that offers comprehensive information about the method, its principles, its practice, and applied examples, and which serves both current and new users. Current users can confirm that their application configurations are correct, which will help them to improve the configurations so as to make them more efficient and effective. New users will become familiar with the method, to design applications on a physically correct basis for performing measurements accurately. Additionally, the appendix provides necessary practical information, such as acoustic properties."

"Latar Belakang: Lidokain, selain sebagai anestesia lokal klasik, juga berkembang penggunaannya secara sistemik untuk ajuvan anestesia. Salah satu manfaatnya ialah dalam neuroanestesi untuk relaksasi otak namun mekanisme kerjanya masih belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh lidokain sistemik terhadap cerebral blood flow (CBF) yang dinilai dengan mean flow velocity (MFV) arteri serebral media (MCA) bilateral menggunakan alat Transcranial Doppler (TCD).Metode: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain uji klinis acak tersamar ganda di Instalasi Bedah Pusat RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, berlangsung pada bulan September-Desember 2023. Pada hari operasi, penilaian MFV MCA kanan dan kiri dilakukan menggunakan TCD pada tiga tahap waktu yang berbeda: sebelum anestesi, setelah anestesi, dan 1 jam setelah infus NaCl 0,9% pada kelompok kontrol atau infus lidokain pada kelompok uji. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 26.Hasil: Dalam penelitian ini, 34 subjek memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol (infus NaCl 0,9%) dan kelompok lidokain (bolus lidokain 1,5 mg/kg dan infus lidokain 1,5 mg/kg/jam). Demografi subjek menunjukkan proporsi laki-laki dan perempuan yang seimbang di kedua kelompok, serta tidak ada perbedaan signifikan dalam rerata usia. Hasil pengukuran MFV MCA kanan dan kiri sebelum dan setelah pembiusan umum tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan. Setelah satu jam pemberian infus lidokain, terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p <0,001) antara rerata kelompok kontrol 69,63 (22,7-85,1) cm/detik dan rerata kelompok lidokain 44,07 (21,3-61,1) cm/detik pada MCA kanan. Hal serupa terjadi pada MFV MCA kiri, di mana perbedaan signifikan (p=0,001) antara rerata kelompok kontrol 60,3 (18,4-85,1) cm/detik dan rerata kelompok lidokain 48,27 (18,3-66,3) cm/detik.Simpulan: Nilai MFV MCA lebih rendah pada pasien yang menerima infus lidokain intraoperatif dibandingkan dengan plasebo dan berbeda signifikan secara statistik pada MCA kanan (p <0,001) dan MCA kiri (p=0,001).

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Introduction: Lidocaine, besides being a classical local anesthetic, has also evolved for systemic use in adjunct anesthesia. One of its benefits lies in neuroanesthesia for brain relaxation, although its mechanism of action is not fully understood. This study aims to evaluate the systemic effects of lidocaine on cerebral blood flow (CBF) assessed through the mean flow velocity (MFV) of bilateral middle cerebral arteries (MCA) using Transcranial Doppler (TCD).

Methods: This research is a double-blind randomized clinical trial design at the Central Surgery Installation of RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Jakarta, conducted from September to December 2023. On the day of surgery, assessments of MFV in the right and left MCAs were performed using TCD at three different time points: before anesthesia, after anesthesia, and 1 hour after the infusion of 0.9% NaCl in the control group or lidocaine infusion in the experimental group. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26.

Results: In this study, 34 subjects met inclusion criteria and were divided into a control group (0.9% NaCl infusion) and a lidocaine group (1.5 mg/kg bolus followed by 1.5 mg/kg/h infusion). Subject demographics showed a balanced gender distribution with no significant age differences between the two groups. Measurements of MFV in the right and left MCAs before and after general anesthesia did not exhibit significant differences. However, one hour after lidocaine infusion, there were significant differences (p <0.001) between the mean control group values of 69.63 (22.7 - 85.1) cm/s and the lidocaine group values of 44.07 (21.3-61.1) cm/s in the right MCA. Similar findings occurred in the left MCA, with significant differences (p=0.001) between the mean control group values of 60.3 (18.4 - 85.1) cm/s and the lidocaine group values of 48.27 (18.3-66.3) cm/s. Conclusion: The MFV values in the MCA were significantly lower in patients receiving intraoperative lidocaine infusion compared to placebo, both in the right MCA (p <0.001) and the left MCA (p=0.001)."

"Latar belakang: Pasien dengan tumor muskuloskeletal (MSK) ganas menunjukkan insidens deep vein thrombosis (DVT) bervariasi. USG Doppler berwarna merupakan modalitas terpilih untuk evaluasi DVT. Tujuan: Menilai hubungan trombus, kecepatan aliran, dan ketebalan dinding vena pada USG Doppler berwarna vena profunda ekstremitas bawah pada pasien dengan tumor primer MSK ganas. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dari pemeriksaan USG Doppler berwarna vena profunda ekstremitas bawah, yaitu trombus, ketebalan dinding vena, dan kecepatan aliran vena, serta data sekunder, yaitu ukuran tumor dari magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) atau computed tomography >(CT) scan dan durasi gejala tumor dari rekam medis. Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Radiologi dan Poliklinik Orthopaedi dan Traumatologi Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSUPNCM) bulan Agustus 2020 hingga Maret 2022. Hasil: Terdapat 10% insidens trombus pada sistem vena profunda ekstremitas bawah pada 30 subyek dengan tumor primer MSK ganas. Subyek dengan trombus cenderung memiliki volume tumor lebih besar dibandingkan tanpa trombus, namun secara statistik tidak bermakna. Kesimpulan: Dimensi dan volume tumor pada subyek dengan trombus cenderung lebih besar dibandingkan tanpa trombus. Pada penderita tumor MSK ganas, dapat ditemukan gambaran klinis dan laboratoris yang menyerupai DVT namun belum tentu didapatkan trombus, sehingga USG Doppler berwarna penting untuk membedakan ada tidaknya DVT.

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Background: Patients with malignant musculoskeletal (MSK) tumors show variable incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Color Doppler ultrasound (CDUS) is the modality of choice for DVT evaluation.

Objective: To assess the relationship of thrombus, flow velocity, and venous wall thickness on CDUS of lower extremities deep veins in patients with primary malignant MSK tumors.

Methods: Primary data from CDUS of lower extremities deep vein, including thrombus, venous wall thickness, and venous flow velocity. Tumor size was taken from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans. Duration of tumor symptoms was taken from medical records. The study was conducted at the Department of Radiology and the Orthopaedi and Traumatology Polyclinic of the Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSUPNCM) from August 2020 to March 2022.

Results: There was 10% incidence of thrombus in 30 subjects. Subjects with thrombus tended to have larger tumor volume but it was not statistically significant.

Conclusion: Tumor dimensions and volume in subjects with thrombus tend to be larger than those without thrombus. In patients with malignant MSK tumors, clinical and laboratory features that resemble DVT can be found, but not necessarily a thrombus, therefore CDUS is important for distinguishing the presence or absence of DVT."

"Abstract:This book teaches the fundamentals of fluid flow by including both theory and the applications of fluid flow in chemical engineering. It puts fluid flow in the context of other transport phenomena such as mass transfer and heat transfer, while covering the basics, from elementary flow mechanics to the law of conservation."

"Heat exchangers with minichannel and microchannel flow passages are becoming increasingly popular due to their ability to remove large heat fluxes under single-phase and two-phase applications.Heat transfer and fluid flow in minichannels and microchannels methodically covers gas, liquid, and electrokinetic flows, as well as flow boiling and condensation, in minichannel and microchannel applications. Examining biomedical applications as well, the book is an ideal reference for anyone involved in the design processes of microchannel flow passages in a heat exchanger."