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"This book approaches the energy science sub-field carbon capture with an interdisciplinary discussion based upon fundamental chemical concepts ranging from thermodynamics, combustion, kinetics, mass transfer, material properties, and the relationship between the chemistry and process of carbon capture technologies. Energy science itself is a broad field that spans many disciplines, policy, mathematics, physical chemistry, chemical engineering, geology, materials science and mineralogy, and the author has selected the material, as well as end-of-chapter problems and policy discussions, that provide the necessary tools to interested students."

"In this volume, summarize polyethylene glycol (PEG)-promoted CO2 chemistry on the basis of understanding about phase behavior of PEG/CO2 system and reaction mechanism at molecular level. Furthermore, they describe carbon capture and utilization strategy as an alternative approach to address the energy penalty problem in carbon capture and storage. The authors also discuss PEG radical chemistry in dense CO2 as rather creative and unusual use of PEG, presumably serves as a reaction medium and a radical initiator for radical chemistry."

"This review provides an insight for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technologyimplementation possibilities in the niche of coal power generation plants. A brief explanation ofthe technology is necessary for understanding the technological and economic constraintsaffecting successful implementation. Barriers and opportunities for the technology areaddressed, and the advantages for achieving climate change mitigation goals are discussed.Possible solutions to protect the technology and its implementation support are provided aswell. This study maintains that international collaboration, government incentives, a positiveinvestment climate, public awareness, and learning by doing experiments are needed to ensurethat CCS technology operates successfully within coal power plants. Based on the conductedreview, we conclude that renewable energytechnologies must be developed rapidly andimplemented as soon as possible; and until that time, CCS technology can provide a temporarysolution by contributing to climate change mitigation plans. "

"This review provides an insight for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology implementation possibilities in the niche of coal power generation plants. A brief explanation of the technology is necessary for understanding the technological and economic constraints affecting successful implementation. Barriers and opportunities for the technology are addressed, and the advantages for achieving climate change mitigation goals are discussed. Possible solutions to protect the technology and its implementation support are provided as well. This study maintains that international collaboration, government incentives, a positive investment climate, public awareness, and learning by doing experiments are needed to ensure that CCS technology operates successfully within coal power plants. Based on the conducted review, we conclude that renewable energy technologies must be developed rapidly and implemented as soon as possible; and until that time, CCS technology can provide a temporary solution by contributing to climate change mitigation plans."

"The abundance of graphite waste can be processed into valuable materials; one alternative is by making it into an adsorbent. Graphite-based adsorbent modification can be accomplished by adding magnetite nanoparticles Fe3O4. The addition of magnetite nanoparticles has been reported to improve the adsorption ability of the graphite waste. In this study, we have developed a new carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorbent based on graphite waste modified with magnetite nanoparticle Fe3O4. The Fe3O4 were prepared using an impregnation technique. The graphite/Fe3O4 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy with an energy-dispersive X-ray system (SEM-EDX) and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET). The CO2 adsorption performance was evaluated using an isothermal adsorption method at various temperatures (30, 35, and 45oC) and pressures (3, 5, 8, 15, and 20 bar). This resulted in graphite with different magnetite modification levels, namely non-modified graphite (GNM), a graphite/Fe3O4 20% (w/w) composite (G/Fe3O4 20%), and a graphite/Fe3O4 35% (w/w) (G/Fe3O4 35%), which indicated that the largest adsorption capacity is 10.305 mmol.g-1 at 30oC and 20 bar pressure for the G/Fe3O4 20% composite. This finding further revealed that modifying graphite waste with magnetite nanoparticles Fe3O4 has been proved to increase the capacity for adsorbing CO2 gas."

"Mitigasi emisi CO2 dari lingkungan menjadi salah satu cara untuk mengurangi emisi CO2 secara signifikan, teknologi direct air capture menjadi salah satu pilihan dalam mengurangi emisi CO2. Pada penelitian ini model direct air capture CO2 disimulasikan dengan software Aspen HYSYS dengan properti udara 79% N2, 21%O2. Didalam simulasi proses direct air capture terdiri dari fan yang terdiri dari compressor yang dimana diperuntukan untuk menyedot CO2 dari lingkungan, kontak antar solven-udara pada kolom absorpsi lalu diumpankan kedalam kolom stripper. Output dari penelitian ini diperoleh kemurnian CO2 97%, recovery CO2 12% dan energi yang dihasilkan dihasilkan 51.328 GJ/tonne CO2.

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Mitigating CO2 emissions from the environment is a significant way to reduce overall CO2 emissions. Direct air capture technology is one option for reducing CO2 emissions. In this study, a direct air capture CO2 model was simulated using Aspen HYSYS software with air properties of 79% N2 and 21% O2. In the simulation, the direct air capture process consists of a fan with a compressor designed to extract CO2 from the environment, solvent-air contact in the absorption column, and feeding into the stripper column. The output of this study showed CO2 purity of 97% from the direct air capture process, CO2 recovery of 12% from the product feed inlet ratio, and energy generated was 51.328 GJ/tonne CO2."

"ABSTRAKEmisi gas rumah kaca (GRK) merupakan isu lingkungan yang belum bisa diselesaikan dan terus mengalami peningkatan dari tahun ke tahun. Fenomena tersebut juga terjadi di Indonesia, sebagai negara berkembang yang berfokus pada pembangunan berkelanjutan. Setiap tahunnya, penyumbang terbesar untuk emisi GRK adalah emisi gas karbon dioksida. Pada tahun 2020, emisi gas karbon dioksida di Indonesia diprediksi mencapai angka 960 juta ton apabila tidak ada tindakan pencegahan (mitigasi). Salah satu mitigasi yang dapat dilakukan adalah penggunaan teknologi carbon capture and storage seperti di negara maju. Namun, penelitian dan informasi akan penerapan teknologi CCS di Indonesia masih minim. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis berusaha mengembangkan metode technology assessment (penilaian teknologi) dengan hasil keluaran berupa kriteria apa saja yang diperlukan apabila teknologi CCS diterapkan. Subkriteria tingkat penangkapan emisi gas karbon dioksida dan biaya investasi alat carbon capture memiliki bobot tertinggi untuk kriteria lingkungan dan ekonomi. Hasil keluaran yang diperoleh dan metode yang disusun diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan kerangka kerja bagi penerapan teknologi CCS, khususnya di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTGreen house gases (GHG) emission is one of the environmental issues that hasn?t been resolved and continued to increase annually. Carbon dioxide gas is known as the largest contributor for GHG emissions. This environmental issue also happens in Indonesia as a developing country which has focused on sustainable development. In 2020, the total emission of carbon dioxide gas in Indonesia is predicted around 960 million ton if there is no mitigation action. In developed countries, they have a bold step to mitigate their emission of CO2 gas by using Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology. This technology is effective to reduce the CO2 emission in large-scale. The study and informations about CCS, as a new technology to reduce emission, haven?t well developed in Indonesia. Based on the situation, the author tries to do a research of CCS technology implementation in Indonesia using technology assessment method. The output of this research are giving understanding how CCS could be used by seeing what the criterias needed are, particularly in Indonesia. The rate of carbon capture of CO2 emission and the cost of investment for carbon capture technology are the main subcriterias for each criteria of environment and economic if the carbon capture technology implemented in Indonesia."

"Dalam upaya untuk menurunkan emisi CO2 dan mencapai net zero emission pada tahun 2070, Pemerintah Indonesia telah menyerukan berbagai langkah upaya penurunan emisi. Implementasi carbon capture storage di industri merupakan salah satu langkah yang dapat ditempuh. Dengan penggunaan energi fosil yang masih sangat tinggi, salah satunya pada Provinsi Jawa Barat, maka integrasi carbon capture storage dengan industri sektor energi fosil di Jawa Barat dapat menjadi langkah awal yang baik untuk peningkatan implementasi carbon capture storage di Indonesia. Meskipun memberikan keuntungan, proses implementasi carbon capture storage juga memiliki berbagai hambatan seperti hambatan sosial, hambatan kebijakan, dan hambatan infrastruktur. Untuk menghilangkan hambatan-hambatan tersebut, peran pemerintah dalam membuat intervensi kebijakan sangatlah penting. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui kebijakan-kebijakan apa saja yang dapat diterapkan untuk meningkatkan implementasi carbon capture storage. Dari hasil simulasi alternatif kebijakan yang diterapkan pada tiga skenario, direkomendasikan tiga alternatif kebijakan yang memperlihatkan hasil yang cukup signifikan, yaitu constrain collaboration, rewarded CO2 avoided, dan energy collaboration.

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To reduce CO2 emissions and achieve net-zero emissions by 2070, the Government of Indonesia has called for various measures to reduce emissions. Implementation of carbon capture storage in the industry is one of the steps that can be taken. With the use of fossil energy still very high, one of which is in West Java Province, the integration of carbon capture storage with the fossil energy sector industry in West Java can be an excellent first step for increasing the implementation of carbon capture storage in Indonesia. However, although it provides advantages, the implementation process of carbon capture storage also has various obstacles such as social barriers, policy barriers, and infrastructure barriers. To remove these obstacles, the government's role in making policy interventions is crucial. This study aims to find out what policies can be applied to improve the implementation of carbon capture storage. From the simulation results of alternative policies applied to the three scenarios, it is recommended that three alternative policies show significant results, namely constraint collaboration, rewarded CO2 avoided, and energy collaboration."

"ABSTRACTPenanganan gas karbon dioksida CO2 buangan pembangkit listrik tenaga batubara dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknologi Carbon Capture and Sequestration CCS melalui penangkapan CO2. CO2 yang telah ditangkap dari pembangkit dapat dikonversi menjadi produk kimia. Penelitian bertujuan mendapatkan kinerja teknis dan kelayakan ekonomi dari proses terintegrasi Carbon Capture dengan sintesis olefin menggunakan CO2 hasil penangkapan dan hidrogen terbarukan. Dilakukan simulasi terhadap 2 skema proses terintegrasi, yaitu produksi olefin dari CO2 hasil CCS dengan menggunakan hidrogen terbarukan dari elektrolisis air dan gasifikasi biomassa. Simulasi dilakukan dengan UniSim Design dan Aspen. Dari hasil simulasi tersebut dianalisis kinerja teknisnya dan secara ekonomi menggunakan metode levelized cost. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa proses terintegrasi CCS dengan produksi olefin menggunakan hidrogen terbarukan dari elektrolisis air memiliki intensitas energi termal dan CO2 abatement yang paling baik 123.21 GJ/ton olefin dan 79.3 sedangkan proses terinetgrasi CCS dengan produksi olefin menggunakan hidrogen terbarukan dari gasifikasi biomassa memiliki intensitas energi listrik dan biaya produksi yang paling baik 32.29 MWh/ton olefin dan 3,064.43 /ton olefin.

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ABSTRACTHandling of exhaust gases from coal based power plant can be done using Carbon Capture and Sequestration CCS technology by installing additional equipment for the capture of CO2. CO2 that has been captured from the plant can be converted into a product. The goal of this research is to obtain the technical performance and economical feasibility of an integrated process of CCS with olefin synthesis using renewable hydrogen. In this research, simulations are done to 2 integrated process scheme, which is olefin production using captured CO2 through renewable hydrogen from water electrolysis and biomass gasification using UniSim Design and Aspen Plus simulators. These schemes rsquo technical performance will be analyzed which is its energy intensity, CO2 abatement, and whole energy usage. These schemes will also be analyzed economically using levelized cost analysis method. It is found that olefin production using captured CO2 through renewable hydrogen from water electrolysis has the best thermal energy intensity and CO2 abatement 123.21 GJ ton olefin 79.3 whereas olefin production using captured CO2 through renewable hydrogen from biomass gasification has the best electrical energy intensity and has the lowest levelized cost value 32.29 MWh ton olefin 3,064.43 ton olefin."

"Metal Organic Framework (MOF) meupakan suatu material yang merupakan gabungan antara material organik dan anorganik yang berpusat pada ion logam positif dan dikelilingi oleh molekul-molekul ligand organik. Pada penelitian ini, penulis melakukan suatu sintesis MOF menggunakan ion logam zinc (Zn) dengan ligan organik glutamic acid (Zinc Glutamate MOF) dan menginvestigasi kinerjanya dalam mengadsorpsi karbondioksida. kemudian penulis juga akan meneliti mengenai dampak lingkungan yang mungkin ditimbulkan pada proses produksi Zinc Glutamate MOF menggunakan metode LCA melalui skema pendekatan cradle to gate. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) merupakan salah satu metode untuk melakukan penilaian atau evaluasi potensi dampak lingkungan dari produk atau jasa pada semua tahap dalam siklus hidup suatu produk. Dalam hal ini, dapat diobservasi beberapa potensi dampak yang ditimbulkan dari setiap proses produksi MOF berdasarkan data input yang diperoleh selama proses produksi MOF, dimulai dari proses pembuatan material precursor hingga pada aplikasi carbon capture.

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Metal Organic Framework (MOF) is a material which is a combination of organic and inorganic materials centered on positive metal ions and surrounded by organic ligand molecules. In this study, the authors carried out a MOF synthesis using zinc metal ion (Zn) with glutamic acid organic ligand (Zinc Glutamate MOF) and investigated its performance in adsorption of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, the author will also examine the environmental impacts that possibly caused from production process of Zinc Glutamate MOF using the LCA method through a cradle to gate approach scheme. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a method for assessing or evaluating the potential environmental impact of a product or service at all stages in the life cycle of a product. In this case, several potential impacts can be observed from each MOF production process based on the input data obtained during the MOF production process, starting from the precursor material manufacturing process to the carbon capture application."