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Meirdina Detara
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pasta gigi nano kalsium karbonat dan siwak terhadap kekasaran permukaan email yang mengalami demineralisasi. Spesimen gigi manusia yang telah didemineralisasi dengan asam sitrat disikat setara 6 minggu dengan pasta gigi nano kalsium karbonat dan siwak.
Kekasaran permukaan email diukur dengan Surface Roughness Tester, dan diamati melalui SEM, serta analisis unsur dengan EDS sebagai penunjang. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat penurunan kekasaran permukaan email yang terdemineralisasi setelah penyikatan setara 6 minggu dengan pasta gigi nano kalsium karbonat dan siwak (p<0,05). Penyikatan pasta gigi nano kalsium karbonat dan siwak dapat menurunkan kekasaran permukaan email gigi yang terdemineralisasi.

ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nano calcium carbonate and siwak toothpaste to demineralized enamel surface roughness. Human tooth specimen which has been immersed in citric acid were brushed with nano calcium carbonate and siwak toothpaste for 6 weeks. Enamel surface roughness was tested with Surface Roughness Tester with supporting test SEM and EDS was taken.
The application of nano calcium carbonate and siwak toothpaste for 6 weeks can decrease surface roughness of demineralized enamel (p<0,05). Brushing with nano calcium carbonate and siwak toothpaste can decrease surface roughness of demineralized enamel."
Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Febi Dianti
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penyikatan
dengan pasta gigi nano kalsium karbonat dan pasta gigi mengandung Siwak terhadap
kekerasan email gigi manusia yang sebelumnya didemineralisasi dengan larutan
asam sitrat 0,3%. Penyikatan dilakukan selama empat belas menit dan dua puluh
delapan menit yang setara dengan dua minggu dan empat minggu. Pengujian
kekerasan permukaan email dilakukan dengan menggunakan Knoop Hardness Tester
dan hasil pengujian dianalisis dengan ujiWilcoxon,Kruskal Wallis dan uji Mann-
Whithney. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan peningkatan kekerasan permukaan email
dengan nilai kekerasan tertinggi pada penyikatan dengan menggunakan pasta gigi
nano kalsium karbonat dibanding dengan penyikatan menggunakan pasta gigi
mengandung Siwak (p<0,05).

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of brushing with toothpase
containing Miswak and toothpaste with nano calcium carbonate on surface hardness
of human enamel that have been demineralize using citric acid. Enamel brushed for
fourteen minutes and twenty eight minutes which equal to two weeks and four
weeks. Enamel surface hardness then measured using Knoop Hardness Tester and
the results analyzed with Wilcoxon, Kruskall Wallis and Mann-Whitney test. The
result of this experiment shows increasing enamel surface hardnessafter aplication
with toothpaste containing nano calcium carbonate is higher thanaplication with
toothpaste containing Miswak (p<0,05)."
Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Kamila Febrian
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh ekstrak teh hijau dalam pasta gigi terhadap kekerasan email yang mengalami demineralisasi. Spesimen gigi manusia yang telah didemineralisasi menggunakan asam sitrat diaplikasikan larutan pasta gigi yang mengandung ekstrak teh hijau konsentrasi 5-15%. Bagian email gigi diuji dengan alat uji kekerasan Knoop. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan kekerasan email setelah diaplikasikan pasta gigi mengandung ekstrak teh hijau konsentrasi 5%, 10% dan 15% (p<0,05). Namun peningkatan kekerasan ini tidak berbeda bermakna antara tiap konsentrasi ekstrak teh hijau. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak teh hijau konsentrasi 5% dalam pasta gigi sudah dapat meningkatkan kekerasan email yang mengalami demineralisasi.

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of green tea contained toothpaste to demineralized enamel hardness. Human tooth specimen which has been immersed in citric acid were applied by toothpaste containing green tea extract concentration 5-15% and enamel hardness were tested with Knoop Microhardness Tester. The application of toothpaste containing green tea extract 5%, 10% and 15% can increase the hardness of demineralized enamel (p<0,05). However, the increasing hardness number was not significantly different between green tea extract concentrations. Green tea extract contained toothpaste with concentration 5% can increase the hardness number of demineralized enamel. "
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2012
S45584
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dina Helmaya Anisja
"Latar Belakang: Penyikatan dengan pasta gigi mengandung bahan abrasi dapat mempengaruhi permukaan gigi dan restorasi.
Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh penyikatan pasta gigi nano calcium carbonate terhadap kekasaran permukaan nanoionomer.
Metode: Delapan belas spesimen nanoionomer disikat dengan akuabides, pasta gigi nano calcium carbonate dan calcium carbonate. Penyikatan dilakukan selama 30 menit dan diukur nilai kekasaran (Ra) menggunakan Surface Roughness Tester. Data hasil dianalisis dengan uji Repeated dan One Way ANOVA.
Hasil: Nilai kekasaran pemukaan nanoionomer meningkat secara bermakna (p<0.05) setelah penyikatan 20 menit dengan pasta gigi nano calcium carbonate.
Kesimpulan: Permukaan nanoionomer setelah penyikatan dengan pasta gigi calcium carbonate lebih kasar dibandingkan penyikatan dengan pasta gigi nano calcium carbonate.

Background: Brushing with tooth paste containing abrasive agent can influence both tooth surface and restorative material.
Aim: To identify the effect of brushing using nano calcium carbonate toothpaste to surface roughness of nanoionomer.
Methode: Each of eighteen nanoionomer speciments was brushed with aquabidest, nano calcium carbonate and calcium carbonate toothpaste. Brushing were done for 30 minutes and the roughness value (Ra) was measured using Surface Roughness Tester. The data was analyzed using Repeated and One Way ANOVA.
Results: The value of nanoionomer surface roughness increased significanlty (p<0.05) after 20 minutes brushing using nano calcium carbonate tooth paste.
Conclusion: Nanoionomer surface after brushing using calcium carbonate is more rugged than brushing using nano calcium carbonate toothpaste.
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Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Anindyajati Maharddhika
"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek penyikatan pada permukaan email terhadap nilai kekasarannya setelah pemaparan gel theobromine 200 mg/L dengan durasi berbeda (8 menit, 16 menit, 32 menit) dan dengan pemaparan gel NaF 2% (16 menit), menggunakan Mitutoyo SJ 301, Jepang. Digunakan 24 spesimen gigi manusia premolar atas yang dibagi dalam empat kelompok. Analisa statistik dengan Kruskal Wallis dan Friedman menunjukkan penurunan nilai kekasaran pada semua spesimen setelah pemaparan gel theobromine dan peningkatan nilai kekasaran kembali setelah penyikatan. Nilai kekasaran kelompok gel theobromine (32 menit) setelah penyikatan masih lebih rendah daripada kekasaran awalnya.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of brushing on enamel surface roughness after different exposure times from 200 mg/L theobromine gel (8 minutes, 16 minutes, 32 minutes) and of 2% NaF gel (16 minutes), using Mitutoyo SJ 301, Japan. Twenty four specimens of human upper premolar teeth were used and divided into four groups. Kruskal Wallis dan Friedman tests showed a decrease in roughness values after theobromine gel exposure in all specimens and an increase in roughness values after brushing. Surface roughness values of theobromine gel exposure (32 minutes) after brushing were lower than initial roughness."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S45409
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Alviani Martha Ramadhani
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyikatan menggunakan pasta
gigi nano calcium carbonate terhadap kekasaran permukaan resin komposit nanofil.
Penyikatan menggunakan 3 jenis bahan penyikat dengan lama penyikatan 10, 20, dan
30 menit. Kekasaran permukaan diuji menggunakan surface roughness tester dan
hasil dianalisis dengan uji repeated ANOVA dan one way ANOVA. Morfologi
permukaan setelah disikat selama 30 menit diamati menggunakan SEM. Nilai
kekasaran permukaan resin komposit nanofil meningkat secara bermakna (p < 0.005)
setelah dilakukan penyikatan dengan pasta gigi nano calcium carbonate tetapi
peningkatan nilai tidak setinggi penyikatan dengan pasta gigi lainnya.

ABSTRACT
This study aimed to determine the effect of brushing using toothpaste containing
nano calcium carbonate on the surface roughness of composite resin nanofill.
Brushing use 3 types of materials with brushing period within 10, 20, and 30
minutes. Surface roughness measured using surface roughness tester and the results
were analyzed by repeated ANOVA and one way ANOVA test. Surface morphology
after brushing for 30 minutes was observed using SEM. Nanofill Composite resin
surface roughness value increased significantly after brushing with toothpaste
containing nano calcium carbonate but the increase was not as high as the value of
brushing with other toothpastes."
Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Michelle Suryana
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan pengaruh pasta
gigi yang mengandung theobromine dan hydroxyapatite terhadap kekerasan mikro
email gigi setelah direndam dalam minuman berkarbonasi. Penelitian ini
menggunakan 21 spesimen mahkota gigi premolar satu rahang atas. Spesimen
direndam dalam minuman berkarbonasi kemudian disikat dengan pasta gigi yang
mengandung theobromine dan hydroxyapatite. Uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-
Whitney menunjukkan perubahan kekerasan yang signifikan setelah penyikatan
selama 9 menit 20 detik menggunakan kedua pasta gigi pasca direndam dalam
minuman berkarbonasi selama 10 menit. Peningkatan nilai kekerasan mikro email
gigi pada kelompok hydroxyapatite lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok
theobromine (p<0,05).

ABSTRACT
This study is aimed to analyze the effect of theobromine and hydroxyapatite
toothpaste to enamel microhardess after immersion in carbonated drink. This
study uses 21 upper first premolar crown specimen which is immersed in
carbonated drink then brushed with theobromine and hydroxyapatite containing
toothpaste. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test shows significant difference of
microhardness after brushing for 9 minutes and 20 seconds using both toothpastes
after immersion in carbonated drink for 10 minutes with higher number in
hydroxyapatite group than theobromine group (p<0,05)."
Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fransiska Indah Salsalina
"Latar Belakang: Gingivitis merupakan penyakit periodontal dengan prevalensi paling tinggi di Indonesia. Penyebab utama terjadinya gingivitis adalah akumulasi plak dan tingkat kebersihan rongga mulut yang rendah. Manifestasi klinis gingivitis dapat berupa eritema, edema, perdarahan, dan ulserasi pada gingiva tanpa disertai adanya kehilangan perlekatan periodontal. Secara mikroskopis, ditemukan perubahan flora normal dan infeksi bakteri nonspesifik pada gingivitis. Kerusakan jaringan pada gingivitis bersifat reversibledengan adanya penghilangan plak dan peningkatan kebersihan rongga mulut. Mekanisme penghilangan plak dapat dilakukan secara mekanis dan kimiawi. Cara mekanis seperti scalingdan menyikat gigi merupakan metode utama penghilangan plak. Metode kimiawi seperti penggunaan obat kumur yang mengandung bahan aktif merupakan terapi tambahan yang efektif, terutama dalam membersihkan area di rongga mulut yang tidak terjangkau oleh pembersihan secara mekanis. Propolis merupakan salah satu bahan alami di bidang kesehatan yang memiliki sifat antiplak dan antibakteri. Obat kumur propolis dinilai memberikan efek terhadap plak dan gingivitis secara klinis serta jumlah koloni bakteri nonspesifik pada plak. Tujuan: Mengetahui efek obat kumur yang mengandung propolis terhadap plak dan gingivitis secara klinisserta jumlah koloni bakteri nonspesifik pada plak.
Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode eksperimental klinis. Sebanyak 20 orang sukarelawan gingivitis berusia 18-30 tahun berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Subjek dibagi menjadi kelompok uji dan kelompok kontrol dengan pembagian 10 orang kelompok uji berkumur dengan obat kumur propolis dan 10 orang kelompok kontrol berkumur dengan obat kumur tanpa bahan aktif. Pada awal penelitian, dilakukan scaling, penyuluhan, pengukuran awal PI dan PBI, serta pengambilan sampel plak untuk penghitungan jumlah koloni bakteri. Setelah berkumur selama 14 hari, dilakukan kembali pengukuran PI dan PBI serta pengambilan sampel plak untuk penghitungan jumlah koloni bakteri.
Hasil: Hasil penilaian statistik menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna rata-rata penurunan PBI antara kelompok uji dan kelompok kontrol. (sig< 0,05 , selisih RPBI= 0.3724). Rata-rata penurunan PI kelompok uji lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (selisih RPI= 0.3665), begitu juga dengan rata-rata penurunan jumlah koloni bakteri aerob dan anaerob (selisih RAerob = 90.6 , selisih RAnaerob= 40) walaupun tidak bermakna secara statistik (sig> 0,05).
Kesimpulan: Berkumur dengan obat kumur propolis efektif terhadap perdarahan papilla dibandingkan dengan berkumur dengan obat kumur tanpa aktif. Berkumur dengan obat kumur propolis dapat menurunkan rata-rata PI serta rata-rata jumlah koloni bakteri aerob dan anaerob pada plak, walaupun tidak bermakna secara statistik.
Kata kunci: Gingivitis, propolis, obat kumur, bakteri nonspesifik pada plak

Background: Gingivitis has the highest prevalence among the other periodontal diseases in Indonesia. The main causes of gingivitis are dental plaque accumulation and low oral hygiene level in patients. Clinically, gingivitis could appear as edema, bleeding, and ulceration without any loss of attachment. There are shifting of normal floras and certain periodontal pathogens found in gingivitis microscopically. Tissue damage in gingivitis is reversible with the presence of adequate plaque removal and an increase in patientsoral hygiene level. Dental plaque removal could be done mechanically and chemically. The mechanical methods like toothbrushing and scaling are the main method, whereas the use of chemical like mouthwash is an adjunctive therapy which shows efficacy. The use of mouthwash with active ingredients could cleanse area in the mouth that could not be reached through mechanical methods. Propolis is one of the natural ingredients commonly studied and used in dentistry because of the antibacterial and antiplaque effects it has. Propolis containing mouthwash could give effects on dental plaque and gingivitis clinically, along with the total count of nonspecific bacteria present in dental plaque.
Objectives: To assess the effect of propolis containing mouthwash on dental plaque and gingivitis clinically along with the total count of nonspecific bacteria present in dental plaque.Methods:This study is completed using clinical experimental method. There are 20 volunteers with age interval 18-30 years old who participated in this research. Twenty subjects are divided into two groups with the same numbers, which is 10 subjects each groups. The first group is the test group which use propolis containing mouthwash, whereas the other one is placebo group which use mouthwash without any active ingredients. Scaling, dental health education, measurement of plaque index and papillary bleeding index, and plaque sample collection for bacteria assessment were done in the beginning of this study. After using mouthwash for 14 days, there were second measurement of plaque index and papillary bleeding index along with plaque sample collection for bacteria assessment.
Results: Statistic showed there is significant difference (sig< 0.05, mean differences = 0.3724) of papillary bleeding index among the two groups. Mean score of plaque index in the test group showed greater reduction than the placebo group (mean differences = 0.3665) and nean score of total bacteria count in the test group showed higher reduction than the placebo group (mean differences of aerob bacteria = 90.6 , mean differences of anaerob bacteria = 40) though there werent any significant difference present statistically (sig>0.05).
Conclusion: The use of propolis containing mouthwash showed better effect on papillary bleeding index compared to the use of mouthwash without any active ingredients. The use of propolis containing mouthwash could reduce mean scores of plaque index and the numbers of aerob and anaerob bacteria present in dental plaque, though there werent any statistical significance shown.
Keywords: Gingivitis, propolis, mouthwash, nonspecific bacterial plaque"
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ratih Astiningsih
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jamu kunyit asam terhadap kekasaran permukaan semen ionomer kaca konvensional. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 20 spesimen yang direndam dalam jamu kunyit asam kemasan dan bukan kemasan (masing-masing n=10) selama 1, 3, 5, dan 7 hari. Hasil uji statistik Two-way ANOVA menunjukkan antara jamu kunyit asam kemasan dan bukan kemasan menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan tidak bermakna (p>0,05), namun terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada lama waktu perendaman dalam kedua kelompok (p<0,05). Semakin lama waktu perendaman dalam jamu kunyit asam berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan nilai kekasaran permukaan semen ionomer kaca konvensional.

The aim of this study was to know the effect of turmeric tamarind solution on surface roughness of conventional glass ionomer cement. This study used 20 specimens were immersed in a turmeric tamarind solution of packaging and not the packaging (each n=10) for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Results analyzed by Two-way ANOVA showed between turmeric tamarind solution of packaging and not the packaging had no significant difference (p>0,05), but a significant difference on immersion duration in two groups (p<0,05). The longer of immersion duration in a trumeric tamarind solution affect to increase surface roughness."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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"In Dental health community programmes there are several kind of efficiency application patron such as in dental health programme worthy to do, like comparing various alternatives procedures in a dental health programmes. Cost effectiveness analysis (CEA) is becoming increasingly popular as society moved toward rationalizing dental health cost to optimalized programmes. CEA compares the cost of procedure with its effectiveness, thus helping an administrator to judge wether the procedur is worth its cost. CEA also permit comparison of various interventions that result in a similar dental health outcome. A major benefit of CEA is that it forces decision maker to confront the trade-offs implicit in all decision regarding alternative approaches. Caries dentist and gingivitis are still a serious oral health problem to solve especially for primary school student. Curative effort is relative more expansive, so it was chosen alternative for preventing caries must be together with preventing gingivitis. The purpose of the research is getting the cost effective model of preventive caries and gingivitis for a primary school student at DKI Jakarta. The opportunity cost of alternative model preventive caries and gingvitis intervention such a modern dentistry approach (Fissure Scalant and Oral hygiene Instruction procedures by the dentist) to compare against model rutinne intervention approach (flouride mouthrinsing and ART procedures by the full time dentist or by the dentist together with teachers) along with the relative effectiveness of preventive treatment. In this quasi experimental research with multistage randomized designed we use responden of all primary school student in DKI Jakarta for two different treatment group. Fissure Sealant and Oral hygiene Instruction procedures by the Dentist were judge to be more cost effective than flouride mouthrinsing and ART procedures by the dentist together with teachers or by the full time dentist."
Journal of Dentistry Indonesia, 2003
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Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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