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"Latar Belakang: Prevalensi karies gigi di Indonesia 90% (2010). "Suku Anak Dalam" di pedalaman hutan Provinsi Jambi menganut paham animisme yang mempunyai pantangan menggunakan pasta gigi. Tujuan Penelitian: Mengidentifikasi pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan murid "Sokola Rimba" serta kaitannya dengan kepercayaan memelihara kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap risiko karies gigi. Metode: Deskriptif kualitatif etnografi dan kuantitatif cross-sectional dengan metode convenience sampling. Hasil Penelitian: Status karies gigi menurut indeks deft anak usia 5-10 tahun 5,18; indeks DMFT anak usia 5-10 tahun 4,59 dan remaja usia 12-18 tahun 16,53. Kesimpulan: Status karies gigi berkaitan dengan perilaku dan kepercayaan masyarakat "Suku Anak Dalam".

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Background: Prevalence of caries in Indonesia is 90% (2010). "Suku Anak Dalam" in the jungle of Jambi Province believed in animism which prohibits the use of toothpaste. Objective: To identify the knowledge, attitudes, and practice "Sokola Rimba" students with its relation to the belief of maintaining dental and oral health on the risk of dental caries. Methods: Descriptive qualitative ethnographic and quantitative cross-sectional with convenience sampling method. Result: Caries status according to def-t index 5,18 children 5-10 years of age; DMF-T index of 4,59 children aged 5-10 years and adolescents aged 12-18 years are 16,53. Caries severity is related to the behavior and beliefs in "Suku Anak Dalam"."

"Latar Belakang: Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) memiliki pantangan dalam menggunakan pasta gigi. Tujuan: Mengidentifikasi perilaku dan kepercayaan dalam memelihara kesehatan gingiva pada Murid Sokola Rimba. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif etnografi dan kuantitatif desain cross-sectional. Hasil: Penyebab pantangan tidak menggunakan pasta gigi di sungai adalah takut hilangnya keberkahan dewa. Adat berpengaruh kuat pada kelompok anak dan perempuan. Mereka tidak memiliki kebebasan, terutama pendidikan. Rerata pengetahuan dan sikap untuk memelihara kesehatan gingiva buruk, sedangkan rerata tindakan memelihara kesehatan gingiva sedang. Kesimpulan: Kepercayaan SAD dalam membersihkan mulut berhubungan dengan perilaku kesehatan gigi mulut sehingga rerata status kebersihan mulut dan inflamasi gingiva sedang.

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Background : Suku Anak Dalam ( SAD ) has a belief that using tooth paste is taboo.

Objective : Identify the behaviors and beliefs in maintaining gingival health within the students of Sokola Rimba.

Methods : Qualitative ethnographic and quantitative research with cross-sectional design.

Results : SAD's belief that using tooth paste in the river due to the fear of the loss of the God's blessing. It has strong influence in the group of children and women so that they do not have freedom, especially in education. The mean of knowledge and attitudes in maintaining gingival health is poor and oral health habits are moderate.

Conclusion : SAD belief related to oral cleaning and oral health behaviours affecting the mean of oral hygiene and gingival status being moderate."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan pengaruh pastagigi yang mengandung theobromine dan hydroxyapatite terhadap kekerasan mikroemail gigi setelah direndam dalam minuman berkarbonasi. Penelitian inimenggunakan 21 spesimen mahkota gigi premolar satu rahang atas. Spesimendirendam dalam minuman berkarbonasi kemudian disikat dengan pasta gigi yangmengandung theobromine dan hydroxyapatite. Uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney menunjukkan perubahan kekerasan yang signifikan setelah penyikatanselama 9 menit 20 detik menggunakan kedua pasta gigi pasca direndam dalamminuman berkarbonasi selama 10 menit. Peningkatan nilai kekerasan mikro emailgigi pada kelompok hydroxyapatite lebih besar dibandingkan kelompoktheobromine (p<0,05).

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ABSTRACTThis study is aimed to analyze the effect of theobromine and hydroxyapatitetoothpaste to enamel microhardess after immersion in carbonated drink. Thisstudy uses 21 upper first premolar crown specimen which is immersed incarbonated drink then brushed with theobromine and hydroxyapatite containingtoothpaste. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney test shows significant difference ofmicrohardness after brushing for 9 minutes and 20 seconds using both toothpastesafter immersion in carbonated drink for 10 minutes with higher number inhydroxyapatite group than theobromine group (p<0,05)."

"Karies gigi adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Faktor utama adalah interaksi antara host (gigi dan saliva), mikroorganisme (plak), substrat (karbohidrat) dan waktu. Faktor lain yang turut berkontribusi diantaranya adalah perilaku yang berhubungan dengan kesebatan gigi yaitu kebiasaan makan dan pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi. Perilaku kesehatan gigi merupakan hal penting yang dapat mempengaruhi status kesehatan gigi individu atau masyarakat. Survei kesehatan gigi dan mulut murid SDN di Kota Tangerang tahun 2006 menunjukkan prevalensi karies gigi murid SD di Kecamatan Cibodas sebessr 81% dengan rata-rata DMFT sebesar 1,95. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat hubungan antara perilaku kesehatan gigi murid SD kelss enam dengan status karies gigi (DMFT) serta beberapa faktor lain yang turut berbubungan. Disain penelitian yang digunakan adalah potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 184 murid SD kelas enam dari 5 SD di Kecamatan Cibodas yang dipilih secara random pada bulan Januari - Februari 2008. Data variable perilaku kesehatan gigi dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan lembar kuesioner dan observasi simulasi cara menyikat gigi, pada model rahang. Data variable jenis kelamin, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi, tingkat pendidikan ibu dan pekerjaan ayah, dikumpulkan melalui wawancara menggunakan lembar kuesioner. Variabel status karies gigi (DMFT) dikumpulkan dengan melakukan pemeriksaan gigi dan dicatat dalam lembar pemeriksaan tatus karies gigi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi murid yang mengalami karies 85,9% dengan indeks DMFT rata-rata 2,67, sedangkan proporsi murid dengan status karies gigi rendah (DMFT < I) hanya 35,3%. Didapat hubungan yang bermakna antara perilaku kesehatan gigi murid dengan status karies gigi (DMF1), dimana kenaikan 1nilai perilaku kesehatan gigi murid, berpeluang untuk mempunyai status karies gigi rendah sebesar 1,4 kali, sedangkan jenis kelamin, pengetahuan kesehatan gigi, tingkat pendidikan ibu dan pekerjaan ayah bukan merupakan confounder dalam hubungan tersebut. Disarankan untuk meningkatkan perilaku kesehatan gigi murid melalui peningkatkan dan pengembangkan kegiatan UKGS di Sekolah-sekolah Dasar, pelatihan tenaga-tenaga pelaksana UKGS di lapangan, mengikut sertakan guru. orang tua dan murid untuk menjadi mitra dalam pelaksanaan UKGS di sekolah, melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang dapat memotivasi murid untuk mempunyai kebiasaan memelihara kesehatan giginya, seperti pemeriksaan kebersihan gigi murid secara berkala, sikat gigi massal dan lomba gigi sebat.

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Dental caries is a kind of disease caused by many factors. The primary factors is interaction between host (tooth and saliva), microorganism (plaque), substrate (carbohydrate) and time. Other factors with contribute to the dental caries are behavior that connected with dental health, which are eat habitual and tooth cleanliness mamtenance. Dental health behavior is important things that affeet either individual or society dental hsaltb status. Dental health survey from mouth of elementary school students at Tangerang city in 2006 shown that in Cibodas subdistrict, Dental caries prevalence at elementary student is 81% with DMFT average 1,95. This research objective is to find out the relationship between dental health behavior of sixth grsde elementary school students with dental caries status (DMFT) and several another factors which related.

The design of research used cross sectional, with 184 random samples of sixth grade elementary school students from 5 elementary schools, start from January to February 2008. Data of dental health behavior collected through interview with questionnaire and observe the simulation of tooth brushing at the jaw model, other data that sex, dental health knowledge, mother's educational level and father's work are collected through interview by questionnaire. Data of dental caries status (DMFT) collected by doing tooth examination using the dental examiner equipments and noted in the examination from of dental caries status (DMFT). The result of the research shown students proportion having caries is 85,9% with average DMFT index 2,67, students proportion is meaning relation between dental health behavior of sixth grade elementary school students with dental caries status (DMFT) , where more and more high the student's dental health behavior, having opportunity of 1,4 limes to have low dental caries status, while sex, dental health knowledge, mother's educational level and father's work are not confounder in the relation.

The researcher suggest to increase the student's dental health behavior by improve and develop UKOS activities at elementary schools, training the field executorS ofUKGS, participate of the teachers. parents and students to become miter in realization of UKGS at schools. do activities which motivate students to have a habit of keeping moth healthy, for example the student's tooth health examinations periodically, massive tooth brushing and healthy tooth competition."

"The National Socio-Economic Survey (NSES) 2001 collected data on the perceived dental illness, disturbance and its duration in dental treatment by health services, and in modern and traditional self-medication. The NSES data was analyzed to study the community perception towards dental illness and motivation for dental care. The prevalence of dental ilness was 1.2 per 100 respondents in the last one-month period prior to the survey, showing no significant difference when compared to NSES 1998 or 1.3 per 100 respondents. The perceived dental illness was most prevalent among the 35-39 years old subjects, at 1.8 per 100 respondents. Among these with dental illness, 67 percent of the cases had disturbed daily activity with an average duration of 4 days. Among those with dental illness, 69 percent of the cases ever had modern or traditional self-medication to overcome the symptoms. However, 36 percent of those with dental illness had further treatment by the health services, showing an increased coverage of health service treatments in 2001 compared to 1998 (13 percent of dental cases). Among these only 67 percent of the treatments were performed by dentists."

"Informasi menduduki peranan penting dalam kehidupan manusia karena sangat dibutuhkan dalam pengambilan keputusan di kemudian hari. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan informasi, setiap orang mempunyai perilaku pencarian yang berbeda-beda sesuai dengan kemampuannya. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku pencarian informasi masyarakat rimba Makekal Hulu di Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas Jambi. Metode yang digunakan penulis dalam makalah ini adalah studi dokumentasi di mana penulis mengumpulkan beberapa hasil penelitian dan teori-teori yang berkaitan dengan perilaku pencarian informasi kemudian menganalis teori mana yang cocok digunakan untuk masyarakat rimba Makekal Hulu Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas Jambi. Dari hasil analisis, temyata perilaku pencarian informasi masyarakat rimba Makekal Hulu Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas Jambi masih menggunakan pertolongan atau bantuan dari orang lain yang disebut dengan jenang. Setelah mendapatkan informasi barulah masyarakat rimba ini mengolah informasi terse but apakah sesuai dengan kebutuhannya atau tidak. Setelah mendapatkan semua informasi yang dibutuhkan, barulah mereka mengakhiri proses pencarian informasi."

"The purposes of this study were to establish normative data for mesiodistal tooth crown diameters and arch dimensions in Mongolian adults and to compare them with those of Japanese adults. The study materials comprised dental casts of 100 modern Mongolian and 100 Japanese subjects (50 males, 50 females for each) with Angle Class I normal occlusion. The mean ages were 20 years 8 months for the Mongolian subjects and 20 years 0 months for the Japanese subjects. On the dental casts, the mesiodistal tooth crown diameters (excluding wisdom teeth) and dental arch dimensions were measured. The following arch dimensions were measured: inter-canine lingual, inter-premolar lingual, inter-molar lingual, inter-molar central, coronal arch length, basal arch length, and basal arch width. In the Mongolian samples, significant sex differences were noted, and most of the items were significantly larger in males than in females. Significant differences between the Mongolian and Japanese samples were mainly noted in the premolar and moral regions, rather than in the anterior region, and were significantly smaller in the Mongolian samples. In the Mongolian samples, the molar section widths and basal arch width and length were significantly larger in males and females compared with the Japanese samples. These results suggest that the tooth crown size and arch dimensions in the Mongolian samples differed from those in the Japanese samples, and that establishment of the clinical norm for Mongolian adults might be helpful in formulating treatment plans for Mongolian patients, given that these parameters are the basic tools for diagnosis."

"Fokus permalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah mempelajari dan menganalisis proses pembangunan sosial bagi masyarakat adat Orang Rimba dan mengnalisis dampak kebijakan pembangunan ekonomi yang berorientasi pada pertumbuhan, terhadap proses marjinalisasi kehidupan sosial, ekonomi, budaya dan lingkungan masyarakat adat Orang Rimba. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan pengkajian terhadap model dan strategi pembangunan yang telah diterapkan oleh pemerintah terhadap komunitas adat orang Rimba. Kemudian menjelaskan berbagai dampak pembangunan yang telah diterapkan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan disain analisa kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian diperoleh informasi tentang karakteristik sosial budaya, ekonomi, demografi, pola kehidupan yang marjinal dan kearifan lokal, serta karakteristik kelompok masyarakat adat Orang Rimba dalam pemanfaatan sumberdaya hutan di Kawasan Taman Nasional Bukit Dua Belas serta permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh komunitas adat Orang Rimba. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa pembangunan ekonomi yang mengutamakan "pertumbuhan" yang dilaksanakan pemerintah telah memberikan dampak negatif terjadinya proses marjinalisasi dan kemiskinan secara struktural serta tercerabut jati diri dan identitasnya dari kehidupan sosial dan budaya yang mereka miliki. Proses pembangunan akan menimbulkan suatu perubahan sosial dalam masyarakat adat Orang Rimba, dampak kemiskinan yang mereka alami harus dicarikan solusinya. Berbagai upaya dapat dan harus dilakukan untuk mencegah agar terpaan berbagai faktor pemercepat perubahan (change catalyst) agar tidak berdampak buruk bagi masyarakat orang Rimba salah satunya adalah melalui konsep Pembangunan Sosial yang memiliki tujuan utama meningkatkan kesejahtaraan melalui pelayanan sosial dasar kesehatan, pendidikan dan jaminan sosial. Pendekatan pembangunan sosial yang diterapkan pada masyarakat adat Orang Rimba menggunakan pendekatan berbasis komunitas dengan mengacu pada dua perspektif pengembangan masyarakat yaitu perspektif ekologis dan perspektif keadilan sosial dan HAM.

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This research studies the process of social development for the indigenous Rimban people (Orang Rimba) and analyzes the impacts of development policies oriented to economic growth on the marginalization process of this indigenous people socially, economically, culturally and environmentally.

Using a qualitative descriptive approach, this study aims to assess the model and development strategy that has been implemented by the government against the indigenous Rimban people, and explains how this development model and strategy brings about various impacts on this people.

The study obtains not only the information about the characteristics of the social, cultural, economic, demographic and marginal life of Orang Rimba; but also their local wisdoms in utilizing the natural resources in the present area of Bukit Dua Belas National Park and the problems this indigenous community is facing.

This research concludes that development oriented to ?growth? executed by the government has given negative impacts as this fosters marginalization and poverty structurally and thus uproots the indigenous Rimbans from their own social life and culture, causing them to lose their identity. The development process will bring about a social change for the indigenous Rimban people while the impact of poverty they face should look for a solution.

Various efforts can and should be done to prevent the exposure to various factors accelerating the change (change catalyst) so as not leave serious damaging effects on this society. One of which is through the concept of Social Development whose main objective is to improve welfare through basic social services, health, education and social security. This social development approach that is applied to this indigenous people is a community-based approach with reference to two community development perspectives: the ecological perspective and the perspective of social justice and human rights."

"Show me your teeth," the great naturalist Georges Cuvier is credited with saying, "and I will tell you who you are." In this shattering new work, veteran health journalist Mary Otto looks inside America's mouth, revealing unsettling truths about our unequal society. Teeth takes readers on a disturbing journey into America's silent epidemic of oral disease, exposing the hidden connections between tooth decay and stunted job prospects, low educational achievement, decreased social mobility, and the troubling state of our public health. Otto's subjects include the pioneering dentist who made Shirley Temple and Judy Garland's teeth sparkle on the silver screen and helped create the all-American image of "pearly whites"; Deamonte Driver, the young Maryland boy whose tragic death from an abscessed tooth sparked congressional hearings; and a marketing guru who offers advice to dentists on how to push new and expensive treatments and how to keep Medicaid patients at bay. In one of its most disturbing findings, Teeth reveal that toothaches are not an occasional inconvenience, but rather a chronic reality for millions of people, including disproportionate numbers of the elderly and people of color. Many people, Otto reveals, resort to prayer to counteract the uniquely devastating effects of dental pain. Otto also goes back in time to understand the roots of our predicament in the history of dentistry, showing how it became separated from mainstream medicine, despite a century of growing evidence that oral health and general bodily health are closely related. Muckraking and paradigm-shifting, Teeth exposes for the first time the extent and meaning of our oral health crisis. It joins the small shelf of books that change the way we view society and ourselves - and will spark an urgent conversation about why our teeth matter."

"ABSTRAKKaries pada anak usia sekolah mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi adalah pengetahuan dan kesadaran pentingnya perawatan kesehatan gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dengan perilaku perawatan gigi padaanak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif korelatif. Responden penelitian berjumlah 156 anak usia sekolah di SDN Pondok Cina 4 Depok. Pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah stratified random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang kesehatan gigi dengan perilaku perawatan gigi pada anakusia sekolah di SDN Pondok Cina 4 Depok (p value: 0,013). Penelitian ini merekomendasikan institusi kesehatan, institusi pendidikan, dan orang tua untuk meningkatkan muatan informasi terkait kesehatan gigi dan perawatan gigi pada anak usia sekolah sehingga dapat mencegah terjadinya karies gigi

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abstract Caries in school-age children increases every year. One of the factors that affects the dental caries are knowledge and awareness of the importance dental health care. The aims of this study are to determine the relationship between the levels of dental health knowledge with the behavior of doing dental care. This study used descriptive correlative design. Sample of this study are 142 school age children in SDN Pondok Cina 4 Depok. Stratified random sampling is used as the samplingtechniques. The results of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between level of dental health knowledge with dental care behavior of school-age children in SDN Pondok Cina 4 Depok (p value: 0.013). The study recommends to health care institutions, educational institutions, and parents to enhance the information content related to dental health and dental care at school-age children to prevent the occurrence of dental caries."