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"Serat asbes yang terinhalasi masuk ke dalam alveolus menyebabkan terjadinya peningkatan produksi reactive oxigen spesies (ROS) yang dapat memicu terjadinya reaksi inflamasi. Interleukin 6 merupakan penanda reaksi inflamasi akibat pajanan serat asbes. Vitamin C dan E merupakan antioksidan yang bekerja sebagai scavenger ROS. Vitamin C juga dapat menghambat aktivitas faktor transkripsi NFқB. Vitamin E selain dapat menghambat aktivitas faktor transkripsi JAK/STAT3 dan NFқB, juga dapat menghambat aktivitas COX2 dan LOX5. Penelitian potong lintang di sekretariat serikat buruh pabrik asbes X Kabupaten Karawang bulan Oktober 2014 dilakukan untuk menilai korelasi asupan vitamin C, E dengan kadar interleukin 6 pada pekerja pabrik asbes. Lima puluh dua pekerja pabrik asbes berhasil menyelesaikan protokol penelitian. Hasilnya menunjukkan tidak terdapat korelasi bermakna (p >0,05) antara asupan vitamin C dengan kadar IL-6 dan antara asupan vitamin E dengan kadar IL-6. Terdapat korelasi positif antara kadar vitamin C dengan kadar IL-6 (r = 0,31) dengan p <0,05, namun tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar vitamin E dengan kadar IL-6.

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Asbestos fibers that are inhaled into the alveoli cause increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which may trigger inflammation reaction. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a marker of inflammation reaction caused by asbestos fibers exposure. Vitamin C and vitamin E are antioxidants acting as ROS scavengers. Vitamin C can also inhibit the activity of transcription factor NFқB. Vitamin E can inhibit the activities of transcription factors JAK/STAT3 and NFқB as well as the activities of COX2 and LOX5.

A cross-sectional sudy at a labor union secretariat in Karawang Regency in October 2014 was conducted to evaluate the correlations between intakes and levels of vitamin C and vitamin E and level of IL-6 in asbestos factory workers. Fifty two asbestos factory workers finished the study. The result showed no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and IL-6 level or between vitamin E intake and IL-6 level. There was a moderate positive correlation between vitamin C level and IL-6 level (r = 0.31, p <0.05), but there was no correlation between vitamin E level and IL-6 level."

"Stress oksidatif merupakan dasar dari berbagai penyakit degeneratif dan kanker, termasuk asbestosis dan mesotelioma. Kedua penyakit tersebut terjadi akibat terinhalasinya serat asbes dalam jangka waktu lama dan jumlah pajanan yang tinggi. Penelitian potong lintang di Sekretariat Buruh Karawang bulan Oktober 2014 dilakukan untuk menilai korelasi asupan dan kadar vitamin C, E dengan kadar isoprostan. Lima puluh dua subjek yang bekerja di pabrik asbes selesai mengikuti seluruh protokol penelitian. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa asupan vitamin C dan kadar vitamin E berkorelasi negatif dengan kadar isoprostan, sedangkan asupan vitamin E dan kadar vitamin C berkorelasi positif dengan kadar isoprostan pekerja pabrik asbes. Korelasi tersebut secara statistik tidak bermakna. Penelitian lanjut diperlukan untuk menilai kadar isoprostan secara series, sehingga bila ada peningkatan yang signifikan dapat segera dikethui.

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Oxidative stress is the base of various degenerative diseases and cancers, including asbestosis and mesothelioma. Both of them occur due to prolonged inhalation of asbestos fibers and high level of exposure. A cross-sectional study at a labor secretariat in October 2014 was performed to assess the correlations between intakes and levels of vitamin C and vitamin E and isoprostane level. Fifty two subjects working at an asbestos factory finished the study. The result showed that vitamin C intake and vitamin E level were negatively correlated with isoprostane level. Meanwhile, vitamin E intake and vitamin C level were positively correlated with isoprostane level in asbestos factory workers. These correlations were statistically insignificant. Asbestos factory workers should be educated to increase their intakes of vitamin C and vitamin E."

"Latar Belakang: Inflamasi pada kehamilan normal disebabkan oleh oksidatif stress yang disebabkan oleh produksi radikal bebas dan peningkatan biomarker inflamasi, seperti IL-6. 830 wanita meninggal setiap harinya karena hamil dan melahirkan, diantaranya 15% disebabkan oleh komplikasi pada kehamilan seperti preeklampsia. Preeklampsia merupakan sebuah sindrom yang muncul pada kehamilan, terutama pada trimester ketiga, dan terasosiasi dengan inflamasi yang berlebihan. Sebagai antioksidan, vitamin C diduga berperan menurunkan stress oksidatif pada kehamilan dan persalinan, sehingga menurunkan tingkat kematian ibu, sehingga dilakukan penelitian untuk mencari hubungan antara asupan vitamin C dan kadar IL-6 sebagai biomarker dari inflamasi. Metode: Penelitian berdesain potong- lintang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Cipto Magunkusumo pada 40 orang ibu hamil trimester ketiga dikelompokkan menjadi preeklampsia dan non-preeklampsia. Subjek diwawancara menggunakan semi-kuantitatif food frequency questionnaire yang diolah dengan NutriSurvey untuk asupan vitamin C, dan ELISA untuk kadar IL-6. Data diuji distribusinya dengan uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk, kemudian dilakukan analisis univariat dengan uji T tidak berpasangan, Mann-Whitney, dan Chi-square; serta bivariat dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Analisis dilakukan dengan SPSS for Windows ver. 20. Hasil: Hasil yang tidak signifikan ditunjukkan pada usia subjek dan usia gestasi terhadap preeklampsia dan non- preeklampsia dengan p=0,545 dan p=0,34. Asupan vitamin C yang ditunjukkan oleh subjek preeklampsia sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok non-preeklampsia dengan median sebesar 76,37(28,05–396,88) mg dan 68,87(8,57–198,53) mg dengan p=0,358. Sedangkan, kelompok preeklampsia menunjukkan kadar IL-6 yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok non-preeklampsia [15,8(2,2–67,4) pg/ml vs 6,8(1,8–43,5) pg/ml] dengan perbedaan yang tidak signifikan. Uji korelasi non-parametrik menunjukkan tidak adanya asosiasi yang signifikan antara vitamin C dan kadar IL-6 (p=0,361; r= -0,147). Selain itu juga, tidak ditemukan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara asupan vitamin C dan kadar IL-6 untuk setiap kelompok dengan r= -0,143 dan -0,198 secara berturut-turut. Pembahasan: Tidak didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan vitamin C dan kadar IL-6 pada ibu hamil trimester ketiga pada penelitian ini. Hasil ini dapat disebabkan oleh asupan vitamin C pada subjek yang kurang (<85 mg) pada kedua kelompok dan juga inflamasi pada trimester ketiga yang meningkat. Selain itu, penelitian ini hanya meneliti hubungan asupan vitamin C dengan kadar IL-6, sedangkan peran melawan stress oksidatif dan inflamasi melibatkan seluruh antioksidan, baik eksogen maupun endogen. Oleh karena itu, penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai hubungan antioksidan lainnya dengan IL-6 sangat disarankan.

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Background: Inflammation in pregnancy is primarily caused by systemic oxidative stress due to production of free radicals and increased levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as IL-6. Every day, 830 women associated with pregnancy and childbirth die globally, approximately 15% of which is caused by prenatal complications such as preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a syndrome developed during pregnancy which occurs mostly on the third trimester and is strongly associated with inflammation. As an antioxidant, vitamin C could potentially play a role in reducing oxidative stress in either pregnancy or delivery, thus decreasing mortality rate. Therefore, a research to investigate the relationship between vitamin C intake and levels of IL-6 as a biomarker of oxidative stress was conducted. Methods: A cross-sectional study done in Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital. 40 women in third trimester pregnancy are then grouped into preeclampsia and non- preeclampsia, and surveyed via Food Frequency Questionnaire and NutriSurvey for vitamin C, as well as ELISA assay for IL-6 expression. All data was firstly analyzed using Shapiro- Wilk normality test, then analyzed univariately using unpaired T-test, Mann-Whitney, and Chi-square; bivariate analysis was conducted with Spearman correlation test. All analysis was done using SPSS software ver. 20. Results: There is no significant difference shown between mean age and gestational age of the preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia group with p=0.545 and p=0.34 respectively. Subjects in the preeclampsia group were shown to consume vitamin C slightly higher than the non-preeclampsia with median values of 76.37(28.05–396.88) mg and 68.87(8.57–198.53) mg respectively with p=0.358. On the other hand, the preeclampsia group expressed higher level of IL-6 than the non-preeclampsia [15.8(2.2–67.4) pg/ml vs 6.8(1.8–43.5) pg/ml] with no significant difference. A nonparametric correlation test showed no significant association between vitamin C (p=0.361; r = -0.147) and total IL-6 level. There was also no significant difference between vitamin C consumption and IL-6 level for each group with r= -0.143 and -0.198 respectively. Discussion: There was no significant association between vitamin C intake and IL-6 level on third trimester pregnancy women (p= 0.361). This result could be caused by inadequate intake of vitamin C in both groups and the increase of inflammation on the third trimester. In addition, this study only examined association between vitamin C and IL-6 level, while role of neutralizing oxidative stress and inflammation involved both endogenous and exogenous antioxidants. Therefore, further research should be considered to study vitamin C alongside the other antioxidants level and IL-6 level."

"Mengelahui efek pemberian suplementasi vitamin C dan E terhadap kadarmalondialdehida plasma pada perokok kretek filter selama empat minggu di Jakarta.Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis paralel, acalg tersamar tunggal antara kelompokyang inendapat suplementasi vitamin C dan E (P) dengan kelompok yang mendapatplasebo (K). Sebanyak 40 orang perokok kretek filterr di rumah makan, Jakarta Utaramemenuhi ln-iteria dan diikutkan dalam penelitian Dilakukan randomisasi blolc untukmenentukan kclompok perlakuan dan kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan mendapatkansuplementasi vitamin C 500 mg dan E 400 IU/hari selama empat minggu, dankclompok kontrol mendapat plasebo. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data demograti(usia, konsumsi rokok, indeks Brinkman, tekanan dan lg kadar glukosa darah puasa,kadar kolesterol tétal), IMT, analisis asupan zat gizi, kadar malondialdehida plasma.Analisis data menggunakan uji t tidak berpasangan atau uji Mann Whimsy denganbatas kemaknaan p <0,05.Karakteristik demografi subyek pada awal penelitian meliputi usia, konsumsi rokok,indeks Brinkman, tel-canan damh, Radar glukosa darah puasa, kadar kolesterol total,IMT , analisis asupan zat gizi, kadar malondialdchida plasma antara kelompokperlakuan dan kontrol homogen. Rerata kadar MDA plasma awal pada kelompokperlakuan dan pada kelompok kontrol 1,39i0,19 vs 1,34=b=0,09 nmol/mL. Pada akhirperlakuan, rerata kadar MDA plasma sabesar 1,18=l=0,22 pada kelompok perlakuan dan1,3 1=k0,13 nmol/mL kelompok kontrol, berbeda bermakna (p <0,03‘7).Setelah suplementasi vitamin C 500 mg dan E 400 IU/hari selama empat minggutcrdapat perbedaan bermakna renta kadar MDA plasma antara kedua kelompok.

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AbstractTo investigate the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on plasmamalondialdehycle in clove cigarettes smokers during four weeks in JakartaThis is a parallel randomized single-blind clinical study between interventionalgroup with vitamin C and E supplementation (P) and control group with hasplacebo (K). Forty clove cigarettes smokers in Rmtaurant, Jakarta had fulfilledthe criteria and recruited in the research. Subjects were allocated by blockrandomization into intervention and control group. Intervention group treatedwith vitamin C 500 mg and vitamin E 400 IU daily for 4 weeks, while controlgroup treated with placebo. Data collection includes demographic characteristic(age, smoking habits, Brinkman index, blood pressure, blood glucose, totalcholesterol), body mass index (BMI), daily nutrient analysis, plasma MDA.Statistical analysis using unpairod t-test or Mann Whitney test with significantlevel at p < 0,05.Demographic characteristic (age, smoking habits, Brinlcman index, bloodpressure, blood glucose, total cholesterol), body mass index (BMI), dailynutrient analysis, plasma MDA between both groups were homogen. Initialplasma MDA in the intervention group. and control were l,39=|=0,l9 vsl,34=l=0,09 nmol/tnL. After intervention plasma MDA were l,l8=k0,22 in theintervention group and 1,3l£),13 nmol/mL in control group (p <0,03'7).After supplementation of vitamin C 500 mg/day and vitamin E 400 IU/dayduring 4 weeks, showed significantly differences average of plasma MDAbetween two groups."

"Air susu ibu adalah sumber nutrisi paling baik untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan bayi, yang mengandung banyak komponen penting salah satunya antioksidan enzimatik yaitu Superoksida Dismutase (SOD). Sebagai antioksidan lini pertama, SOD berfungsi mengkatalisis superoksida menjadi hidrogen peroksida dan selanjutnya hidrogen peroksida diubah menjadi air dan alkohol oleh katalase (CAT) dan Glutation Peroksidase (GPx). Vitamin E sebagai antioksidan eksogen dari luar tubuh akan membantu kerja SOD untuk mencegah keadaan stres oksidatif.  Fungsi vitamin E adalah mencegah terjadinya kerusakan lemak pada membran sel. Vitamin E akan bekerja secara sinergis dengan vitamin C yang akan mengubah kembali vitamin E menjadi bentuk non radikal. Asupan vitamin E dan vitamin C di Indonesia masih belum jelas terutama pada ibu laktasi sehingga perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Penelitianini merupakan penelitianpotong lintang yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Grogol Petamburan dan Puskesmas Cilincing pada 60 orang ibu laktasi berusia 20-40 tahun yang menyusui bayi berumur 1-6 bulan. Penelitian ini berlangsung sejak bulan Maret hingga April 2019 yang bertujuanuntuk melihat korelasi antara asupan vitamin E dan vitamin C dengan aktivitas total SOD eritrosit dan ASI. Aktivitas total SOD eritrosit dan ASI dinilai menggunakanRansod kit 125 dengan metode spektrofotometri. Median aktivitas total SOD eritrosit sebesar 423,73 (242-858) U/ml, sedangkan median aktivitas total SOD ASI 58,34 U/ml(24,86-287,79) U/ml. Asupan vitamin E yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah 91,7% subjek memiliki asupan vitamin E yang rendahsedangkan 70% subjek memiliki asupan vitamin C yang cukup. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi bermakna antara asupan vitamin E dan C dengan aktivitas total SOD eritrosit dan ASI (p>0,05).

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Human milk is the best nutrition for infant's growth and development. Human milk contains many components, one of them is superoxide dismutase (SOD). As a first line antioxidant, SOD plays a role to convert superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and furthermore will continue with catalase (CAT) and gluthathione peroxide (GPx) to change hydrogen peroxide into water and alcohol molecule. Vitamin E as an exogenous antioxidant will help SOD to prevent oxidative stress. Vitamin E inhibits lipid peroxidation in membrane cell. Vitamin C helps vitamin E back into non radical molecule. Vitamin E and vitamin C intake in Indonesia still unclear especially among lactating mothers. This cross sectional study conducted in Grogol Petamburan and Cilincing Health Centre in 60 lactating mothers aged 20-40 yo whose feeding 1-6 months infants. Study was held from march until April 2019 to assess correlation between vitamin E and C intake of lactating mothers with erythrocyte and brestmilk SOD total activity. Total SOD activity in erythrocyte and human milk were analyzed with Ransod kit 125with spectrophotometry method. Median SOD total activity in erythrocyte was 423,73 (242-858)U/ml, meanwhile SOD total activity in breastmilk has median value 58,34 U/ml (24,86-287,79) U/ml. Subjects with low vitamin C intake were 91,7% and 70% subjects had adequate vitamin C intake. There were no significant correlation between vitamin E and vitamin C intake in lactating mothers with erythrocyte and breastmilk SOD total activity (p>0,05)."

"Tujuan: Mengetahui kadar vitamin E plasma, malondialdehida plasma dan kebiasaan merokok pekerja laki-laki. Hasilnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu dasar memperbaiki pola hidup untuk menurunkan risiko aterosklerosis pada perokok dan bukan perokok. Tempat: PT. Nasional Gobel - Bogor Jawa Barat. Metodologi: Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional pada 115 pekerja laki-laki, yang merokok dan tidak merokok, berusia 20-55 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan, dan terpilih secara simple random sampling, menggunakan tabel bilangan acak. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi : umur, pendidikan, penghasilan, IMT, persentase lemak tubuh, asupan lemak, asupan serat, asupan vitamin E, kadar vitamin E plasma dan MDA plasma. Hasil: Median kadar vitamin E plasma subyek yang tidak merokok [24,76 (I8,89-50,61) μmol/L] lebih tinggi dari subyek yang merokok [23,80 (12,25-38,14) μunol/L]. Median kadar MDA plasma subyek yang tidak merokok [0,61 (0,22-4,75) nmol/mL] lebih rendah dari subyek yang merokok [0,68 (0,32-3,01) nmol/mL]. Tidak didapat hubungan yang bermakna (p > 0,05) antara asupan vitamin E, kadar vitamin E plasma, kadar MDA plasma dengan kebiasaan merokok. Terdapat korelasi positif yang bermakna (p < 0,05) antara IMT (r = 0,28), persentase massa lemak tubuh (r = 0,25) dengan kadar vitamin E plasma. Didapatkan korelasi negatif yang sangat lemah (r = -0,11) antara kadar vitamin E dengan MDA plasma pada subyek penelitian yang tidak merokok dan pada subyek yang merokok hampir tidak didapat korelasi (r = -0,07) dan tidak bermakna secara statistik. Kesimpulan: Didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara kadar vitamin E plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma pada pekerja laki-laki yang tidak merokok dan yang merokok.

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Objective: To study plasma vitamin E concentration, MDA concentration and smoking habit male workers. The results are expected to be used as one of the basis to enhance life pattern, and to decrease the risk of atherosclerosis.

Place: PT. National Gabel Bogor, West Java.

Method: A cross sectional study was carried out among 115 male smoking workers and non smoking workers, age 20-55 years old, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria selected by simple random sampling using random table. Data collection consist of age, education, income, body mass index, fat mass percentage, fat intake, vitamin E intake, plasma vitamin E and MDA concentrations.

Results: Median of plasma vitamin E concentration among non smokers was higher [24,76(18,89-50,61) μmol/L] than smokers [23,80(12,25-38,14) μmol/L]. While median of plasma MDA concentration among non smokers [0,61(0,22-4,75) μmol/L] was lower than smokers [0,68(0,32-3,01) μmol/mL]. There were no significant relationship (p>0,05) between vitamin E intake, plasma vitamin E concentration, plasma MDA concentration and smoking. There were significant (p<0,05) positive correlation between body mass index (r=0,28), fat mass percentage (r=0,25) and plasma vitamin E concentration. Weak negative correlation was found between plasma vitamin E and MDA concentration.

Conclusions: There was weak negative correlation but not significant between plasma vitamin E and MDA concentration in smoking workers."

"[ABSTRAKPeningkatan stres oksidatif selama penuaan, dianggap sebagai kontributor utama pada proses neuro-degenerasi dan kehilangan neuron, dan merupakan faktor utama dalam patologi penyakit Alzheimer dan penurunan kognitif terkait usia. Vitamin E merupakan antioksidan potensial yang menjadi fokus utama penelitian gangguan fungsi kognitif dan penyakit Alzheimer. Penelitian potong lintang pada populasi lansia sehat di Kelurahan Cikoko ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2014 untuk menilai hubungan antara kadar vitamin E serum dengan fungsi kognitif. Selain itu juga menilai asupan vitamin C dan E dengan metode FFQ. Penilaian fungsi kognitif dengan instrumen MoCA-Ina. Pemeriksaan laboratorium untuk mengetahui kadar vitamin E menggunakan metode HPLC. Data dianalisis dengan uji Mann-Whitney dan Chi-square. Sebagian besar subyek (75,9%) adalah perempuan dengan usia rata-rata 65 tahun. Sementara, kadar rata-rata vitamin E adekuat, yaitu 21,6 μmol/L. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara kadar vitamin E serum dengan fungsi kognitif yang dinilai dengan skor MoCA-Ina. Meskipun berat badan normal hingga obes I menunjukkan hubungan signifikan dengan skor kognitif (r = 0,17 p = 0,026), tetapi tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara asupan vitamin C dengan fungsi kognitif (r = 0,19 p = 0,15) atau antara asupan vitamin E dengan fungsi kognitif (r = 0,04, p = 0.72) pada penelitian ini. Kesimpulan, tidak terdapat hubungan antara kadar vitamin E serum dengan fungsi kognitif.

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ABSTRACTOxidative stress increases during ageing, is considered as a major contributor to neuro-degeneration and neuronal loss, and is a primary factor in the pathology of both Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease during aging as a potent antioxidant. A cross-sectional study of an elderly population in Cikoko Regency in December 2014 was conducted to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and cognitive function in elderly. Correlation between intakes of vitamin C and E as well as Body Mass Index to the MoCA-Ina scores were also investigated. Fifty four elderly were included in the study and interviewed for their vitamins intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Cognitive function was examined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina). Levels of vitamin E serum were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. The majority of the subjects were female (75.9%) with median age 65 years old. While, the median levels of vitamin E was 21.55 μmol/L. The result of this study showed that there was no association between vitamin E level and MoCA-Ina scores. Although normal weight to obese I was significantly associated with cognitive scores (r = 0,17 p = 0.026), no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and cognitive function scores (r = 0.19 p = 0.15) or between vitamin E intake and MoCA-Ina scores were found in this study (r = 0.04, p = 0.72). In conclusion, there is no association between vitamin E serum and cognitive function.;Oxidative stress increases during ageing, is considered as a major contributor to neuro-degeneration and neuronal loss, and is a primary factor in the pathology of both Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease during aging as a potent antioxidant. A cross-sectional study of an elderly population in Cikoko Regency in December 2014 was conducted to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and cognitive function in elderly. Correlation between intakes of vitamin C and E as well as Body Mass Index to the MoCA-Ina scores were also investigated. Fifty four elderly were included in the study and interviewed for their vitamins intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Cognitive function was examined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina). Levels of vitamin E serum were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. The majority of the subjects were female (75.9%) with median age 65 years old. While, the median levels of vitamin E was 21.55 μmol/L. The result of this study showed that there was no association between vitamin E level and MoCA-Ina scores. Although normal weight to obese I was significantly associated with cognitive scores (r = 0,17 p = 0.026), no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and cognitive function scores (r = 0.19 p = 0.15) or between vitamin E intake and MoCA-Ina scores were found in this study (r = 0.04, p = 0.72). In conclusion, there is no association between vitamin E serum and cognitive function., Oxidative stress increases during ageing, is considered as a major contributor to neuro-degeneration and neuronal loss, and is a primary factor in the pathology of both Alzheimer’s disease and age-related cognitive decline. Vitamin E has been the main focus of investigation in studies of cognitive impairment and alzheimer’s disease during aging as a potent antioxidant. A cross-sectional study of an elderly population in Cikoko Regency in December 2014 was conducted to evaluate the association between serum vitamin E levels and cognitive function in elderly. Correlation between intakes of vitamin C and E as well as Body Mass Index to the MoCA-Ina scores were also investigated. Fifty four elderly were included in the study and interviewed for their vitamins intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ). Cognitive function was examined by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina). Levels of vitamin E serum were assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. The majority of the subjects were female (75.9%) with median age 65 years old. While, the median levels of vitamin E was 21.55 μmol/L. The result of this study showed that there was no association between vitamin E level and MoCA-Ina scores. Although normal weight to obese I was significantly associated with cognitive scores (r = 0,17 p = 0.026), no significant correlation between vitamin C intake and cognitive function scores (r = 0.19 p = 0.15) or between vitamin E intake and MoCA-Ina scores were found in this study (r = 0.04, p = 0.72). In conclusion, there is no association between vitamin E serum and cognitive function.]"

"Tujuan : Mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin C plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma berdasarkan gradasi merokokTempat : PT. NATIONAL GOBEL - Cimanggis - Jawa Barat.Metodologi : Studi korelasi, pada 108 orang laki-laki berusia 20 - 55 tahun, perokok dan bukan perokok, yang terpilih secara simple random sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data umnm, kebiasaan mcrokok, konsumsi suplemen vitamin C, asupan makanan serta kadar vitamin C plasma dan MDA plasma.Hasil : Kebiasaan merokok terdapat pada 45.4% subyek penelitian. Berdasarkan Indeks Brinkman, 37,1% termasuk perokok ringan, 8,3% perokok sedang dan tidak didapatkan perokok berat. Nilai median kadar vitamin C plasma 0.51( ,04 - 1.36 ) mg/dl dan nilai median kadar MDA plasma 0,63 ( 0,22 - 4,74 ) nmol/ml. Didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara asupan energi, protein, serat, merokok dan konsumsi suplemen vitamin C dengan kadar vitamin C plasma serta hubungan bermakna antara konsumsi suplemen vitamin C dengan kadar MDA plasma. Didapatkan korelasi negatif antara kadar vitamin C plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma pada bukan perokok, perokok ringan dan perokok sedang namun korelasi tersebut tidak bermakna ( r-0,014; p=0,916; r--0,170; p=0,295; 1=a-0,317; Korelasi negatif, kuat dan bermakna antara kadar vitamin C plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma didapatkan pada perokok yang mengkonsumsi suplemen vitamin C (r=-0,943; p = 0,005 ).Kesimpulan : Didapatkan korelasi negatif antara kadar vitamin C plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma berdasarkan gradasi merokok, namun korelasi tersebut tidak bermakna. Walaupun tidak bermakna, ada kecenderungan korelasi semakin menguat sesuai peningkatan gradasi merokok. Korelasi negatif, kuat dan bermakna antara kadar vitamin C plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma didapatkan pada perokok yang mengkonsumsi suplemen vitamin C.

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Objective: To identify the correlation between plasma level of vitamin C and plasma level of MDA based on smoking gradation.

Place : PT. National Gabel - Cimanggis - Bogor.

Methods : The simple random sampling was used for correlation study of 108 subjects, smokers and non smokers, age between 20 - 55 years. Data collections including: general data, smoking habit, consumption of vitamin C supplement, food intake and plasma level of vitamin C and MDA.

Result : The smokers found a total of 45.4% of the subjects. Using Brinkman's index, the gradation of light smokers were 37.1%, moderate smokers were 82% and there was no heavy smoker. Median value of vitamin C level in plasma was 0.51(0.04 - 1.36) mg/dl and for MDA level in plasma was 0.63 (0.22 -- 4,74) nmol/ml. Significant relationship was found between energy intake, protein, fiber, smoking habit and consumption of vitamin C supplement with plasma level of vitamin C. Significant relationship was found between consumption of vitamin C supplement with plasma level of MDA. Negative correlation was found between plasma level of vitamin C with plasma level of MDA of non smokers, light smokers and moderate smokers but not significant ( r -0.014, p=0.15; r=-0.170, p:'J.295; r=-0.317,p=0406). Smokers who consumed vitamin C supplement was found a negative, strong and significant correlation between plasma level of vitamin C and plasma level of' MDA( r = - 0.943, p = 0.005 ).

Conclusion : Negative correlation was found between plasma level of vitamin C and plasma level of MDA based on smoking gradation, but not significant. Although not significant, there was a tendency of stronger correlation if smoking gradation increase. Smokers who consumed vitamin C supplement was found a negative, strong and significant correlation between plasma level of vitamin C and plasma level of MDA."

"Dengan Vitamin E 200 mg Terhadap Penurunan Stres Oksidatif Dan Peningkatan Antioksidan Pada Teknisi Awaak Pesawat Terbang Militer. Stres oksidatif merupakan kondisi patologis tubuh yang disebabkan oleh terjadinya ketidakseimbangan antara oksidan dengan antioksidan tubuh, yang menghasilkan radikal bebas yang dapat mengakibatkan kerusakan sel secara dini. Radikal bebas akan berikatan bahan penyusun sel meliputi lemak, protein dan DNA akibatnya sel mengalami kerusakan, sehingga sel tidak dapat beregenerasi yang berdampak timbulnya penyakit degeneratif. Teknisi awak pesawat terbang militer sebagai personel khusus dalam melakukan pekerjaan bersinggungan langsung dengan bahan-bahan oksidan, sehingga berisiko tinggi mengalami stres oksidatif. Vitamin C dan vitamin E merupakan antioksidan non enzim dari luar luar tubuh yang memiliki peran menghambat stres oksidatif, sehingga stres oksidatif tidak terjadi. Desain penelitian studi eksperimental dengan intervensi (intervention study) dengan randomized double blind controled trial. Besar sampel 206 orang terbagi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi besar sampel 103 orang diberikan suplemen kombinasi vitamin C 500 mg dengan vitamin E 200 mg dan kelompok kontrol besar sampel 103 orang diberikan placebo selama 40 hari tanpa putus. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden, pola dan jumlah konsumsi vitamin C, vitamin E dan nutrien makanan, yang diperoleh dari food frequecy questionnaire (FFQ) dan 24 jam recall, pemeriksaan stres oksidatif berdasarkan pemeriksaan kadar malondialdehyde (MDA) dan antioksidan berdasarkan pemeriksaan kadar glutathione (GSH) dalam serum darah pada pre dan post intervensi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadi penurunan stres oksidatif pada kelompok yang mendapatkan suplemen kombinasi vitamin C 500 mg dengan vitamin E 200 mg dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yang mendapatkan placebo, secara bermakna dengan p value 0,04 dengan besar efek - 0,089 nmol/mL, selang kepercayaan 95% (-0,17875 – 0,00095). Tidak terjadi peningkatan antioksidan pada kelompok yang mendapatkan suplemen kombinasi vitamin C 500 mg dengan vitamin E 200 mg dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yang mendapatkan placebo, secara tidak bermakna dengan p value 0,81 dengan besar efek -0,019 ug/mL, selang kepercayaan 95% (-0,140 – 0,180). Kata kunci : Suplemen Kombinasi Vitamin C dan Vitamin E, Stres Oksidatif, Antioksidan, Teknisi Awak Pesawat Terbang Milite

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500 mg with Vitamin E 200 mg to Decrease Oxidative Stress and Increase Antioxidant on Technician Crew Military Aircraft. Oxidative stress is pathological condition body that is caused by imbalance between oxidants with antioxidants body, which produces free radicals that can lead cell damage early. Free radical will bind building blocks cell covering of fat, protein and DNA will result damage cell, so cell can not regenerate that affect onset of degenerative diseases. Technicians crew military aircraft as specialized personnel with activity job direct contact with material oxidant, thus high risk of oxidative stress. Vitamin C and vitamin E are antioxidant enzyme exogen outside body which has role inhibiting oxidative stress, so oxidative stress does not occur. The design study experimental studies with intervention randomized double blind controled trial. Sample size 206 people divided into two groups are intervention group with sample size 103 people are given supplements combination vitamin C 500 mg with vitamin E 200 mg and control group with sample size 103 people are given placebo for 40 days without break. Data collected include are characteristics of respondent, pattern and amount of consumption of vitamin C, vitamin E and nutrient food, derived from food frequecy questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour recall, examination of oxidative stress by checking levels malondialdehyde (MDA) and examination of antioxidant by checking levels glutathione (GSH) in blood serum in pre and post intervention. The results showed decrease oxidative stress in group intervention who are received suplement combination vitamin C 500 mg with vitamin E 200 mg compared with control group who are received placebo, are significant with p value 0.04 with effects size -0.089 nmol/mL, confidence interval 95 % (-0.17875 - 0.00095). No increase antioxidants in group intervention who are received supplement combination vitamin C 500 mg with vitamin E 200 mg compared with control group who are received placebo, are not significant with p value 0.81 with effects size -0.019 ug/mL, 95% confidence interval ( -0.140 - 0.180)."

"Latar Belakang. Pasien yang mengalami sepsis dan syok sepsis akan mengalami disfungsi organ akibat reaksi radikal bebas dengan sel endotel mikrovaskular sehingga menyebabkan tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitas yang cukup tinggi. Kondisi difungsi organ dapat diukur melalui perubahan kadar Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), dan skor Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) yang terjadi pada pasien-pasien tersebut. Pemberian asam askorbat yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai free radical scavenging, diharapkan dapat menurunkan proses peradangan atau inflamasi sehingga terjadi perbaikan fungsi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pemberian asam askorbat 6 gram secara intravena terhadap perubahan kadar IL-6, CRP, dan skor SOFA pada pasien sepsis dan syok sepsis di ruang perawatan intensif.Metodologi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis dengan desain uji acak terkontrol, tersamar tunggal yang dilakukan terhadap pasien usia 18-65 tahun dengan diagnosis sepsis atau syok sepsis dalam perawatan 24 jam pertama masuk intensive care unit (ICU) RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo-Jakarta dan ICU RSUP H. Adam Malik-Medan sejak bulan Juli sampai dengan Desember 2019. Sebanyak 49 subyek dirandomisasi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan (n=23), yang menerima vitamin C 1,5 gram per 6 jam selama 3 hari, dan kelompok kontrol (n=26), yang tidak menerima vitamin C tersebut. Pemeriksaan kadar IL-6, kadar CRP, dan skor SOFA dilakukan pada jam ke-24, 48, dan 72.Hasil. Tidak terdapat perubahan bermakna pada kadar IL-6 (P=0,423), CRP (P=0,080), dan skor SOFA (P=0,809) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan.Kesimpulan. Pemberian asam askorbat 6 gram secara intravena tidak memberikan perubahan bermakna terhadap kadar IL-6, CRP, dan skor SOFA pada pasien sepsis dan syok sepsis di ruang perawatan intensif.

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Background. Septic and septic shock patients will have organ dysfunctions due to free radical reaction with microvacular endothelial cells, thus morbidity and mortality rate will increase in these conditions. Those organ dysfunctions can be measured through the changes of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. The administration of ascorbic acid has a feature known as free radical scavenging. The feature is expected to reduce the inflammatory rate in the organs and to improve the functions. This study was aimed to analyze the intravenous administration effect of 6 grams of ascorbic acid towards the changes of Interleukin-6 levels, C-Reactive Protein levels, and SOFA scores in septic and septic shock patients in intensive care unit

Methods. This was a single blind randomized controlled clinical trial study on patients aged 18-65 years old with septic and septic shock conditions in the first 24 hour care in intensive care unit (ICU) Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital-Jakarta and H. Adam Malik Hospital-Medan from July to December 2019. In total, 49 subjects were included in the study and randomized into two groups. Intervetion group (n=23) received 1.5 gram/6 hours of vitamin C in three days consecutively, whereas the control group (n=26) did not receive the vitamin C. Measurements of IL-6 levels, CRP levels, and SOFA scores were performed in the 24th, 48th, and 72th hour.

Results. There were no significant changes of IL-6 levels (p=0.423), CRP levels (p=0.080), and SOFA scores (p=0.809) between the two groups.

Conclusion. The intravenous administration of 6 grams of ascorbic acid did not significantly affect the changes of Interleukin-6 levels, C-Reactive Protein levels, and SOFA scores in septic and septic shock patients in intensive care unit."