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"Observation and ecology documents that transformation, exploring how scientists and researchers are expanding their methodological toolbox to incorporate an array of new and reexamined observational approaches-from traditional ecological knowledge to animal-borne sensors to genomic and remote-sensing technologies-to track, study, and understand current environmental problems and their implications."

"During three months period observations (November 16 to January 13, 2001) in coral reefs of Pramuka IslandIndonesia, the nudibranch Phyllidia varicosa was observed while feeding on the sponge Axinyssa cf. aculeata. Duringfeeding, P. varicosa extended externally the pharyngeal bulb onto the sponge causing visible somatic damage. Thebehaviors of contracting the body and retracting the rhinopores inside the rhinotube were also observed while feeding.Observations on the feeding of Phyllidia varicosa on the sponge Axinyssa cf. aculeata and the presence of a visiblesomatic damage on the prey due to predation are reported for the first time."

"ABSTRAKKondisi cuaca merupakan faktor yang signifikan untuk berbagai sektor seperti keselamatan transportasi, pembangunan, kesehatan dan lain-lain oleh karena itu dibutuhkan akurasi yang tinggi dalam melakukan peramalan keadaan cuaca kedepannya. Banyak cara yang digunakan untuk memprakirakan kondisi cuaca, seiring berkembangnya teknologi, prakiraan Hujan dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknologi Artificial Intelligence (AI) atau kecerdasan buatan sehingga hasil yang diperoleh lebih optimal. Dalam penelitian ini, jaringan saraf tiruan yang digunakan memiliki algoritma feedforward neural network dengan data pelatihan berupa suhu, tekanan udara, kelembaban udara, titik embun, kecepatan angin tiap 3 (tiga) jam di Stasiun pengamatan BMKG di Jawa Timur dari tahun 2019 dengan target adalah intensitas curah hujan. Data pelatihan dilakukan pada periode 1 Januari 2019 sampai 28 Februari 2019 dan selanjutnya, data diuji pada periode 1 sampai 31 Maret 2019. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, model Jaringan Saraf Tiruan memiliki performa yang cukup baik dalam prakiraan intensitas curah hujan di Jawa Timur. Model terbaik ditunjukkan oleh model dengan arsitektur 7-60-1 dengan tingkat korelasi yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,87 dengan nilai error sebesar -0.03 serta akurasi 76 persen dengan lokasi penelitian di Stasiun Meteorologi Bawean. Dengan adanya model ini, diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu pertimbangan forecaster dalam membuat prakiraan hujan khususnya prakiraan jangka pendek dengan interval tiap 3 (tiga) jam.

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ABSTRACTWeather conditions are a significant factor for various sectors such as transportation safety, development, health, etc. Therefore, high accuracy is needed in forecasting future weather conditions. Many methods are used to predict weather conditions, as technology develops, Rain forecast can be made using Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology so that the results obtained are more optimal. In this study, the artificial neural network used has a feedforward neural network algorithm with training data in the form of temperature, air pressure, humidity, dew point, wind speed every 3 (three) hours at the BMKG observation station in East Java from 2019 with the target being rainfall intensity. The training data was conducted in the period January 1 2019 to February 28 2019 and subsequently, the data were tested in the period 1 to 31 March 2019. Based on the results of the analysis, the Artificial Neural Network model performed reasonably well in the forecast of rainfall intensity in East Java. The best model is shown by a model with 7-60-1 architecture with a resulting correlation level of 0,87 with an error value of -0.03 and an accuracy of 76 percent with the research location at the Bawean Meteorological Station. With this model, it is expected to become one of the forecaster considerations in making rain forecasts, especially short-term forecasts at intervals of every 3 (three) hours."

"Dugaan keberadaan 400 candi berdasarkan catatan Thomas Stamford Raffles dan banyaknya penemuan fragmen-fragmen dari zaman Hindu-Buddha, memberi kesan misterius pada Dataran Tinggi Dieng. Penelitian ini merupakan upaya dalam merangkai kembali narasi sejarah Dieng melalui salah satu tinggalan arkeologisnya yaitu Situs Ondho Budha. Sebagai situs yang sudah ditetapkan oleh BPCB pada tahun 2019, Situs Ondho Budha memiliki makna penting. Pemaknaan tersebut dapat dilihat melalui sisi religius kehinduan yang meliputi kawasan Dataran Tinggi Dieng dan menemukan korelasi antara karakteristik Situs Ondho Budha dengan konsep-konsep dalam ajaran agama Hindu seperti konsep axis mundi dan Gunung Mahameru, konsep Triloka, dan konsep Catur Purusa Artha. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Situs Ondho Budha berfungsi sebagai simbol perjalanan spiritual menuju moksha, yang hanya dilalui oleh individu dengan kesadaran spiritual tinggi, seperti kerabat kerajaan pada masa Hindu-Buddha. Temuan di sekitar Situs Ondho Budha juga menunjukkan adanya persebaran situs kepurbakalaan yang saling berasosiasi, mendukung teori bahwa Dataran Tinggi Dieng adalah kawasan sakral pada masa itu. Hasil penelitian ini menawarkan kebaruan dalam memahami fungsi dan makna religius Situs Ondho Budha dalam konteks religiusitas Hindu.

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The hypothesis of the existence of 400 temples, based on records by Thomas Stamford Raffles and the numerous discoveries of fragments from the Hindu-Buddhist era, lends an air of mystery to the Dieng Plateau. This research endeavors to reconstruct the historical narrative of Dieng through one of its archaeological relics, the Ondho Budha Site. Officially recognized by the Cultural Heritage Preservation Agency (BPCB) in 2019, the Ondho Budha Site holds significant meaning. This significance is evident through the Hindu religious perspective encompassing the Dieng Plateau area, revealing correlations between the characteristics of the Ondho Budha Site and Hindu religious concepts such as the axis mundi and Mount Mahameru, the Triloka concept, and the Catur Purusa Artha concept. The study finds that the Ondho Budha Site serves as a symbol of spiritual ascent toward moksha, a path traversed only by individuals with heightened spiritual awareness, such as members of the royal family during the Hindu-Buddhist era. Findings around the Ondho Budha Site also indicate the dispersion of interrelated archaeological sites, supporting the theory that the Dieng Plateau was a sacred area in that period. This research provides new insights into the function and religious significance of the Ondho Budha Site within the context of Hindu religiosity."