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"This volume introduces a variety of viable electrochemical methods to identify reaction mechanisms and evaluate relevant kinetic properties of insertion electrodes. The authors also outline various ways to analyze anomalous behaviour of hydrogen/lithium transport through insertion electrodes. "

"Li4Ti5O12 lithium titanate disintesis menggunakan metode sol-gel dan hidrotermal dengan memakai sumber ion lithium LiOH. Anoda komposit Li4Ti5O12/Sn dipreparasi menggunakan metode ball mill dengan 3 variasi Sn. XRD menunjukkan fasa spinel, TiO2, dan Sn. SEM memperlihatkan bahwa partikel Li4Ti5O12 memiliki ukuran berkisar 20-50 ?m dan ukuran partikel Sn berkisar 2-70 ?m. Nilai hambatan elektrolit terendah didapatkan pada kadar Sn terbesar. Peningkatan kadar Sn dapat meningkatkan kapasitas spesifik dari baterai pada uji CV. Reaksi alloying dan dealloying LixSn mengakomodasi peningkatan kapasitas spesifik pada C/D. Namun, volume ekspansi dari LixSn menyebabkan hilangnya kapasitas saat C rate meningkat. Kapasitas terbesar pada laju charge/discharge rendah dan tinggi didapatkan pada kadar Sn terbesar.

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Li4Ti5O12 lithium titanate were synthesized by sol gel and hydrothermal method with LiOH as lithium ion source. Li4Ti5O12 Sn composites anode were preparared by ball mill method with three of Sn variation. XRD shows spinel, TiO2, and Sn phases. SEM shows that Li4Ti5O12 particles are around 20 50 m size and Sn particles are around 2 70 m size. The lowest electrolyte resistance obtained at the highest Sn value. With the increasing Sn value, the specific capacity of battery can be increased from CV. Alloying and dealloying reaction of LixSn accomodate the increased specific capacity from C D. However, volume expansion from LixSn leads to loss of capacity when the C rate increases. The capacity at low and high charge discharge rate obtained at the highest Sn value. "

"Influences of fluorine containing compounds TiF4 and ZrF4 on hydrogen sorption properties of LiBH4 have been investigated. Thermovolumetric measurements, titration, and XRD technique were used to characterize the samples. The results demonstrated a pronounced beneficial effect of both ZrF4 and TiF4 on the sorption properties of modified LiBH4. After hydrogenation at 400°C and 80 bar, formation of modified LiBH4 was observed as a consequence of F dissolution in LiH (LiH1-zFz). Adding TiF4 and ZrF4 to LiBH4 has been found to modify both thermodynamic and kinetic properties."

"Influences of fluorine containing compounds TiF4and ZrF4 on hydrogen sorption properties ofLiBH4 have been investigated. Thermovolumetric measurements, titration, and XRD techniquewere used to characterize the samples. The results demonstrated a pronounced beneficial effectof both ZrF4 and TiF4on the sorption properties of modified LiBH4. After hydrogenation at400°C and 80 bar, formation of modified LiBH4was observed as a consequence of F dissolution in LiH (LiH1-zFz). Adding TiF4 and ZrF4 to LiBH4 has been found to modify boththermodynamic and kinetic properties."