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"This empirical study is conducted by combining financial and non financial aspects to understand the IPO's underpricing determinant at the BEI manifested in the significant test of the underwriter's reputation, issued shares, company size, NPM, and the IHSG performance towards the initial return of IPO's of 77 companies gone public at the BEI 2011-2013."

"Ritter and Welch (2002) explain there are two types of IPO firms, namely higher quality firms and lower quality firms. This research propose the third type, namely bad IPO firms which manipulate and force IPO underpricing. Bad IPO firms are subset of lower quality IPO firms that force false signal as higher quality firms. The false signal was hidden by managing post-IPO trading. Trading management are indirectly funded by using balance sheet cash. Hypothesis testing with the empirical model 1 was to confirm the role of CashRatio as the moderating variable that interact DER to affect IPO underpricing which originally was not. The findings support the predictions that interactive variable DER*CashRatio affect IPO underpricing. A managed trading had a non negative profits constraint so that selective post-IPO trading was conducted to cause trading imbalance observable as skewed trading volume (Skewness). Subsequent tests with the empirical model 2 was to confirm the role of Skewness as the moderating variable that interact VolRatio to affect post-IPO stock return (RGM) which originally was not. The findings support the predictions that interactive variable LnVolRatio*Skew affect RGM. Both findings confirm this research predictions on the possibility of manipulated IPO trading in Indonesia IPO 2009-2012."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan. Tujuan pertama adalah menentukan Betasebagai indikator dad Resiko bisnis. Dan tujuan kedua adalah menganalisis secara crosssection linier regresi antara beta tersebut dengan beberapa variable independent seperti ;Operating Leverage, Financial Leverage, Firm Size, dan Cyclicality.Dalam penelitian ini penulis mencoba untuk mengamati atau melakukanpenelitian mcngcnai hubungan antara faktor fimdamental perusahaan dalam hal iniOperating Leverage, Financial Leverage, Firm Size, dan Cyclicaliqy, terhadap Beta.Pengamaian dilakukan terhadap saham-sallam yang trdapat di Indeks LQ 45 dalamkurun waktu 1998 sampai dengan 2002.Dari hasil pengujian dengan menggunakan Pearson Correlation dan modelregresi linier berganda menunjukkan bahwa basil yang ditunjukkan tidaklah stabil dariwaktu ke wakm. Hal ini menunjuldcan adanya faktor-faktor lain yang mempengamhi Betaselain variable-variabel fundamental seperti yang pennlis sebutkan diatas.Hasil dari penelitian ini dapal dikatakan bahwa variable Firm Size dan C)»cIica1i!yyang mernpunyai pengaruh signilikan dalam kurun waktu 1998 sampai dengan 2002.Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa Operating Leverage dan Financial Leverage kurangmempengaruhi Risiko bisnis dari penmhaan yang berada pada Indeks LQ 45.

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ABSTRACTThis research has two objectives. The lirst objective is to analyze whether theBeta reflects as indicators of business risk. 'I`he second objective is analyzed by usingcross sectional liner regression between Beta and some independent variable, such as:Operating Leverage, Financial Leverage, Firm Size, and Cyclicality.ln this research, the author tried to observe about the relationship betweenfundamental factors of company and Beta as indicator of Business Risk. The Subject ofobservation are stocks of companies at LQ 45 Indices around 1998 until 2002.The results of the partial test using Pearson Correlation and Multiple Correlationmodel indicates that the results is unstable from year by year. This result indicates thatthere are the other factors could influence Beta beside Fundamental factors.Result of this research can be said that Firm Size variable and of Cyclicalityhaving influence isn't it in range of time 1998 up to 2002. This matter indicate thatOperating Leverage and of Financial Leverage less influence Risk business of company.

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"Studi pada karakteristik risiko dan return telah mendapat perhatian yang besar. Beberapa studi pada literatur keuangan perusahaan telah menguji apakah risiko default memiliki pengaruh terhadap return saham perusahaan, akan tetapi hasilnya seringkali bervariasi dan menjadi perdebatan. Penelitian terdahulu memperoleh hasil empiris yang bervariasi karena mengacu pada indikator risiko default dan sample dari pasar ekuitas yang berbeda. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh risiko default terhadap pengembalian ekuitas menggunakan data yang diambil dari perusahaan-perusahaan non-keuangan pada Indeks Harga Saham Gabungan (IHSG) di Indonesia untuk periode penelitian 2008-2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan model Merton (1974) seperti yang dilakukan Vassalou & Xing (2004) untuk membangun proxy dari risiko default. Kelebihan dari model ini adalah mempertimbangkan volatilitas pada asset perusahaan dalam mengestimasi risiko default. Dengan metode ini, perusahaan dapat memiliki tingkat ekuitas dan hutang yang serupa, namun bisa saja memiliki probabilitas default yang sangat berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa risiko default memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan pada pengembalian ekuitas.

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The study of the characteristics of risk and return has received great attention. Several studies in finance literature have tested whether default risk has an influence on company's stock returns, but the results are often conflicting. Previous research derive varying empirical results because they refer to default risk indicators and samples from different equity markets.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of default risk on stock return using data taken from non-financial companies on the Indonesia Composite Index (IDX Composite) in Indonesia for the 2008-2017 research period.

This study uses Merton (1974) model as done by Vassalou & Xing (2004) to build a proxy for the risk of default. The advantage of this model that it considers the volatility of company's assets in estimating default risk. Companies can have similar levels of equity and debt, but possibly have very different default probabilities. The results of the study show that default risk has a positive and significant effect on equity returns."

"This paper studies the impact of the stock market continuity on the returns volatility and on themarket efficiency in the Casablanca Stock Exchange. For the most active stocks, the trading mechanismused is the continuous market which is preceded by a call market pre opening session. Resultsobtained concerning return volatility and efficiency under the two trading mechanisms show that thecontinuous market returns are more volatile than the call market returns and 50% of stocks studiedshow independence between variations."

"In this paper, we analyze the empirical relationship between stock return and trading volumebased on stock market cycles. Using daily data for Jakarta Composite Index (JCI) closing price andtrading volume from 2010 to 2014, we identify the bull and bear phases, then we analyze the return–volume relationship in both contemporaneous and dynamic context. We find that (1) there is a positivecontemporaneous return–volume relationship in both bull and bear markets, which is only significantin bull markets; (2) no evidence of asymmetry in contemporaneous relationship is found; and (3)there exists a positive unidirectional causality from stock return to trading volume. Our research hastwo implications. First, in the bull market, overconfidence may grow with long-lasting past successand there is also momentum or positive feedback trading. Second, stock return is able to forecasttrading volume. In addition, our findings are robust for different sample period and data frequency."

"This paper investigated the impact of seasoned equity offerings (SEO) on stock return of listedcompanies in Ho Chi Minh City market using the method “event study” which has been basicallyformed by Campbell, Lo, and MacKinlay (1997). The sample includes 332 SEOs from 2007 to 2010.The main findings show evidence that the Ho Chi Minh City market was not efficient in terms of thesemi-strong form because the price has increased significantly on the ex-right date, day 0. In an oppositeway, the market also reacted significantly negatively from T-4 to T-2. There are some significantimpacts of timing on issue methods – equity right issues were in priority for favorable time and issuesas “dividend by stocks” were chosen during unfavorable time."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini didorong oleh adanya defisit neraca transaksi berjalan di Indonesia yang telah berlangsung sejak 2011Q4 sampai dengan sekarang Apabila defisit ini tidak segera diatasi maka dikhawatirkan akan terkena krisis seperti yang telah dialami negara lain sebelumnya Oleh karenanya setiap negara menginginkan agar defisit neraca transaksi berjalannya tidak persisten dan tetap sustainable dalam membiayai kegiatan perekonomian negara Persistensi dijelaskan melalui uji unit root sedangkan sustainabilitas dijelaskan melalui uji kointegrasi Autoregressive Distributed Lag ARDL Hasilnya persistensi neraca transaksi berjalan hanya terjadi pasca krisis Eropa dan neraca transaksi berjalan Indonesia berada dalam kondisi unsustainable

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ABSTRACTThis research has been encouraged by current account deficit in Indonesia since 2011Q4 until now If this deficit wasn rsquo t solved Crisis can come suddently So every country is willing to deficit current account wasn rsquo t persistent and still sustainable Persistent is explaned by unit root test and sustainability is explaned by Autoregressive Distributed Lag ARDL The result of this research is current account deficit only persistent after europian crisis and current account Indonesia under unsustainable condition "

"The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of good corporate governance mechanismabout earnings management in companies listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2006 to2010. The independent variables include the size of commissioner board, independent commissionerboard percentage, size of audit committee, and commissioner meeting frequency. The dependent variableis earnings management which is measured by discretionary revenue model (Stubben, 2010).Size of company is used as the control variable in this research. The population of this research is465 samples from companies listed at Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2006 to 2010. The samplingmethod used in this research is purposive sampling method. In addition, the data analysis methodused is regression analysis and descriptive statistics. The result of this research indicates that themechanism of good corporate governance which is represented by the size of commissioner board,independent commissioner board percentage, size of audit committee, and commissioner meeting frequencydo not have any significant impact on earnings management. However, the result shows thatcompany size gave positive influence toward earning management."