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"Separation and purification of yttrium from several rare earth elements available in rare earth mineral xenotime employing combined separation methods. In this study, rare earth mixtures and reagent grade synthetic materials were used instead of actual origin xenotime mineral samples. The concentration ration of each rare earth in the mixture was proportional to that of the rare earth mineral xenotime found on Bangka Island. Crystals of yytrium with a purity of 99,9% were obtained which indicates a successful separation of yttrium from the rare earth elements."

"Masalah dalam penentuan berapa lama suatu lapangan hidrokarbon dapat beroperasi menjadi hal utama yang sulit ditentukan berdasarkan data interpretasi lapangan sebelum dilakukanya pengeboran Hal ini diakibatkan oleh ketidakpastian akan pengaruh luar terhadap reservoar tersebut Untuk menggambarkan kondisi lapangan setelah diproduksi maka perlu dilakukannya simulasi Hasil simulasi menyatakan bahwa lapangan X memiliki kemungkinan produksi hingga tahun 2015 dengan total produksi sebesar 3 927 830 2 barrel dengan pengaruh dorongan akuifer bervolume 500 000 dan indeks produksi 5 000 setelah mencocokkan data sejarah produksi dengan data simulasi pada januari 2011 hingga januari 2013 Penerapan Perolehan Kedua SR seperti injeksi kimia harus sudah dilakukan sebelum tahun 2015 karena pengaruh dorongan dari akuifer tidak dapat membantu bergeraknya hidrokarbon ke permukaan.

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Determining how long a hydrocarbon field can operate becomes the main thing because it was difficult to determine based on the interpretation of the data field before production This is caused by the uncertainty of external influence on the reservoir To describe the condition of the field after being produced it is necessary to do simulations The simulations show that the field X has the possibility of production until 2015 with a total production amounted to 3 927 830 2 barrels with aquifer drive volume 500 000 and the production index of 5000 The simulation based on history matching of production data with simulation data in January 2011 until January 2013 Application of Second Recovery SR such as chemical injection had been done before 2015 because of the drive influence from the aquifer no longer help the movement of hydrocarbons to the surface."

"This dissertation discusses about the tin mining in Bangka community in Penagan village, Province of Bangka-Belitung Islands, particularly on relations of strength in the activity structure of tin mining performed by the miners (individuals or groups) in organizing the control, exploitation, management and distribution of the resources in the area. Tin mining activities performed by Bangka people in Penagan is called TI forming inseparable part of Bangka people life. In these activities, the miners are connected in the context of relation of power based on the strength of each miner. The relation of strength and powers is not only demonstrated by the statue and role between Boss and subordinates in TI activities but also among TI with other miners interested in tin resources.In this dissertation, i will show the relation of power in the social structure being the function of mutual relations of strength among the miners based on the capabilities and capacity of each miner in such structure. The powers of each miner includes capital and symbols of relaionship regularly reproduced to strengthen the existing relation. Mutual relation is functionally empowered by the miners to maximize the economic benefit from available resources in the walks of life of the ccommunity. Tin mining structure is a siymbiotic and mutual cooperation network (mutual and profit exchange) primarily among the miners based on economic benefit of tin resource, where the fund will then become collective standard of the miners and business groups. The strength held by each miner in the context of tin resources control and tin mining activities indicate no dualism of the strength of the miner binding of free. In term of mining context, the existing strength is independent or binding. There is no miner who can directly control by the power it owns in tin mining activities. This is attributable to the fact that tin, as a resource in social system of tin mining is considered as collective resources.Research methodology used in this dissertation is qualitative research method with observation technique and in-depth interview. Specifically, it uses ethnography method resulth in deep and holistic examination on tin mining performed by Bangka community in Penagan. The period of data collection began from the early 2005 until August 2006. I use the approach referring to the relations of power and strength among the miners in the tin mining structure which includes control, management and organizing of tin resources. The relation of powers among the miners is based upon the strength of the miners to influence and or to control other miners."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai Pengaturan Hak Penguasaan Negara Atas Pertambangan dalam meningkatkan penerimaan negara bukan pajak dan mengambil kasus pada pertambangan timah Pulau Bangka. Pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaturan pertambangan pada umumnya di Indonesia, pengaturan pertambangan timah di Pulau Bangka pada khususnya dan analisa yuridis terhadap pertambangan timah di Pulau Bangka tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum yuridis normatif, dengan metode pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk keterlibatan negara dalam pengelolaan sumber daya mineral ada tiga, yaitu pengaturan (regulasi), pengusahaan (mengurus) dan pengawasan. Aspek pengaturan merupakan hak mutlak bagi negara dan merupakan aspek yang paling utama yang diperankan negara diantara aspek lainnya. Selain itu dalam pengaturan pertambangan timah Pulau Bangka dari segi penerimaan negara khususnya penerimaan negara bukan pajak sudah tidak sesuai lagi dengan ketentuan perundang-undangan tentang penerimaan negara bukan pajak.

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This thesis discusses the right setting up state control of mining in increasing Non-Tax Revenues and take the case of tin mining on Bangka Island. The subject matter is the regulation of mining in Indonesia, the regulation of the tin mining on Bangka Island in particular and juridicial analysis of the mining of tin in Bangka Island. The research method used is the juridical normative legal research, the method of approach to the literary study.

This study concluded that the form of state involvement in the management of mineral resources, there are three, namely regulation, exploitation and supervision. Aspect of regulation is an absolute right for the country and is the most important aspects of the state played between other aspects. Also in the island of Bangka tin mining regulation in term of state revenues, especially non-tax revenues are no longer in accordance with the provisions of the legislation on state revenues."

"Industri pertambangan merupakan salah satu sektor pekerjaan paling berbahaya di dunia karena memiliki tingkat kecelakaan kerja yang tinggi, terutama kecelakaan fatal. Dalam 23 tahun terakhir, industri pertambangan mencatat 30.327 kecelakaan, dengan 357 berakhir dengan kematian pekerja. Machine learning dapat digunakan untuk memecahkan permasalahan dunia nyata yang kompleks, termasuk klasifikasi derajat cedera akibat kecelakaan kerja di industri pertambangan bawah tanah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode machine learning Whale Optimization Algorithm Support Vector Machine (WOA-SVM), dengan Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) berperan sebagai optimizer untuk parameter model Support Vector Machine (SVM). Derajat cedera dibagi menjadi tiga kelas berdasarkan pengaruhnya terhadap produktivitas pekerja, yaitu no days away from work (NDAFW), days away from work (DAFW), dan disability or fatality (DF). Data yang digunakan berasal dari Mine Safety and Health Organization milik pemerintah Amerika Serikat sebanyak 28.520 kejadian kecelakaan dalam rentang 1 Januari 2000 hingga 31 Desember 2023. Sebelum mengimplementasikan model machine learning, dilakukan data preprocessing yang meliputi pembersihan data, transformasi data, sampling data, encoding data, penyeimbangan data, dan seleksi fitur. Kinerja model WOA-SVM dievaluasi menggunakan metrik akurasi, presisi, recall, dan F1-score dengan berbagai proporsi splitting data train dari 50% hingga 90%, serta mempertimbangkan waktu komputasi. Setelah itu dilakukan komparasi model WOA-SVM dengan model SVM tanpa optimisasi. Hasil komparasi menunjukkan bahwa model WOA-SVM lebih unggul dibandingkan model SVM, dengan keunggulan pada metrik konfusi, akurasi, presisi, recall, F1-score, serta memiliki waktu komputasi yang lebih cepat. Model WOA- ix Universitas Indonesia SVM memiliki nilai akurasi, presisi, recall, dan F1-score tertinggi pada proporsi 70:30, masing-masing sebesar 82,4153 %, 82,1255%, 82,4153%, dan 82,0812%.

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The mining industry is one of the most dangerous employment sectors in the world due to its high rate of workplace accidents, particularly fatal ones. Over the past 23 years, the mining industry has recorded 30,327 accidents, with 357 resulting in worker fatalities. Machine learning can be employed to address complex real-world problems, including the classification of injury severity resulting from workplace accidents in the underground mining industry. This study utilizes the Whale Optimization Algorithm Support Vector Machine (WOA-SVM) method, with the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) acting as an optimizer for the parameters of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model. The severity of injuries is divided into three classes based on their impact on worker productivity: no days away from work (NDAFW), days away from work (DAFW), and disability or fatality (DF). The data used comes from the Mine Safety and Health Organization's, managed by the U.S. government, encompassing 28,520 accident incidents from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2023. Before implementing the machine learning model, data preprocessing was conducted, including data cleaning, data transformation, data sampling, data encoding, data balancing, and feature selection. The performance of the WOA-SVM model was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics with various train data splitting proportions ranging from 50% to 90%, while also considering computational time. A comparison was then made between the WOA-SVM model and the non-optimized SVM model. The comparison results indicated that the WOA-SVM model outperformed the SVM model, with superiority in confusion metrics, accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and having the fastest computational time. The WOA-SVM model has the highest accuracy, precision, recall, xi Universitas Indonesia and F1-score values at a 70:30 ratio, which are 82.4153%, 82.1255%, 82.4153%, and 82.0812%, respectively."

"Evaluasi terhadap pengusahaan pertambangan hatuhara arialab untuk mengetahui perkembangan penyelenggaraan usaha pertambangan uatubara di Indonesia. Hal ini dilakukan guna mendapatkan gambaran atas pasang-surutnya industri pertambangan batubara dalam rangka pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah.Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah akan memberikan kewenangan yang lebih luas kepada Pemerintah Kabupaten/Kota, yang lebih terbatas kepada Pemerintah Propinsi dan Pemerintah Pusat. Disini terjadi perpindahan kewenangan yang dulunya merupakan kewenangan Pemerintah Pusat bergeser menjadi kewenangan Pemerintah Daerah dengan segala konsekuensinya.Penelitian akan dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan usaha pertambangan batubara pada saat ini dibandingkan dengan pada saat sebelurn pelaksanaan otonomi. Kemudian mengkaji guna mendapatkan snafu strategi didalam pengelolaan pengusahaan pertambangan batubara yang tepat agar adanya pergeseran paradigma dari sentralistik ke desentralistik tidak sampai mengganggu kelangsungan investasi pada sub sektor pertambangan batubara.Kajian dilakukan dengan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Data-data didapat dengan cara studi literatur, dan kuesioner serta diskusi. Kemudian membangun hirarki yang tersusun dari empat level terdiri ats tujuan. faktor/kriteria, sub faktor/kriteria serta alternatif.

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The evaluation on the coal mining business is to identify the development of the coal mining business in Indonesia. The evaluation is carried out to get u description on the up-down of the coal mining industries with connection with the Local Autonomy.The enactment of local autonomy will give more authorities to the regency and municipality government, and less authorities to the provincial and central government. There is a shift of the authorities from the central government to local governments with all its consequences.The objective of this research is to identify the development of coal mining business at present compared to that of before the enactment of the local autonomy.A study is carried to formulate a proper strategy in coal mining b'.lsiness management so as to achieve a new paradigm from centralistic to decentralistic in order not to hinder the sustainability of the investment in coal mining sub-sector.The study is carried out under the Analytical Hierarchy Process (Al-IP). The data is collected by the literature study, questionnaires and discussion. A structured hierarchy of four levels consisting of objectives, factors/criteria, subfactor/criteria and alternatives is formulated."

"The intrusive rocks of Gunung Parang and Gunung Bongkok appear to be boss shape. The intrusion lie physiographically at the Bogor zone, Purwakarta area, West Java. Petrographic features show that the rocks have good porphyritic textures, and primary minerals of plagioclase, pyroxene, and hornblende as phenocryst are in groundmass made of crystallites plagioclase. This ranges from calcic andesine, and subordinate sodic to calcic labradorite, especially in the intrusive rocks of Gunung Bongkok. Chemical analyses reveal that the parent magma of these rocks is high-alumina basalt derived from olivine tholeiites fractionation at the depth of 44 km and the temperature 1066 degree Celcius while the depth of parent magma is calculated about 175 km to the depth of the undergoing Benioff zone."

"This paper attempts to clarify the position of geological and mining conditions at Ombilin in comparison with those in Australia and the UK by examining both the technical strategy and its efficiency. A summary of this review is made to facilitate judgments on long wall layouts and strata control matters chosen during the stage of mine planning and design for purpose of the underground coal mine development in Indonesia."