Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This paper discusses about Indonesian government policies towards defence industries revitalisation agenda. Indonesian national defence industries consist of many companies. This paper though will only analyse prime contractors industries represented by PT Pindad, PT DI, and PT PAL. Those industries are still suffered from various challenges. To overcome, Indonesian government made several policies. However, those policies have not been sufficient enough to achieve its purpose. Revolution of military and business affairs theory are used as the grand theory of this research. As recommendation this paper emphasis on the need of comprehensive legal framework and forum that involve all related stakeholders. To fulfil these needs, the government should adopt the concept of minimum essential procurement as complement of minimum essential force concept in order to achieve defence self-reliance."

"Some state policies as outlined in the legislation related to the economic system contain weakness, which led the state to have bear a lot of subsidies, while the ability of the state budgets are relatively low. The implications of the weak state economy directly affect the welfare and improvement of budgetary constraints that support for the implementation of national defence system. The limited ability of the military in national defence system influencing the emergence of problems as obstacle to national development."

"Skripsi ini membahas bentuk mekanisme pertahanan perdagangan (trade defence) menurut perjanjian WTO dan membandingkan bentuk mekanisme pertahanan perdagangan pada sektor baja di Amerika Serikat (AS) dan Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa (MEE) dengan Indonesia. Hal ini karena baja merupakan sektor yang paling terpengaruh oleh tindakan pertahanan perdagangan (khususnya anti- dumping dan safeguard). Hasil penelitian yang menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan komparatif, menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat setidaknya tiga bentuk mekanisme pertahanan perdagangan menurut perjanjian WTO yaitu, anti-dumping, countervailing, dan safeguard. Adapun berdasarkan hasil perbandingan, pengaturan trade defence pada sektor baja di AS dan MEE memiliki ketentuan tentang anti-circumvention, sedangkan di Indonesia tidak. Adanya pengaturan anti-circumvention ini menguatkan tindakan anti-dumping AS dan MEE, sehingga negara-negara tersebut mampu melindungi industri baja dalam negerinya dari kerugian akibat perdagangan yang tidak seimbang. Indonesia belum memiliki pengaturan anti-circumvention, sehingga Bea Masuk Anti-Dumping yang diterapkan menjadi tidak efektif. Oleh karena itu, untuk melindungi industri baja domestik, perlu pengaturan anti- circumvention dalam tata hukum Indonesia yang setidaknya mencakup bentuk- bentuk circumvention dan prosedur tindakan, sebagaimana yang telah dilakukan Amerika Serikat dan Masyarakat Ekonomi Eropa.

---

This thesis discusses the forms of trade defence mechanisms regulated by WTO agreement and compares the form of trade defence mechanisms in steel sector that applied by the United States (US) and the European Union (EU) with Indonesia. This is because steel is the most affected sector by trade defence, especially anti- dumping and safeguard measures. Result of this normative legal research through a statutory and comparative approach conclude that there are at least three forms of trade defence mechanisms according to WTO agreement, i.e. anti-dumping, countervailing, and safeguard. As based on the result of comparison, the trade defence regulation in the steel sector at US and EU has provision regarding anti- circumvention, whereas in Indonesia does not. With the existence of anti- circumvention provisions, it reinforces US and EU anti-dumping actions, so that these countries are able to protect the domestic steel industry from injury due to unfair trade. Indonesia does not have anti-circumvention provision yet, so that the anti-dumping duty applied becomes ineffective. Therefore, in order to protect the domestic steel industry, anti-circumvention provision is needed in the Indonesia legal system to regulate forms of circumvention and procedures of imposing anti- circumvention duty, as has been done by the United States and the European Union."

"AbstrakPrevious studies have shown that business performance is mostly determined by the ability of a company to create competitive advantage. However, the rapid changes in technology, markets, regulations and hypercompetition have made the business environment increasingly uncertain and unpredictable so that it can erode competitive advantage. This phenomenon is known as the turbulence of business environment and can cause a company to have difficulty maintaining its competitive advantage so that it is very interesting to study further. The purpose of this study is to understand how the turbulence of business environment occurs in the telecommunications industry in Indonesia. The study involved 213 leaders of business units of telecommunications operators in Indonesia as research respondents. The research methods used are descriptive survey and explanatory survey using component-based structural modeling, Partial Least Square-Path Modeling (PLS-PM). The results of the study showed that the telecommunications industry in Indonesia has experienced high turbulence of business environment, caused mainly by competitive turbulence. However, it was found that the technological turbulence and the market turbulence have contributed the most dominant to the occurrence of turbulence business environment in telecommunication industry. This study also discussed the problem solving of the business environment turbulence and recommendations for the sustainability of the telecommunications industry in Indonesia."

"Perdagangan internasional merupakan salah satu system kejasama antar Negara dalam aspek ekonomi. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah untuk terciptanya perdagangan internasional yang efisien dan dapat menguntungkan bagi setiap Negara yang tergabung dalam kegiatan kerjasama antar Negara ini. Salah satunya yaitu dengan membuat sebuah forum internasional sebagai satu-satunya institusi resmi yang menangani semua yang berkaitan dengan aktivitas perdagangan dunia. Skripsi ini menjelaskan penelitian mengenai cara penyelesaian sengketa dalam perdagangan internasional dibawah organisasi perdagangan dunia dengan mengangkat kasus rokok kretek yang terjadi pada tahun 2010 antara Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat. Penelitian skripsi ini menggunakan pendekatan normatif untuk mengelaborasi dan menganalisis dalam hal langkah-langkah dalam proses penyelesaian sengekta rokok kretek yang melalui serangkaian tahap beracara yang sudah diatur didalam Dispute Settlement Understanding WTO. Hasil analisis membawa pada penyelesaian akhir yaitu dengan dikeluarkannya Memorandum of Understanding yang telah disepakati oleh kedua Negara.

---

International trade is one system of cooperation between countries in economic aspects. Various efforts have been made by the government to create the efficient of international trade and can be beneficial for any State incorporated in such activities. One of which is to create an international forum as the only official institution that can handles in world trade activity aspects. This research elaborate on how to resolve disputes in international trade under the world trade organization by took clove cigarette case that occurred in 2010 between Indonesia and the United States as the example. This research uses normative approach to elaborate and analyze in terms of steps in the process of clove cigarette resolution through a series of stages that have been arranged in Dispute Settlement Understanding WTO. The results of the analysis lead to the final resolution, the issuance of a Memorandum of Understanding agreed upon by both parties countries."