Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"This article is focused and the effect of economic development, especially urban development, upon informal activities and urban poor. The gist of this article is that although an impressive record of economic growth had been achieved during PJP I (the first long term development strategy), the urban informal activities and urban poor still seamed to experiences the same problems. Partly these as a result of the development implemented tend to be concentrated in urban areas of Java, especially around the primate city of Jakarta. This inequality of development not only affected the performance of development activities but has also hindered the spread of employment opportunities to other areas, both rural and urban. Consequently, most of the urban labour forces have forced to remain involved in the informal activities and therefore keep them stay in the poor conditions."

" This paper defines the informal sector (IS) as being self employedpersons assisted by family and other non-wage earners. It discusses sometheoretical aspects of the urban informal sector and presents some pertinentfindings in indonesia such as why persons enter the informal sector.relationships of the informal sector to itself and the formal sector (FS),factors affecting the competitiveness and potential of the informal sub-sectors. and the interpretation of a change in the size of the informal sectorrelative to the format sector. An analysis of Central Bureau of Statisticsdata shows that the rate of growth of the informal sector from 1985 to 1990was much tower than the formal sector and much lower than the informalsector from 1980 to 1985, with the construction and transportation sectorsbeing exceptions and the female informal sector growth rate being 39 % thatof males."

"Abstract. Irian Jaya study aims to analyse the flexibility and productivity of the urban informal sector of regional economy in Jayapura. The approach used is qualitative in nature. The findings of the study show that the informal sector in Jayapura is very flexible in recruiting human resources of varying backgrounds (gender, age, education, even capital). The study also finds that the productivity of the sector is very high as the profit gained by the informal sector actors is significantly higher than the cost. Factors attributing to the flexibility of the informal sector in Jayapura are labour and demand whereas factors attributing to productivity are labour and demand, which are positively correlated, and flexibility, which is negatively correlated. "

"ABSTRAKSektor informal yang berada pada kota besar khususnya Jakarta menimbulkan permasalahan. Dengan penempatannya yang tidak tertata, keberadaan sektor informal kerap tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan penataan rung kota dari pemerintah. Dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan ini kerap kali pemerintah melakukan penggusuran paksa. Di sisi lain sektor informal juga berperan dalam menjaring tenaga kerja dan mengurangi angka pengangguran. Sementara munculnya sektor informal di perkotaan bukan akibat dari kekalahan mereka bersaing memenuhi kebutuhan hidup saja namun ternyata kemunculan ini merupakan pengaruh peran pemerintah juga. Pembelajaran tentang sektor informal dalam tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami definisi sektor informal dan menjelaskan kriteria-kriteria penting yang perlu diperhatikan dalam membedakan sektor informal dengan sektor formal. Penelitian ini juga disertai studi kasus mengenai pedagang stasiun yang masuk ke dalam kategori sektor informal di perkotaan. Hal ini dilakukan sebagai salah satu cara memahami bagaimana perlakuan yang tepat untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang timbul dari kehadiran sektor informal di perkotaan.

---

ABSTRACTThe existence of informal sectors in big cities, especially Jakarta does create problems. The disorganized placement is one of the crieteria of the informal sector, since it?s not accordance with the urban planning made by the government. In order to solve these problems, the action of forge destruction is usually taken. On the other hand, the informal sector is actually helps in decreasing the unemployed. Meanwhile, the existence of them in big cities is not only caused by their unability to compete in fulfilling their needs, but also caused by the regulations the government made. The goal of this study about the informal sectors is to get better understanding of definition of it and obtain the important criterias to differentiate with formal sectors. It is also completed with a case study about street vendors surrounding and or near by the station, which is included as an urban informal sector. It is done in order to wisely decide how to handle the problems occured by the existence of informal sectors in urban context."

"ABSTRAKSektor informal masih memiliki peranan yang besar dalam perekonomian Indonesia, serta memiliki hubungan yang erat sebagai pendorong perekonomian sebagaimana kurang lebih 45 persen output di Indonesia diproduksi oleh usaha-usaha sektor informal dan hampir 90 persennya merupakan lapangan pekerjaan bagi tenaga kerja di Indonesia. Kendati demikian, perhatian seringkali lebih ditekankan pada bagaimana cara membuat para pelaku sektor informal ini untuk berpindah menjadi formal alih-alih menargetkan secara langsung sektor informal tersebut untuk berbagai program pembangunan. Padahal, terdapat beberapa bukti empiris yang menemukan bahwa sektor informal di negara-negara berkembang seperti di Indonesia tidak mendukung model ekslusi exclusion model mdash;mereka ada karena pertimbangan rasional rrational exit model dan melayani pasar yang berbeda dengan sektor formal dual economy. Selain itu, kebijakan-kebijakan yang diterapkan seringkali tidak mengakumulasikan adanya heterogenitas dalam sektor informal yang meyebabkan implementasi kebijakan tidak tepat sasaran karena adanya perbedaan karakteristik. Penelitian ini mereplikasi peelitian yag dilakukan oleh Grimm, Knorringa, Lay 2012 di Afrika yang mencoba untuk membagi sektor informal di Indonesia menjadi tiga kelompok mdash;top performers, constrained gazelles, dan survivalists mdash;serta mencari tahu bagaimana heterogenitas sektor informal di Indonesia ini berpengaruh pada performa perusahaan yang diukur dari level profit perusahaan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga melihat pengaruh dari heterogenitas pada keinginan pengusaha untuk mengembangkan usahanya melalui pinjaman dari lembaga keuangan formal seperti bank.

---

ABSTRACTThe informal sector still plays a significant role in Indonesian economy, as well as associated with one of the growth factor as roughly 45 percent of total output is produced by informal Small and Micro Enterprises SMEs and more than 90 percent of them provide jobs for the labor force in Indonesia. However, many of the policy makers rsquo attention is placed on how to formalize these firms instead of targetting the informal sector directly for development programs, even though some evidences about the informal sector in dynamic developing countries like Indonesia say that their existence is more driven by the rational exit model and dual economy model instead of exclusion model. In other words, the informal sector exists toserve different market than that of formal sector, and their existence is a product of some rational cost benefit calculation. Moreover, the implemented policies, both policy about how to formalize these firms and financing policy for especially SMEs usually don rsquo t take into account the heterogeneity within the informal sector, which make such policies ineffective and inefficient due to diverse characteristics of groups in informal sector. This research tries to homogenize the informal sector in Indonesia into groups that are first introduced by Grimm, Knorringa, Lay 2012 which is the top performers, the constrained gazelles, and the survivalist, and also to further research whether the heterogeneity within Indonesian informal sector affects firms rsquo growths. This research also tries to see if heterogeneity, in any way, affects informal entrepreneurs rsquo willingness to expand their busniesses through the formal financial setors rsquo financing. "

"Penelitian ini berupaya menjelaskan relasi kekuasaan di antara aktor-aktor yang terlibat di dalam sistem lapak pemulung di perkotaan. Relasi tersebut terkait dengan proses produksi dan reproduksi praktik sosial di dalam sektor ekonomi informal. Kajian ini menggunakan perspektif dialektika dinamis antara agensi dan struktur yang selalu mengalir di dalam kerangka ruang dan waktu. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa agensi pemulung tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh limitasi struktural, tetapi juga oleh pemantauan refleksif yang mereka lakukan. Ini menyebabkan terjadinya dua hal: Pertama, setiap relasi yang dibangun di dalam sistem lapak memiliki karakter yang berbeda-beda, sangat tergantung pada aspek spasial dan temporal; Kedua, sebagai implikasi, eksklusi sosial yang dialami pemulung terjadi secara dua arah, yaitu dari luar dan dari dalam dirinya sendiri. Untuk memahami proses yang demikian, penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam, diskusi terarah dan observasi, dengan disertai triangulasi data.

---

This research intends to explain the relations between actors involved in the system of waste picker shanties in the urban area. These relations are related to the process of production and reproduction of social practises in the informal economy. This study took the perspective of dynamic dialectics between agencies and structures, which always flow within the frame of space and time. Research findings show that waste-pickers agency is not only affected by structural limitations, but also by their reflexive monitoring. This leads to two things: first, each social relation built by waste-pickers has different characters, heavily dependent on spatial and temporal aspect; second, as an implication, the social exclusion experienced by waste-pickers happens in both ways, not only from the outside but also from within themselves. To understand the process, this research used qualitative method with exercising the technic of in-depth interview, directed discussion and observation, and by performing triangulation."

"Disertasi ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan pembangunan sosial sektor informal perkotaan terutama pedagang kaki lima di Pasar Minggu DKI Jakarta Serta menjelaskan konsep pembangunan sosial berdasarkan struktur kultur dan proses dalam mewujudkan masyarakat PKL yang inklusif Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa penataan dan relokasi PKL di Pasar Minggu DKI Jakarta berdasarkan konsep pembangunan sosial belum mencapai tahapan ideal masih dalam tahapan proses menuju pembangunan yang inklusif Pembangunan struktur yang meliputi struktural setting dan struktural instrument dalam pembangunan PKL belum dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk kebijakan kongkrit untuk peningkatan kualitas hidup PKL Pembangunan kultur sosial menunjukan hasil yang cukup baik dengan mengacu pada misi Jakarta sebagai ldquo Masyarakat yang berkebudayaan rdquo yaitu dengan adanya perubahan prilaku satpol PP dan aparat pemerintahan yang lebih sopan dan persuasif Pembangunan proses sosial melalui interaksi komunikasi yang dibangun antara pemerintah DKI Jakarta UPB Pasar Minggu dan PKL belum terjalin secara maksimal Dengan adanya proses sosial yang maksimal akan melahirkan internalisasi budaya dan institusionalisasi kebijakan dalam rangka mewujudkan pembangunan yang inklusif dan menuju kualitas hidup PKL yang lebih baik Konsep pembangunan sosial idealnya dilakukan dalam bentuk kualitatif namun pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif untuk memberikan model baru dalam penggunaan metodologi Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan kuantitatif penelitian ini berusaha untuk memudahkan membuat tingkatan pembangunan sosial PKL di Pasar Minggu DKI Jakarta serta dapat memahami makna dalam realitas PKL

---

This dissertation aims to describe the social development of urban informal sector particularly street vendors PKL at the Pasar Minggu Jakarta and to explain the concept of social development based on the structure culture and the process in creating an inclusive street vendor society The finding of this research shows that the maintenance and relocation of the street svendors in the Pasar Minggu Jakarta based on the concept of social development has not achieved an ideal stage It is still in the process towards an inclusive development Structural development that consists of the structural setting and the structural instrument in developing the street vendors cannot be implemented yet in a concrete policy that is able to improve the life quality of the street vendors The development of social culture shows a quite good result which refers to the Jakarta mission as ldquo civilized society rdquo which is indicated by changing attitude of satpol PP and other government apparatus that are more polite and persuasive The development of social process through interaction and communication which is established between the government of the DKI Jakarta the UPB Pasar Minggu and the street vendors has not been built significantly A significant social process will generate an internalisation of culture and an institutionalisation of policy that helps in creating an inclusive development and a better life quality of the street vendors The concept of social development is ideally conducted in a qualitative form However this research uses quantitative method in order to contribute a new model in the application of methodology Through both qualitative and quantitative methods this research attempts to simplify in making the stages of social development of the vendors in the Pasar Minggu Jakarta and to understand meanings in real life of the street vendors "