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"This article examines the dynamics of Javanese labour immigration to British North Borneo (present-day Sabah) during the colonial period, under the tutelage of the british North Borneo Charterred Company. It seeks to expound the types of labour recruitment schemes available for Javanese emigrants, the variation in the labour contracts, the immigration and repatriation procedures and the issues inherent within the system. By utilising mostly raw primary documents derived from various archives, the article argues that the Javanese labourers were considered to be the backbone of British North Borneo labour force and a major contributing factor in the success of many capitalistic endeavours in the state. Javanese labour immigration took centre stage during the period of study with workers labouring under written civil contracts with penal sanction."

"Over the last decade, Africa has taken a central position in the search for the timing and mechanisms leading to modern human origins, and the rich archaeological and human paleontological record of North Africa is critical to this search. In this volume, we bring together new research into the archaeology, human paleontology, chronology, and environmental context of modern human origins in North Africa. The result is a volume that better integrates the North African record into the modern human origins debate and at the same time highlights the research questions that are currently the focus of continued work in the area.​"