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"The goal of the article was to develop Mandarin vocabulary teaching material for Indonesian people and foreigners. Teaching material was developed by cutting vocabulary, called Chunk theory. Article clarified Chunk theory, basic strategy of teaching it, and the basic idea of teaching it; gave opinion and some important factors related to Chunk theory. It can be concluded that there is a significant factor in teaching Chunk theory, that is a meaning transformation process to different context. It can be more (Chunk Up), less (Chunk down), and similar (Chunk laterally)."

"Acrostic is a special phenomenon of the modern Chinese language. It is a combination of lexical and syntactical that across "vocabulary" and “grammar” categories. The morphemes can be combined and can also be separated by various form changes depending on its development. Acrostic is always been a crucial part in teaching Chinese language to foreigners and less developed than other parts of the teaching. This study used quantitative method to analyze the problems associated with the acrostic in teaching Chinese to foreigners. Source of the data was learners' exercise and assignment. The discussion in this article was viewed from the perspective of the outside-oriented teaching, grouped into 3 main sections. The first was in terms of the usability characteristics to the acrostic developments in the acrostic grammar study. The second, based on the results of the questionnaire regarding the use of acrostic, research analyzed students' main mistakes and their causes. The third was to observe the condition of teaching acrostic. This research is expected to help teachers and learners of Mandarin understand and overcome the difficulties in learning acrostic."

"ABSTRAKBahasa Mandarin memiliki pelengkap kata kerja dalam struktur kalimat. Salah satu pelengkap kata kerja tersebut yaitu pelengkap arah. Pelengkap arah ini biasa digunakan untuk memberi petunjuk arah terhadap suatu tindakan yang dilakukan oleh pelaku. Tindakan tersebut dinyatakan dalam sebuah kata kerja dan dilengkapi dengan kata petunjuk arah yang dinyatakan di dalam suatu kalimat. Makalah ini akan fokus pada cara memaparkan materi pelengkap arah dan metode pengajaran yang tepat untuk materi tersebut. Penulisan makalah ini bertujuan untuk menjabarkan struktur pelengkap arah berikut metode pengajaran yang melandasi pengajaran dan pelatihannya, serta menjabarkan sikap-sikap penting yang harus dilakukan oleh pengajar apabila para pembelajar masih belum memahami dengan jelas materi tersebut. Pengajaran di kelas diusulkan menggunakan rekaman suara, video, dan gambar untuk membantu pengajar menanggulangi kesulitan pemelajar dalam memahami materi pelengkap arah. Makalah ini menggunakan metode penelitian kepustakaan yakni buku, skripsi, kamus, jurnal internasional, dan artikel internet.

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ABSTRACTMandarin language has a verb complement in it rsquo s sentence structure. One of them is directional complement. It is usually used for giving directions on an action a person is about to commit. Such action is expressed on a verb, equipped with a certain directional word that is stated in the sentence. This paper focuses on how to explain the directional complement material, and how best to teach it. This paper aims to explain the structure of the directional complement, including it rsquo s methods that underlies it rsquo s teaching and training, as well as outlining the substantial attitudes that must be shown by the teachers if their students still doesn rsquo t fully understand the material. Teaching in class is suggested by using sound recordings, videos and also pictures to help teachers in dealing with the difficulties the students may encounter. This paper is conducted by using library research methods such as books, thesis, dictionary, international journals and internet articles."