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"Traditional laboratories are being complemented by virtual and remote laboratories. Students attend traditional laboratories in class and after hours perform experiments remotely, often from their home. There have been several remote laboratories that have been developed for a range of disciplines. This paper propose a remote laboratory for teaching FPGA and HDL at low cost. The remote laboratory is made of one server and multiple remote hardware sets. Each remote hardware set consists of one control board and at least one FPGA board. The Altera Development and Education (DE) Board is based on the Cyclone II ZC20 FPGA and is physically connected to the control broad. Both boards communicate with a computer server. The control board relays the FPGA inputs/outputs to the server, which in tums sends the status of the outputs to the client over the lnternet to visually display the results. Students use a computer client to perform experiments remotely on the F PGA. This architecture is designed to have high scalability and low data bit rate communication link with the average client requiring only a data rate of 450B/s. A FPGA board is planned to be used as a traditional laboratory during day and reassemble with a control board and a serverto become a remote laboratory at night."

"This textbook is one of the first to explain the fundamentals and applications of remote sensing at both undergraduate and graduate levels. Topics include definitions and a brief history of payloads and platforms, data acquisition and specifications, image processing techniques, data integration and spatial modeling, and a range of applications covering terrestrial, atmospheric, oceanographic and planetary disciplines. The policy and law issues of remote sensing and the future trends on the horizon are also covered. Remote sensing is an exciting, dynamic technology that is transforming the Earth sciences - terrestrial, atmospheric, and marine - as well as the practices of agriculture, disaster response, engineering, natural resources, providing evidence in legal cases and documented humanitarian crises, and many other fields. Increasingly, understanding of these techniques will be central to a number of disciplines, particularly as the technology advances."

"Indonesia's geographic expanse and urgent need monitoring natural resourches make it a potentially large user of satellite remote sensing products. After a brief presentation of major institutions, universities, and organizations dealing with this technique, the paper reviews and analyses major constraints, i.e. cloud cover, atmosphere, landscape, and equipment. It is followed by some examples of SPOT-derived local operational achievements. These are related to cartographic aspects, land cover mapping, agricultural-suburban interface, forestly, soils and geology. Finally, economic aspects and perspectives are considered. As confirmed by other independent works, the SPOT-derived examples stress that this type of data, especially the 10m resolution data, seem to offer a viable alternative to more expensive aerial photographs, particularly when repetive coverage is required."

"As satellite oceanography matures, there is an increasing demand for quantitative satellite data. Numerous scientific users are concerned by the determination of Sea Surface Temperatures (SST), dynamical oceanography, deep water convection, and pollution. Numerous physical and technological factors prevent to achieve accurate satellite measurements of SST. The main contamination due to the atmosphere (water vapor) and can lead to errors up to 10 Kelvin. The variability of sea surface emissivity and the sensor noise lead also to errors. The use of radiometric correction permits to get SST maps with more or less good accuracy according to the type of processing. In Indonesia the reception of the GMS and NOAA data must be used for a systematic analysis of the accuracy of the remote sensed SST in order to get n automatic routine mapping of these SST."

"Land use mapping can be defined as a mapping activity of land cover with cropping management and erosion control practice factors. The activity can be carried out by an application of remote sensing techniques, either air photos or Landsat images to gain land cover information. Cropping management and erosion control practice factors are derived from tables produced with cooperative activity in the field. Information on land cover resulting from remote sensing interpretation still needs to be checked in the field."

"Remote sensing is a very useful tool for geographic study. It is on the basis of the idea that t his subject has been offered for 3 decades in the UGM Faculty of Geography. This article briefly discusses the progress of remote sensing alumni in as viewed from the type of remote sensing system, which are studied, the method of interpretation used, and the fields of its application. Internal as well as external factor do affect this progress. The internal factor comprises the availability of teaching staff members and laboratory, while the external factor is mainly determined by the growing demand of the output."

"One aspect of the agricultural development is an information corresponding to potency and availability of land resources for both intensification and extensification

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