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"Arthropods are well known vectors for the spread of diseases. Thus their invasion from foreign countries and their spreading close to human dwellings must be blocked everywhere (in donor and receptor countries) using safe and effective measures.This book presents reviews on examples of such arthropod-borne emerging diseases that lurk on the fringes of our crowded megacities. The following topics show that there is an ongoing invasion of potential vectors and that control measures must be used now in order to avoid disastrous outbreaks of mass diseases."

"Latar Belakang: Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Duren Sawit telah memiliki pengalaman besar dalam penanggulangan bencana Penyakit Infeksi Emerging (COVID-19), namun Rumah Sakit belum melakukan analisa dan merancang hospital disaster plan untuk penyakit infeksi. Ancaman bencana PINERE di masa mendatang dilaporkan akan menjadi lebih serius, sering terjadi karena faktor perubahan ekologi yang cepat, perubahan iklim dan peningkatan perjalanan. Rumah Sakit harus memiliki kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana PINERE. Oleh karena itu, rumah sakit harus memiliki Hospital Disaster Plan Penyakit Infeksi.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif, riset operasional menggunakan modifikasi dari Pedoman Kesiapsiaan Rumah Sakit Terhadap Epidemi oleh WHO, Daftar Tilik Kesiapan Rumah Sakit Dalam Masa Pandemi COVID-19 oleh Kemenkes dan teori manajemen risiko bencana. Lokasi penelitian di Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Duren Sawit yang merupakan milik Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta.Hasil: Penelitian ini menghasilkan rancangan Hospital Disaster Plan Penyakit Infeksi Emerging dan Re-Emerging (PINERE) Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Duren Sawit.Kesimpulan: Rancangan Hospital Disaster Plan Penyakit Infeksi Emerging dan Re-Emerging (PINERE) Rumah Sakit Khusus Daerah Duren Sawit dapat dibahas lebih lanjut oleh manajemen Rumah Sakit untuk digunakan sebagai kesiapsiagaan terhadap bencana penyakit infeksi.

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Background: The Duren Sawit Hospital has great experience in managing the Emerging Infectious Disease (COVID-19) disaster, but the hospital has not yet carried out an analysis and designed a hospital disaster plan for infectious diseases. The threat of future Infectious Disease disasters is reported to be more serious, often due to factors such as rapid ecological change, climate change and increased travel. Hospitals must have preparedness for the PINERE disaster. Therefore, hospitals must have a Hospital Disaster Plan for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Methods: This research is qualitative research, operational research using modifications of the WHO Guidelines for Hospital Preparedness against Epidemics, the Hospital Readiness Checklist during the COVID-19 Pandemic by the Ministry of Health and disaster risk management theory. The research location is at the Duren Sawit Hospital which belongs to the DKI Jakarta Provincial Government.

Results: This research resulted in a draft Hospital Disaster Plan for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases (PINERE) for the Duren Sawit Regional Special Hospital

Conclusion: The draft Hospital Disaster Plan for Emerging and Re-Emerging Infectious Diseases for the Duren Sawit Hospital can be discussed further by the Hospital management to be used as preparedness for infectious disease disasters."

"Kasus harian COVID-19 Kota Depok termasuk yang tertinggi di Jawa Barat, akibatnya Puskesmas di Kota Depok mengalami beban ganda pada saat krisis pandemi COVID-19 yang menyebabkan gangguan pada pelayanan kesehatan. Kapasitas kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi ancaman Penyakit Infeksi Emerging (PIE) diperlukan demi terwujudnya ketangguhan Puskesmas. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam dan FGD. Hasil penelitian ini adalah pembahasan ketangguhan Puskesmas yang dinilai dari unsur kesiapan pada konteks yaitu kecukupan dan keahlian SDMK, pembiayaan terhadap wabah, layanan kesehatan di Puskesmas, pemenuhan kebutuhan obat dan alat kesehatan, penerapan regulasi yang bersifat promotif terhadap penanganan wabah, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana pendukung kegiatan pencegahan dan deteksi dini, serta informasi kesehatan yang disebarkan. Mekanisme dibutuhkan untuk mendukung kinerja konteks berupa koordinasi multisektoral yang melibatkan kolaborasi pentahelix dan juga rekomendasi One Health sebagai bentuk upaya identifikasi, deteksi, pencegahan dan respon. Adapun pendekatan 5S1T dan kegiatan peran serta masyarakat dinilai mampu mengoptimalkan mekanisme untuk mempercepat upaya penanganan wabah.   Pada akhirnya kesimpulan yang dapat ditarik mengenai kesiapan mencapai ketangguhan Puskesmas menghadapi PIE di Kota Depok belum sepenuhnya namun dapat dibangun dengan memperkuat unsur sistem kesehatan yang ditinjau pada aspek konteks berkaitan dengan mekanisme pendukung sehingga dapat mencapai ketangguhan Puskesmas.

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The daily cases of COVID-19 Depok City are among the highest in West Java. The Puskesmas in Depok City experienced a double burden during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis which caused disruption to health services. Preparedness capacity in dealing with the threat of Emerging Infectious Diseases (PIE) is needed for the realization of the resilience of the Puskesmas. This research is qualitative in nature with in-depth interviews and FGDs. The results of this study are a discussion of the resilience of the Puskesmas which is assessed from the elements of preparedness in the context, namely the adequacy and expertise of health care workforce, financing for outbreaks, health services at the Puskesmas, meeting the needs of medicines and medical devices, implementing promotive regulations for handling outbreaks, availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure prevention and early detection activities, as well as health information dissemination. Mechanisms are needed to support contextual performance in the form of multisectoral coordination involving pentahelix collaboration and also One Health recommendations as a form of identification, detection, prevention and response. The 5S1T approach and community participation activities are considered capable of optimizing mechanisms to accelerate efforts to deal with outbreaks. In the end, the conclusion that can be drawn regarding the readiness to achieve resilience of the Puskesmas in facing EID in Depok City is not yet complete, but it can be built by strengthening the elements of the health system which is reviewed in terms of context related to supporting mechanisms so that the resilience of the Puskesmas can be achieved.

 

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