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"Pencemaran udara yang mengandung Particulate Matter (PM) baik dalam jangka panjang maupun pendek telah diketahui dapat menyebabkan kematian dan efek kesehatan terutama pada jantung serta paru-paru. Polisi Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya merupakan salah satu pekerja yang terpajan akan pencemaran udara tersebut. Maka dari itu penulis melakukan penelitian pada Polisi Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya untuk mengetahui gambaran konsentrasi pajanan PM 10 dan 2,5 yang berasal dari pencemaran udara terutama hasil pembakaran kendaraan bermotor di Pos Polisi Harmoni, Bundaran HI dan Bundaran Senayan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan analisis Gravimetri untuk mengetahui konsentrasi dari partikulat. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu konsentrasi PM 2,5 dan 10 terbesar di Bundaran Senayan pada shift 1 disaat hari kerja dan jika dibandingkan dengan standar ACGIH, NIOSH dan OSHA belum melebihi nilai ambang batas. Akan tetapi jika dibandingkan dengan WHO, sudah melebihi nilai ambang batas.

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Air pollution which contained Particulate Matter (PM) both the short and long term has been known to cause deaths and health effects especially on the heart and lungs. Police Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya is one of the workers who can be exposure. Therefore, this study talked about overview of particulate matter 2,5 and 10 personal exposure which came from air pollution especially gas emissions from motor vehicles in Police Station Harmoni, Bundaran HI and Bundaran Senayan. The method which is used in this research is to use Gravimetry analysis to determine the concentration of particulates. Results obtained at a biggest concentration of PM 2,5 and 10 is in Bundaran Senayan on shift 1 while weekday and if compared to ACGIH, NIOSH and OSHA has not exceeded the quality standards. But if compared to WHO, has exceeded the quality standards."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji jumlah konsentrasi pajanan personal partikulat khusunya PM10 dan PM2,5 pada Polisi SAT-GATUR (Satuan Penjagaan dan Pengaturan) Polda Metro Jaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan analisis Gravimetri untuk mengetahui konsentrasi pajanan personal partikulat. Hasil dari penelitian konsentrasi pajanan personal partikulat PM10 dan PM2,5 yaitu belum melebihi baku mutu yang ditetapkan NIOSH, OSHA dan ACGIH namun telah melebihi baku mutu udara ambien yang ditetapkan oleh Peraturan Pemerintah No.41 Tahun 1999 dan Air Quality Guideline WHO.

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This study examines the number of personal exposure concentrations of particulates especially PM10 and PM2.5 in police SAT - GATUR GATUR (Satuan Penjagaan dan Pengaturan) Polda Metro Jaya . The method which is used in this research is by using Gravimetry analysis to determine personal exposure concentrations of particulates. The results from studies of personal exposure concentrations of particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5 are not exceeded to quality standards established NIOSH, OSHA and ACGIH but has exceeded to the ambient air quality standards set by Government Regulation No.41 Year 1999 and the WHO Air Quality Guidelines."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 pada pekerja Dinas Perhubungan yang bekerja di Terminal Terpadu Kota Depok pada tahun 2015, dengan menggunakan desain studi deskriptif. Pengukuran konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat ukur Leland Legacy Pump dan Sioutas Cascade Impactor. Pengukuran dilakukan selama 8 jam per hari dalam waktu 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 pada pekerja dishub yang bekerja di lapangan lebih tinggi dari pada yang bekerja di bagian administrasi (dalam ruangan), meskipun keduanya sama-sama sudah melebihi nilai ambang batas (NAB) yang ditetapkan oleh WHO (25 μg/m3), US-EPA (35 μg/m3), dan Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.41 tahun 1999 (65 μg/m3). Selain itu, kualitas udara di lingkungan luar dan dalam terminal juga sudah berada pada kategori yang tidak sehat.

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ABSTRACTThis study purposed to measure and analyze personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 at the Department of Transportation (DISHUB) workers who work in Integrated Terminal Depok City in 2015, with using descriptive design study. The concentrations measurement of PM2.5 personal exposure is using Leland Legacy Pump and Personal Sampling Sioutas Cascade Impactor. This measurement was performed for 8 hours per day within 7 days. The results showed personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 on Department of Transportation (DISHUB) workers who work in the field (outdoor) is higher than those working in administration (indoor), although both results are already exceeding the threshold level value (TLV) from WHO (25 μg/m3), US-EPA (35 μg/m3), and Indonesian Government Regulation (PP RI No. 41/1999) (65 μg/m3). In addition, the air quality at outside and inside the bus terminal are also in the unhealthy category."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan konsentrasi PM2,5 udara ambien terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang tetap di Terminal Kampung Rambutan Kota Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PM2,5 ambien mencapai 89 μg/m3. Didapatkan proporsi gangguan paru sebesar 79% (tipe retrikstif 73% dan campuran resktriktif dan obstruktif 6%) dari 68 responden. Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 dengan gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang di Terminal Kampung Rambutan (p value= 0,215, CI: 0,555-13,700). Ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara status merokok (p=0,015) dan waktu kerja (p value = 0,047) dengan gangguan fungsi paru. Tidak terdapat satupun faktor lain seperti riwayat penyakit, durasi kerja, umur dengan kejadian gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang di Terminal Kampung Rambutan. Selanjutnya diperlukan adanya perbaikan lingkungan terminal, perubahan perilaku merokok dan kerjasama multisektor terkait pencegahan penyakit.

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This study aims to determine the relationship between ambient air PM2.5 concentrations to impaired lung function among sellers at Kampung Rambutan Bus Station, Jakarta City. The results showed ambient PM2.5 reached 89 μg / m3. The proportion of impaired lung function was 79% of 68 respondents (restrictive type 73% and restrictive and obstructive mixture 6%). There was no significant relationship between PM2.5 concentration and impaired lung function in Kampung Rambutan Bus Station seller (p value = 0.215, CI: 0.555-13,700). It was found there is significant relationship between smoking status (p = 0.015) and work time (p value = 0.047) with impaired lung function. There were no other factors such as disease history, duration of work, and age with the occurrence of impaired lung function among sellers at Kampung Rambutan Bus Station. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the terminal environment, change smoking behavior and multisector cooperation related to disease prevention."

"[ABSTRAKPM2,5 merupakan salah satu indikator adanya pencemaran udara dalamruang (indoor air pollution). Indonesia termasuk peringkat kelima jumlah kasus TBterbesar di dunia, dan Kota Cirebon merupakan kota dengan angka penemuan kasusTB paru tertinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmenganalisis hubungan PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah dengan kejadian TBparu BTA positif di Kota Cirebon.Disain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Kriteria kasus adalah penderitabaru TB Paru yang berusia minimal 15 tahun dan hasil pemeriksaan sputum positifberdasarkan konfirmasi laboratorium Puskesmas periode November 2014 s/d April2015 serta bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Kriteria kontrol adalah tetanggaterdekat kasus yang tidak menderita TB paru, tidak memiliki gejala klinis mirip TBparu berdasarkan konfirmasi dari petugas puskesmas setempat, berusia minimal 15tahun dan bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Total jumlah sampel adalah 168responden dengan jumlah kasus adalah 84 responden, dan kontrol 84 responden.Konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah berpengaruh terhadapkejadian TB paru BTA positif di Kota Cirebon (OR 7,034; 95% CI 3,570 ? 13,860).Variabel lainnya yang signifikan adalah jenis kelamin (OR 3,947; 95% CI 2,026-7,692), lama berada di rumah (OR 2,682; 95% CI 1,430 ? 5,028), jenis bahan bakarmemasak (OR 3,260; 95% CI 1,116-9,523), status merokok (OR 3,034; 95% CI1,446 ? 6,365), jenis atap rumah (OR 3,713; 95% CI 1,945 ? 7,089), dan lajuventilasi kamar (OR 2,493; 95% CI 1,264 ? 4,918). Hasil analisis multivariatdengan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi PM2,5 dalam rumahberhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru BTA positif (OR adjusted 6,14; 95% CI2,904-12,975) dikontrol oleh variabel jenis kelamin, jenis atap rumah, dan lajuventilasi kamar. Masih banyak rumah yang belum dilengkapi jendela atauventilasinya kurang, atap rumah tidak dilengkapi oleh langit-langit, sehingga masihbanyak rumah yang tidak memenuhi kriteria rumah sehat. Diperlukan upayapeningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang kriteria rumah sehat,dan masyarakat agar menjaga pola perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, termasuk tidakmerokok.

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ABSTRACTPM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking.;PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking., PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking.]"

"Pajanan PM2.5 baik dalam jangka panjang maupun pendek telah diketahui dapat menyebabkan kematian dan efek kesehatan terutama pada jantung dan pembuluh serta paru-paru. Atas dasar tersebut, peneliti melakukan penelitian di Pusat Pengujian Kendaraan Bermotor unit Pulo Gadung, untuk mengetahui pajanan PM2.5 yang diterima oleh pekerja yang berasal dari emisi dari gas buang kendaraan bermotor yang merupakan salah satu kontributor terbesar kadar PM di daerah perkotaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pajanan PM pada 10 petugas penguji dan 4 petugas administrasi sebagai sampel. Pengambilan sampel PM2.5 mengacu pada metode IP-10A dari EPA yang telah diperbarui oleh SKC. Rata-rata konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 selama pekerja pada periode penelitian yang diterima oleh petugas penguji mekanik adalah sebesar 149.01 µm/m3 dan 103.28 µm/m3 pada petugas administrasi. Setelah konversikan dan dibandingkan dengan AQG WHO, pajanan PM2.5 yang diterima oleh petugas penguji maupun petugas administrasi melebihi nilai ambang yang disarankan (25 µm/m3 ).

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Exposure to PM2.5 in both the short and long term has been known to cause deaths and health effects, especially on the heart, blood vessels, and lungs. On this basis, researcher conducted a study in the Motor Vehicle Testing Centre at Pulogadung unit, to determine the concentration of PM2.5 received by workers coming from the exhaust gas emissions from motor vehicles is one of the largest contributors to the levels of PM in urban areas. This study uses personal PM exposure of 10 emission test officers and four administrators as a sample. Sampling PM2.5 refers to methods of IP-10A from the EPA that has been updated by SKC. The average personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 in the study period received by the clerk of mechanical testing amounted to 149.01 μm / m3 and 103.28 μm/m3 on administrative officer. Once converted and compared with WHO AQG, PM2.5 exposure received by testers officer or administrative officer exceeds the recommended value (25 µm/m3 )."

"PM2,5 merupakan salah satu indikator penilaian kualitas udara, yang telah dilaporkan sebagai penyebab dari berbagai gangguan kesehatan, salah satunya penurunan fungsi aru -; paru pada manusia. Industri marmer merupakan salah satu industri yang banyak menghasilkan PM2,5 sebagai limbah hasil produksinya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan intervensi kesehatan, khususnya kesehatan lingkungan kerja di industri marmer. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara tempat industri marmer dengan kejadian penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerjanya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari hingga Juni 2017, menggunakan studi potong lintang. Penelitian ini melibatkan seluruh pekerja industri marmer yang berjumlah 45 orang, dan 5 titik pengukuran kualitas udara di sentra industri marmer X sebagai sampel. Fungsi paru pekerja diukur menggunakan spirometri, sedangkan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara diukur menggunakan HVAS. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji statistik chi-square, regresi logistik, dan regresi linear dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara, konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara dengan kejadian penurunan fungsi paru, serta hubungan antara karakteristik individu dengan kejadian penrunan fungsi paru. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara kelembaban dengan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara nilai p = 0,013. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara dengan penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerja nilai p = 0,004; OR = 7,56 . Karakteristik individu yang mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerja antara lain adalah IMT nilai p = 0,011; OR = 6,909 dan masa kerja nilai p = 0,003; OR = 1,292. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara tempat industri marmer dengan kejadian penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerja di sentra industri marmer X, Kabupaten Tulungagung, tahun 2017.

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PM2,5 is an air quality indicator, that have been reported as the cause of some health problems, including lung function decline. Marble industry is one of industries that produce PM2,5 as the waste of marble production. Therefore, health intervention, industrial environmental health in particular, is needed as preventive measures.

The objective of this study was to understand about the association between PM2,5 concentration in marble production room and lung function decline among the workers. This study was held on February to June of 2017, using cross sectional study This study involving all of the marble production workers, total of 45 person, and 5 point of air quality measurement in X marble industry as the samples. Lung function decline was measured by spirometry method, while the PM2,5 concentration was measured using High Volume Air Sampler.

Bivariate analysis using chi - square, logistic regression, and linear regression was done to know about the association between environmental factors and PM2,5 concentration, PM2,5 concentration and lung function decline, also between individual characteristics and lung function decline.

The study result showed significant association between humidity and PM2,5 concentration p value 0,013 . The result also showed significant association between PM2,5 concentration and lung function decline among the workers p value 0,004 OR 7,56 . Induvidual characteristics that affected the lung function decline among the workers is BMI p value 0,011 OR 6,909 and the work duration p value 0,003 OR 1,292.

The conclusion of this study is, PM2,5 concentration in marble production room is significantly associated with lung function decline among the workers in X marble production, Tulungagung, 2017. "

"Pencemaran udara menjadi ancaman besar bagi masyarakat dunia. Salah satu indikator yang umum adalah Particulate Matter 2.5 atau PM 2.5. PM 2.5 merupakan polutan yang dapat masuk ke paru-paru bahkan sampai pada alveolus dan dapat berdifusi ke pembuluh darah. PM 2.5 juga dapat mengandung ataupun mengadsorpsi logam berat, gas beracun, virus, bakteri, dan zat berbahaya lainnya. Tingginya konsentrasi PM 2.5 dapat menimbulkan berbagai efek kesehatan pada manusia. Salah satu sumber PM 2.5 adalah transportasi. Sekolah yang lokasinya dekat dengan jalan raya berisiko terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 yang tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi risiko kesehatan terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 pada siswa dan guru yang bekerja di SDN Cisalak 1 Tahun 2024. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) dari Bulan Maret-Mei 2024. Sampel pada penelitian ini terdiri dari 23 guru dan 63 siswa kelas 4 dan kelas 5. Pengukuran konsentrasi PM 2.5 dilakukan di 5 titik menggunakan alat DustTrak DRX 8533 selama 1 jam di tiap titiknya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata konsentrasi PM 2.5 di SDN Cisalak 1 adalah 0,208 mg/m3 atau 0,121 mg/m3 setelah dikonversi menjadi konsentrasi 24 jam. Konsentrasi tersebut masih berada di atas baku mutu Permenkes RI No. 2 Tahun 2023. Besar risiko secara realtime dan lifespan, baik pada siswa maupun guru secara keseluruhan menyatakan nilai RQ ≤ 1 yang artinya secara keseluruhan, siswa dan guru masih aman dari pajanan PM 2.5 dengan konsentrasi tidak lebih dari 0,208 mg/m3. Namun, jika dilakukan perhitungan secara individu, didapatkan sebanyak 4,48% dan 55,5% siswa berisiko terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 secara realtime dan lifespan. Sdangkan pada guru sebanyak 72,7% guru berisiko terhadap pajanan PM 2.5 secara lifespan selama 30 tahun. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meminimalisir risiko tersebut adalah dengan melakukan pembatasan pajanan melalui pembersihan ruang kelas secara rutin, penyortiran barang atau berkas, dan melakukan penghijauan di area sekolah.

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Air pollution is a major threat to world society. One common indicator is Particulate Matter 2.5 or PM 2.5. PM 2.5 is a pollutant that can enter the lungs and even reach the alveoli and can diffuse into the blood vessels. PM 2.5 can also contain or adsorb heavy metals, toxic gases, viruses, bacteria and other dangerous substances. High concentrations of PM 2.5 can cause various health effects in humans. One source of PM 2.5 is transportation. Schools that located close to highways have a high risk of PM 2.5 exposure. This study aims to estimate the health risk of exposure to PM 2.5 in students and teachers working at SDN Cisalak 1 in 2024. This research was conducted using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method from March-May 2024. The sample in this study consisted of 23 teachers and 63 students in grades 4 and 5. PM 2.5 concentrations were measured at 5 points using a DustTrak DRX 8533 for 1 hour at each point. The results of this study show that the average PM 2.5 concentration at SDN Cisalak 1 is 0.208 mg/m3 or 0.121 mg/m3 after being converted to a 24 hour concentration. This concentration is still above the quality standards of  Permenkes RI No. 2 Tahun 2023. The overall RQ value, for both students and teachers, is RQ ≤ 1, which means that overall, students and teachers are still safe from exposure to PM 2.5 with a concentration of no more than 0.208 mg/m3. From individual calculations, the results showed that 4.48% and 55.5% of students were at risk of exposure to PM 2.5 in realtime and lifespan. Meanwhile, 72.7% of teachers are at risk of exposure to PM 2.5 over a lifespan of 30 years. To reduce exposure can be done by cleaning up the classrooms, sorting items or files, and planting trees in school area."

"Emisi atau residu pembakaran kendaraan merupakan sumber utama terjadinya polusi udara di wilayah urban, salah satunya adalah Particulate Matter (PM). Berdasarkan ukurannya, PM terbagi menjadi dua, yaitu PM10 dan PM2,5. Keberadaan polutan tersebut dapat ditangkap oleh tumbuhan, salah satunya adalah lumut Sphagnum cuspidatum. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui perbedaan kadar PM pada lumut S. cuspidatum yang ditransplantasikan di beberapa lokasi dengan jumlah volume kendaraan yang berbeda, serta mengetahui adanya korelasi lingkungan abiotik terhadap kadar PM pada lumut S. cuspidatum yang ditransplantasikan. Metode biomonitoring yang digunakan, yaitu transplantasi lumut menggunakan moss bag. Lumut S. cuspidatum diukur kadar PM sebelum dipaparkan di lokasi paparan dengan jumlah volume kendaraan yang berbeda. Selanjutnya, 0,5 gram lumut S. cuspidatum ditimbang dan dimasukkan ke dalam moss bag yang terbuat dari kantong nilon. Lokasi paparan dalam penelitian, yaitu tepi jalan UI, tepi jalan Kabeda, dan tepi jalan Juanda. Ketiga lokasi tersebut merepresentasikan lokasi tepi jalan dengan tingkat volume kendaraan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Waktu paparan selama 5 minggu atau 35 hari. Berat PM diperoleh dari selisih berat kertas saring akhir dengan berat kertas saring awal. Kadar PM dihitung dengan membagi berat PM dan berat kering lumut. Analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah uji Kruskal-Wallis dan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar PM10 dan PM2,5 yang tertangkap oleh lumut S. cuspidatum yang ditransplantasikan di lokasi urban Juanda memiliki nilai rata-rata tertinggi. Hal tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa lokasi urban Juanda memiliki tingkat polusi udara paling tinggi, sehingga kualitas udara di lokasi tersebut lebih rendah dibanding lokasi urban Beji UI dan Kabeda. Selain itu, parameter lingkungan abiotik seperti suhu udara, kelembapan udara, kecepatan angin, volume kendaraan, AQI level, konsentrasi PM10 dan PM2,5 di udara berkorelasi terhadap kadar PM yang tertangkap pada lumut S. cuspidatum.

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Emissions or residues of vehicle combustion is the main source of air pollution in urban areas, one of which is Particulate Matter (PM). Based on its size, PM is divided into two, namely PM10 and PM2.5. The existence of these pollutants can be captured by plants, one of which is the moss Sphagnum cuspidatum. The aim of the study to determine differences in PM levels in S. cuspidatum moss transplanted at several locations with different vehicle volumes and to determine whether there was a correlation between abiotic environment and PM levels in transplanted S. cuspidatum moss. The biomonitoring method used is moss transplantation using a moss bag. PM levels of S. cuspidatum were measured before being exposed at the exposure location with different vehicle volumes. Next, 0.5 grams of S. cuspidatum moss was weighed and put into a moss bag made of nylon bags. Locations of exposure in the study, namely the UI roadside, Kabeda roadside, and Juanda roadside. These three locations represent roadside locations with low, medium, and high vehicle volume levels. Exposure time for 5 weeks or 35 days. The PM weight was obtained from the difference between the final filter paper weight and the initial filter paper weight. The PM content was calculated by dividing the PM weight and the dry weight of the moss. The statistical analysis used was the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Pearson correlation test. The results showed that the levels of PM10 and PM2.5 caught by S. cuspidatum moss transplanted at the Juanda urban location had the highest average values. This indicates that the urban location of Juanda has the highest level of air pollution so the air quality in that location is lower than the urban locations of Beji UI and Kabeda. In addition, abiotic environmental parameters such as air temperature, air humidity, wind speed, vehicle volume, AQI level, PM10, and PM2.5 concentrations in the air correlate with PM levels captured in S. cuspidatum moss."

"Pencemaran udara menyebabkan berbagai masalah kesehatan salah satunya Infeksi Saluran pernapasan Akut (ISPA). Penyakit ISPA pada negara berkembang dengan angka kematian balita berada pada angka 40 per 1000 kelahiran hidup yaitu 15-20% pertahun pada golongan usia balita, kurang lebih 13 juta balita didunia meninggal setiap tahun terdapat pada negara berkembang. Prevalensi kejadian ISPA di Indonesia menurut Riset Kesehatan Dasar pada tahun 2018 yaitu sebanyak 9.3%. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi pajanan PM10 dalam ruang terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita di Kelurahan Surau Gadang Kecamatan Nanggalo Kota Padang Tahun 2024. Dengan menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei – Juni 2024. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 130 balita. Rata-rata konsentrasi PM10 73,3 µg/m3. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan konsentrasi PM10 terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita di Kelurahan Surau Gadang dengan nilai p=0,012. Selanjutnya penelitian ini mengonfirmasi bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara konsentrasi PM10 dalam ruang terhadap kejadian ISPA pada balita setelah dikontrol oleh kelembaban dan luas ventilasi.

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Air pollution causes various health problems, one of which is acute respiratory infections (ARI). ARI disease in developing countries with under-five mortality rates are at 40 per 1000 live births, which is 15-20% per year in the under-five age group, approximately 13 million under-fives in the world die every year in developing countries. The prevalence of ARI in Indonesia according to Basic Health Research in 2018 was 9.3%. This study aims to determine the effect of indoor PM10 exposure concentration on the incidence of ARI in toddlers in Surau Gadang Village, Nanggalo District, Padang City in 2024. Using a cross-sectional study design conducted in May - June 2024. The number of samples was 130 toddlers. The average PM10 concentration was 73.3 µg/m3. The results showed a relationship between PM10 concentration and the incidence of ARI in toddlers in Surau Gadang Village with a value of p = 0.012. Furthermore, this study confirms that there is an influence between indoor PM10 concentrations on the incidence of URI in toddlers after being controlled by humidity and ventilation area."