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"Bank kini tidak hanya fokus pada aktivitas tradisionalnya yang melibatkan peminjam dan pemberi pinjaman, namun juga pada aktivitas terkait dengan pengenaan biaya kepada konsumen atas jasa finansial yang diberikan oleh bank (fee based income). Dengan menggunakan data bank umum yang berasal dari ASEAN 5 periode 2009 - 2013, penelitian ini melihat karakteristik bank dan karakteristik negara yang mempengaruhi fee profitability perbankan.Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik bank yang mempengaruhi fee profitability adalah ukuran aset, non interest expense, net interest income, solvabilitas, dan likuiditas. Sementara karakteristik negara yang mempengaruhi fee profitability bank adalah konsentrasi industri dan volatilitas nilai tukar pada negara terkait.

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In recent years, commercial bank is no longer putting its focus only on traditional activities which involves lender and borrower, but also on non traditional activities by charging fees on customer for the financial services offered. By using commercial bank data in ASEAN 5 for period 2009 - 2013, we examines the influence of bank characteristics and country characteristics towards fee profitability of commercial bank's.

Our findings show that bank characteristics that have influence towards fee profitability are asset size, non interest expense, net interest income, solvability, and liquidity. In addition, country characteristics that have influence towards fee profitability are industry concentration and exchange rate volatility in particular country."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor karakteristik spesifik bank dan struktur sistem keuangan yang diproksikan dengan bank loan (BLOAN), liquid asset to customer and short-term investment (LIQ), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), equity to total asset ratio (EQAS), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), Size, Beban Operasional dan Pendapatan Operasional (BOPO), concentration (CONC), total bank assets to GDP (ASSGDP), market capitalization to bank assets (MACPASS), dan market capitalization to GDP (MACGDP) terhadap profitabilitas Bank Umum Konvensional di Indonesia selama periode lima tahun mulai dari 2009 sampai dengan 2013. Pengujian dilakukan dengan model regresi least square. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa karakteristik spesifik bank dan struktur sistem keuangan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank.

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This research is aimed to analyze the influence of Specific Bank and Financial Structure Factors that proxied with bank loan (BLOAN), liquid asset to customer and short-term investment (LIQ), loan to deposit ratio (LDR), equity to total asset ratio (EQAS), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), Size, cost to income ratio (BOPO), concentration (CONC), total bank assets to GDP (ASSGDP), market capitalization to bank assets (MACPASS), and market capitalization to GDP (MACGDP) of the Bank Profitability in Indonesia during the period of five years starting from 2009 up to 2013. The tests were conducted with the least square regression model. The results of this research found that bank specific and financial structure significantly has influence on bank profitability."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor internal daneksternal terhadap profitabilitas bank umum di Indonesia pada periode 2009-2013.Data yang digunakan berupa data panel, yaitu lima belas bank umumkonvensional dengan aset terbesar pada 31 Desember 2013 selama periode 2009-2013. Profitabilitas bank diwakili oleh ROAA, faktor internal bank terdiri dariEQAS, COST, LSIZE, dan LQUICK, sedangkan faktor eksternal terdiri dariinflasi, ASSGDP, MACPASS. Hasil regresi data panel menunjukkan bahwasemua faktor internal berpengaruh signifikan dan berhubungan negatif padaprofitablitas, kecuali EQAS yang berpengaruh tidak signifikan dan berhubunganpositif. Kemudian, dua faktor eksternal ditemukan berpengaruh signifikan danberhubungan positif dengan ROAA, yaitu ASSGDP dan MACPASS, sedangkaninflasi ditemukan tidak berpengaruh signifikan dan mempunyai hubungan negatifdengan ROAA.

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ABSTRACTThe aims of this risearch is to analyze the effect of internal and external factors oncommercial banks profitability in Indonesia during 2009-2013 periods. Data panelis used that consist of five teen commercial bank in Indonesia which have thelargest asset on 31th December 2013, during 2009-2013. Bank profitability ispresented by ROAA, internal factors consist of EQAS, COST, LSIZE, andLQUICK, whereas external factors consist of inflation, ASSGDP, andMACPASS. Applying panel data regression analysis, the empirical resultsindicate that all internal factors variabels have significant and positif effect onprofitability, except EQAS that has not significant and negatif effect. Then, twoexternal factors variabels indicate that have significant and positive effect onprofitability, that are ASSGDP and MACPASS, whereas inflation has nosignifican and negative effect"

"Data perbankan menunjukkan bahwa trend perbankan di Indonesia mulai melihat pendapatan pendapatan selain bunga, khususnya fee based income. Hal ini membawa konsekuensi apakah akan menambah jumlah pendapatan bank secara total dan mengurangi risiko rentabilitas dengan semakin beragamnya jenis keuntungan, yang memerlukan kajian mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan selain bunga, khususnya fee based income terhadap risiko rentabilitas bank umum konvensional di Indonesia. Objek penelitian adalah seluruh bank umum konvensional yang dikelompokan berdasarkan kepemilikan atas dasar pengelompokan yang dilakukan oleh Bank Indonesia dengan dibagi menjadi tiga periodisasi data, yaitu sebelum krisis keuangan tahun 2004-2006, saat terjadinya krisis keuangan global tahun 2007-2009, dan pasca krisis keuangan tahun 2010-2013. Faktor-faktor yang diuji pengaruhnya adalah fee based income, pendapatan selain bunga, standar deviasi Return On Asset, standar deviasi Return on Equity dan standar deviasi Biaya Operasional/Pendapatan Operasional. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model panel heterogen dan metode regresi linier berganda, menggunakan data time series secara bulanan selama periode 10 (sepuluh) tahun yaitu tahun 2004 - 2013. Uji regresi menunjukan pengaruh fee based income dan pendapatan selain bunga terhadap risiko rentabilitas berbeda-beda untuk masing-masing kelompok bank dan periode waktu yang berbeda. Alternatif pendapatan selain bunga seperti fee based income, pada saat krisis, hanya kelompok Bank Campuran dan BPD yang berpengaruh signifikan menekan risiko rentabilitas. Dengan demikian selama krisis, kelompok Bank Asing, Bank Persero dan BUSN Devisa yang dominan kontribusi fee based-nya, ternyata tidak berkontribusi mengurangi risiko rentabilitas. Adapun pada BUSN Non Devisa juga menunjukkan hasil uji hipotesis ditolak.

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Banking data shows that the trend of banking in Indonesia began to look into non interest income rather than interest income, especially fee-based income. This may result in an increase of banks? total revenue and decrease of rentability risk due to various type of profit, which require in-depth review. This research was aimed at studying the influence of non-interest income, in particular fee based income, toward the rentability risk conventional bank in Indonesia.

The research object were all commercial conventional banks, classified based on ownership as per Bank Indonesia classification, and divided into 3 (three) data periods, namely prior to financial crises (2004-2006), during the financial crises (2007-2009), and post financial crises (2010-2013). The factors that were being examined are feebased income, non-interest income, standard deviation of Return on Asset, standard deviation of Return on Equity, and standard deviation of Operational Cost/Operational Revenue. The estimation model was conducted using heterogeneous panel and mulitple regression analysis, and the date that were being utilised are monthly time series data for the period of last ten years (2004-2013).

Regression test showed that the influence of increases in fee based income and non-interest income was different for each category of banks within different time periods. During the crises, non-interest income alternatives, such as fee-based income, only significant in reducing rentability risks on regional banks and banks owned jointly by foreign and domestic parties. Thus, during the period of crises, banks whose fee-based income was dominant, such as foreign-owned banks, government-owned banks and banks conducting foreign-exchange activities, did not experience reduced rentability risk. As for the banks that did not conduct foreign exchange activities, the results of the hypothesis testing is rejected."

"[ABSTRAKbrPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari struktur pasarperbankan terhadap profitabilitas dan stabilitas bank terkait rencana integrasisektor perbankan ASEAN yang merupakan salah satu cetak biru dari MasyarakatEkonomi ASEAN (MEA). Dalam mengukur struktur pasar perbankan digunakanpangsa pasar bank {Relative Market Power (RMP) Hypotesis} dan konsentrasipasar perbankan {Structure Conduct Performance (SCP) Hypothesis}. Penelitianini menggunakan data bank komersial yang terdaftar di pasar bursa saham negaraASEAN 4, yaitu Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, dan Filipina pada periode 2009-2014. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan RMP Hypothesis berlaku di perbankanASEAN dalam mempengaruhi profitabilitas bank, namun tidak berlaku diThailand dan Filipina. Di Indonesia SCP Hypothesis berlaku dominan dalammenentukan profitabilitas bank. Lain halnya dengan Malaysia, EfficiencyHypothesis mengonfirmasi hubungan pangsa pasar, konsentrasi pasar, danprofitabilitas bank. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa konsentrasi pasarperbankan berpengaruh negatif terhadap stabilitas bank pada perbankan ASEAN,Thailand dan Filipina. Hal tersebut mendukung konsep Concentration Fragility.Lain halnya dengan Indonesia dan Malaysia, konsetrasi pasar perbankan membuatbank lebih tidak stabil. Sehingga hal tersebut mendukung Concentration Stability.Penemuan penting dalam penelitian ini adalah bank dengan pangsa pasarbesar/ukuran besar dan permodalan kuat membuat bank dapat bersaing terkaitrencana integrasi sektor perbankan ASEAN. Hal tersebut dapat dilakukan denganmarger dan akuisisi, khususnya untuk Indonesia.;This study is aimed for analyzing the influence of banking market structure onbank profitability and stability related to ASEAN banking sector integrationplan which is in line with blue print of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC).In measuring banking market structure, the research utilized reference of bankmarket share {Relative Market Power (RMP) Hypotesis}and banking marketconcentration {Structure Conduct Performance (SCP) Hypotesis}. This researchalso utilized other references of commercial banks in which listed in stockexchange of ASEAN 4 countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Filiphinefor 2009 ? 2014 period. One of the research findings has shown that RMPHypotesis takes part in influencing bank profitability in ASEAN banks, but itdoes not work in Thailand and Filiphine. In case of Indonesia, SCP Hypothesisdominantly takes part in creating bank profitability. In case of Malaysia, on theother hand, Efficiency Hypothesis confirms market share, market concentration,and bank profitability. The research has also found out that banking marketconcentration contributes negative impact on bank stability in ASEAN banks,Thailand and Filiphine. This matter supports Concentration Fragility. On thecontrary, in case of Indonesia and Malaysia: banking market concentrationleads to more instability within the banks. The condition, therefore, supportsConcentration Stability. The important finding of this research is that highmarket share/bigger bank and strong capital leads to banks in order to win thecompetition in regard with ASEAN banking integration sector plan. Thisachievement can be reached by policy of merge and acquisition, especially forIndonesia banks.;This study is aimed for analyzing the influence of banking market structure onbank profitability and stability related to ASEAN banking sector integrationplan which is in line with blue print of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC).In measuring banking market structure, the research utilized reference of bankmarket share {Relative Market Power (RMP) Hypotesis}and banking marketconcentration {Structure Conduct Performance (SCP) Hypotesis}. This researchalso utilized other references of commercial banks in which listed in stockexchange of ASEAN 4 countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Filiphinefor 2009 ? 2014 period. One of the research findings has shown that RMPHypotesis takes part in influencing bank profitability in ASEAN banks, but itdoes not work in Thailand and Filiphine. In case of Indonesia, SCP Hypothesisdominantly takes part in creating bank profitability. In case of Malaysia, on theother hand, Efficiency Hypothesis confirms market share, market concentration,and bank profitability. The research has also found out that banking marketconcentration contributes negative impact on bank stability in ASEAN banks,Thailand and Filiphine. This matter supports Concentration Fragility. On thecontrary, in case of Indonesia and Malaysia: banking market concentrationleads to more instability within the banks. The condition, therefore, supportsConcentration Stability. The important finding of this research is that highmarket share/bigger bank and strong capital leads to banks in order to win thecompetition in regard with ASEAN banking integration sector plan. Thisachievement can be reached by policy of merge and acquisition, especially forIndonesia banks., This study is aimed for analyzing the influence of banking market structure onbank profitability and stability related to ASEAN banking sector integrationplan which is in line with blue print of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC).In measuring banking market structure, the research utilized reference of bankmarket share {Relative Market Power (RMP) Hypotesis}and banking marketconcentration {Structure Conduct Performance (SCP) Hypotesis}. This researchalso utilized other references of commercial banks in which listed in stockexchange of ASEAN 4 countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Filiphinefor 2009 – 2014 period. One of the research findings has shown that RMPHypotesis takes part in influencing bank profitability in ASEAN banks, but itdoes not work in Thailand and Filiphine. In case of Indonesia, SCP Hypothesisdominantly takes part in creating bank profitability. In case of Malaysia, on theother hand, Efficiency Hypothesis confirms market share, market concentration,and bank profitability. The research has also found out that banking marketconcentration contributes negative impact on bank stability in ASEAN banks,Thailand and Filiphine. This matter supports Concentration Fragility. On thecontrary, in case of Indonesia and Malaysia: banking market concentrationleads to more instability within the banks. The condition, therefore, supportsConcentration Stability. The important finding of this research is that highmarket share/bigger bank and strong capital leads to banks in order to win thecompetition in regard with ASEAN banking integration sector plan. Thisachievement can be reached by policy of merge and acquisition, especially forIndonesia banks.]"

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh kepemilikan asing, karakteristik negara asal, dan variabel karakteristik bank terhadap Profitability bank di Indonesia periode 2007-2011. Variabel karakteristik bank terdiri dari share, loan, leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, deposit, dan age. Dengan menggunakan sampel bank umum yang ada di Indonesia periode 2007-2011, penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi panel. Ternyata penelitian ini tidak menemukan adanya pengaruh kepemilikan asing dan karakteristik negara asal terhadap profitability bank pada sektor perbankan Indonesia. Akan tetapi, penelitian ini menemukan adanya pengaruh variabel leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, dan deposit terhadap variabel profitability bank asing di Indonesia. Sedangkan, hanya variabel Leverage, ROA Volatility, dan Loan Growth yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel profitability bank domestik di Indonesia.

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This study aims to examine the impact of foreign ownership, home country characteristic, and bank characteristic?s variables toward Indonesian Bank's profitability. Bank characteristic variable consist of share, loan, leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, deposit, and age. By using Indonesian commercial bank from 2007-2011 as a sample, this study is using panel regression method. It turns out, foreign ownership and home country characteristic don't influence Indonesia Bank?s profitability. However, this study finds the influence of leverage, ROA volatility, loan growth, and deposit with foreign bank profitability in Indonesia. While, only leverage, ROA volatility, and loan growth have influence with domestic bank profitability in Indonesia."

" ABSTRAK Penelitian ini mengenai determinan yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas bank komersial di Indonesia, tujuannya ialah untuk mencari tahu dan menganalisa determinan apa saja yang mempengaruhi profitabilitas bank komersial di Indonesia secara signifikan. Variabel yang digunakan Return On Asset, Net Interest Margin, Return On Equity, modal Equity/Total Asset Ratio dan Capital Adequacy Ratio , risiko kredit Non Performing Loans/Total Loans dan Loan Loss Provision/Total Loans , Biaya Operasional/Pendapatan Operasional, Likuiditas, Ukuran Bank, Struktur Kepemilikan, Non Interest Income/Total Asset, Aktivitas non-tradisional, Pertumbuhan PDB dan Inflasi. Di dalam penelitian ini dijelaskan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara determinan dengan profitabilitas bank komersial di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan risiko kredit, ukuran bank dan kepemilikan bank berpengaruh positif pada profitabilitas bank sedangkan efisiensi biaya dan likuiditas sebaliknya.

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ABSTRACT This study of the determinants that affect the profitability of commercial banks in Indonesia, the goal is to find out and analyze the determinants that influence the profitability of commercial banks in Indonesia significantly. Determinant factor tested in this research are, capital Equity Total Asset Ratio and Capital Adequacy Ratio , credit risk Non Performing Loans Total Loans and Loan Loss Provisions Total Loans , Operational Expenditure Operational Income, Liquidity, size of banks, Ownership Structure, Non interest Income Total Asset, Nontraditional Activity, Growth of GDP and Inflation. In this study explained that there is a relationship between the determinant of the profitability of commercial banks in Indonesia. The results of the study shows that credit risk, size of banks and ownership structure have positive influence to bank profitability and as for cost eficiency and liquidity are the opposite."