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"Kata yang kita temui dan gunakan dalam berkomunikasi memiliki makna leksikal dan kontekstual. Makna leksikal merupakan makna kata yang sebenarnya yang belum mengalami penyesuaian dengan konteks, sedangkan makna kontekstual adalah makna kata yang yang terikat dengan konteks situasi dalam suatu peristiwa bahasa. Ada kata-kata khusus yang digunakan pada satu topik, kegiatan, dan bidang tertentu tetapi juga dapat digunakan pada topik, kegiatan, atau bidang lainnya sehingga makna leksikal dan kontekstual kata tersebut menjadi berbeda-beda. Jurnal ini membahas mengenai makna leksikal dan makna kontekstual pada kata-kata khusus yang digunakan dalam artikel tentang make-up mata di situs Rubriek.nl, serta bagaimana penggunaan kata-kata khusus tersebut pada topik, kegiatan, dan bidang lain. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah dari sembilan kata khusus yang digunakan pada artikel make-up mata, terdapat lima kata yang juga digunakan pada konteks atau bidang lain. Kata-kata tersebut memiliki makna leksikal dan kontekstual yang berbeda-beda satu dengan yang lain. Makna leksikal pada kata khusus dalam topik make-up mata dan topik lain berbeda disesuaikan dengan konteks, bentuk dan peruntukannya sehingga menghasilkan makna kontekstual.

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Words that we find and use to communicate have lexical and contextual meanings. Lexical meaning is the meaning of the word that has not been adjusted to the context, while the contextual meaning is the meaning of the word that is bound to the context of the situation in a language event. There are special words that are used on a topic, activity, and certain field but also can be used on the other topic, activity, or field so that the lexical and contextual meaning of the word becomes different.

This journal discusses lexical and contextual meaning of the specific words used in eye make-up article on the site Rubriek.nl, as well as how to use these special words on the other topic, activities, and fields. The method used is qualitative.

The result of this study is nine of specific words used in eye make-up article, there are five words that are also used in the another context or field. These words have different lexical and contextual meaning from one another. Lexical meaning of any particular word in the eye make-up topic and other different topics is adapted to the context, forms and designation so it will create contextual meaning."

"The aim of this study is to reveal and explain the paradigmatic sense relations of identity, inclusion, and oppositeness in the Arabic language. In this study I will attempt to see this paradigmatic sense relations of the Arabic language from the tradition of Arabic semantics and Western tradition point of view as well in order to see to what extent the tradition of the Arabic semantics could be related to the non-Arabic semantics (Western semantics).In this study I will follow the theories and views presented by the Arabic experts in semantics who have already studied about the paradigmatic sense relations namely Anis (1965), Ya?cob (1982), Umar (1982), Al-dayah (1986), and Abu Syarif (1982). Besides, I will also follow theories that are related to the discussion from the non-Arabic experts in semantics namely Lehrer (1974), Leech (1977), Palmer (1983), Lyons (1996), and Cruse (2004).We use the fusha Arabic language used in the Holy Qur'an as resources of data. The research method used to analyze resources of data is analysis of meaning relation used by either Arabic or non-Arabic experts in semantics.The study about meaning relation of identity or synonymy (Al-tara: duf) shows that the relation in the Arabic language has not been classified in detail since in the tradition of the Arabic semantics, synonymy is only seen from the motivation point of view. Meanwhile, classification from the level of similarity is not done (for example absolute synonymy, prepositional synonymy, and near synonymy) such as classified by Cruse (2004). However, in the tradition of Arabic semantics, there is a term called Al-?itnab, the meaning strengthening by giving a long statement, as a part of the study of Al-bala:gah This is actually a part of Arabic synonymy.During this time, in the tradition of the Arabic semantics, the study about paradigmatic relations of inclusion and the study of synonymy in the Arabic language overlaps one another. Meanwhile, hyponymy and meronymy as a subclassification of inclusion relation are not found in the Arabic semantics. Paradigmatic relations of inclusion in the Arabic semantics appears in the form Al-?it-nab, either as a form of hyponymy or meronymy.The study about paradigmatic relations of opposition (Al tada:d) in the Arabic language such as synonymy is only seen from the motivation point of view. By following the Western theories, relations of opposition in the Arabic language can appears in the form of complementary opposites, antonymy opposites, and directional opposites. To analyze relations of opposite, the tradition of Arabic semantics refers to what is called al-di:d or contranymy. Beside Al-di:d, contranymy in the Arabic language appears in the form of Al-tagli:b, contranymy that has dualis grammar. Besides, the tradition of Arabic semantics has the use of opposite relation in a verse of the Holy Qur'an, namely Al-tiba:q and Al-muqa:balah Al- tiba:q is a contrast pair that appears at the same time in a verse of the Holy Qur'an. Meanwhile, Al-muga:balah is a contrast that appears in the beginning of a sentence and another contrast appears as a balance of the contrast of the first sentence."

"Penelitian ini membahas urutan kata bahasa Arab dalam media koran Al-Ahram, Mesir periode Nopember 2012. Urutan kata adalah bagian dari kajian sintaksis dan berperan sebagai ciri khas suatu bahasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Shinny yang mengklasifikasikan urutan kata menjadi jumla ismiyya dan jumla fi’liyya dan Holes dengan klasifikasi VSKOMP, SVKOMP, KOMPVS, dan VKOMPS. Teori-teori ini digunakan agar analisis pada korpus data menjadi lebih rinci. Penelitian ini juga memberikan analisis singkat mengenai kesesuaian subjek-predikat berkaitan dengan urutan kata. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran pemakaian urutan kata yang produktif dengan pembuktian pada korpus data. Berdasarkan penghitungan pada korpus data yang berupa 100 kalimat, jumla fi’liyya muncul pada 80 kalimat sedangkan jumla ?ismiyya muncul pada 20 kalimat.

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This research analyses Arabic word order in the Al-Ahram Newspaper, Egypt in November 2012. Word order is a part of syntactic research and also characteristic of a language. This research uses Shinny’s theory and Holes’ theory about classification of Arabic word order. Shinny’s theory divide the sentence into jumla ?ismiyya and jumla fi’liyya while Holes’ theory divide the sentence into VSKOMP, SVKOMP, VKOMPS, and KOMPVS sentence.

This research also gives a brief analysis about subject-predicate agreement related to the word order. The research gives a description about the productivity of the word order with evidences in the corpus. Based on statistic count from the 100 sentences of corpus, 80 sentences is jumla fi’liyya and 20 sentences is jumla ?ismiyya."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis teori arketipe shadow Carl Jung terhadap karakter yang terdapat di dalam novel To Kill A Mockingbird karya Harper Lee. Arketipe shadow atau shadow merupakan arketipe kegelapan yang merepresentasikan kualitas yang ditolak keberadaanya di dalam diri manusia. Akibatnya, manusia cenderung memproyeksikan shadow (kualitas yang dianggap buruk) mereka terhadap orang lain. Dengan menggunakan teori arketipe shadow, jurnal ini bertujuan untuk menemukan karakter mana yang berperan sebagai shadow bagi karakter lainnya beserta aspek yang dibawa oleh karakter yang berperan sebagai shadow tersebut. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif di mana penulis menggunakan kutipan dari buku untuk melakukan analisis. Penulis menemukan bahwa terdapat tiga karakter yang berperan sebagai shadow bagi karakter lainnya. Ketiga karakter tersebut ialah Boo Radley yang merepresentasikan shadow dari ketakutan akan perbedaan; Tom Robinson, dan Calpurnia, yang merepresentasikan shadow dari rasisme.

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This research looks at the analysis of Carl Jung‟s shadow archetype on characters in Harper Lee‟s To Kill A Mockingbird. Shadow archetype or the shadow is the archetype of „darkness‟ representing repressed qualities that individuals do not want to face within themselves. As a result, individuals tend to project their shadows (poorness of qualities they have repressed) on others. Using the concept of shadow archetype, this journal aims at figuring out which characters play a role as the shadows for other characters and what aspects are represented by the shadow characters. The method used in this research is qualitative method in which the author uses quotes from the book to do the analysis. The author analyzes there are three characters who become the shadows for other characters. The three characters are Boo Radley, which represents the shadow fear of difference; Tom Robinson, and Calpurnia, which represent the shadow of racism."

"Sebagai salah satu jenis karya sastra, puisi selain memberi pesan atau gambaran suasana tertentu, juga mengandung nilai-nilai kehidupan dan sosialpsikologis. Pada karya tulis ini, penulis akan menganalisis karakteristik kehidupan perkotaan dan kemasyarakatan urban yang terdapat di dalam puisi urban awal abad 20, yaitu "Besuch vom Lande" (1929) karya Erich Kästner dengan pendekatan mengenai konsep kota dan masyarakat urban Georg Simmel.

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As one type of literature, poetry besides giving a message or visual a certain atmosphere, it also contains the values of life and social-psychological feature. In this paper, the author will analyze the characteristics of urban life and urban community in the urban poetry early 20th century, namely "Besuch vom Lande" (1929) by Erich Kästner with the approach of the concept of city and urban communities by Georg Simmel."