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"In recent years, cancer stem cells have been recognized as important component in carcinogenesis and they seem to form the basis of many (if not all) tumor types. Cancer stem cells or "cancer cell like stem cells" have been isolated from various cancers of different origin (blood, breast, brain, skin, head and neck, thyroid, cervix, lung, retina, colon, pancreas and so on). Cancer stem cells - rare cells with indefinite proliferative potential that drive the formation and growth of tumours- seem to show intriguing relationships with physiological stem cells. Specifically, these cancer cells show significant similarities in the mechanisms that regulate self-renewal of normal stem cells. Moreover, tumour cells might directly arise from normal stem cells. Further, the cellular biology of cancer stem cells show a lot of similarities with normal stem cells."

"Advances in stem cell research discusses recent advances in stem cell science, including therapeutic applications. This volume covers such topics as biomanufacturing iPS cells for therapeutic applications, techniques for controlling stem cell fate decisions, as well as current basic research in such areas as germ line stem cells, genomics and proteomics in stem cell research. "

"Lupus nephritis (LN) is involvement of the kidney in patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and one of the most common target organ in SLE. The diagnosis of LN will significantly impact the clinical outcome and therapy of the patient. Therapy regiment of LN is divided into two stages, induction and maintenance treatment. The main objective of the induction therapy is to achieve complete or partial remission as soon as possible since it is correlated with better prognosis and fewer relapse incidence. In the maintenance stage, the main aim of the therapy is to maintain the remission status and avoid future relapse. It is also important to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapy as it will affect the duration and the regiment therapy being used. Corticosteroid, cyclophosphamide, mycophenolate mofetil, azathrioprine, cyclosporine and tacrolimus are example of drugs used in LN therapy. Currently, studies are being conducted to evaluate and develop targeted drug therapy to further add treatment options for LN.

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efritis lupus (NL) adalah keterlibatan organ ginjal pada pasien lupus eritematosus sistemik (LES) dan merupakan salah satu keterlibatan organ yang paling sering ditemukan. Ditemukannya NL pada pasien LES akan berdampak besar baik secara prognosis dari pasien maupun dalam pengobatan itu sendiri. Pengobatan NL dibagi menjadi dua tahap, induksi dan rumatan. Target dari pengobatan tahap induksi adalah untuk secepatnya mencapai remisi, baik parsial ataupun komplit, karena akan memberikan prognosis yang lebih baik dan kejadian relapse yang lebih rendah. Pada tahap rumatan, target yang ingin dicapai adalah untuk mempertahankan status remisi dan mencegah terjadinya relapse. Evaluasi keberhasilan dari masing-masing tahap juga sangat penting karena akan berpengaruh pada kelanjutan pengobatan. Kortikosteroid, siklofosfamid, mikofenolat mofetil, azatioprin, siklosporin dan takrolimus adalah obat-obat yang biasa dipakai dalam pengobatan NL. Berbagai target pengobatan baru juga terus berkembang guna memberikan pilihan yang lebih luas dalam menangani kejadian NL."

""Relevant to both research and clinical practice, this rich resource covers key principles of cellular function and uses them to explain how molecular defects lead to cellular dysfunction and cause human disease." -- Back cover."

"This seventh edition connects experimental material to key concepts of cell biology. The text offers streamlined information that reinforces a connection of key concepts to experimentation. Though the use paired art, and new science illustrations, readers benefit from a visual representation of experimental connections. Animations and video clips are tied to key illustrations with practice questions to provide a variety of ways to experience a key concept. This new edition offers an appropriate balance of concepts and experimentation. Experimental detail is offered when it helps to reinforce the concept being explained."